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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Blood Typing
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Identifying blood markers
ABO system |
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Agglutinogens
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Antigens on blood cell
A or B Rh factor - D antigen |
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Agglutinins
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Antibodies to antigens on RBC
Antibodies are proteins in the plasma Antibodies attack antigens |
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Blood Types
Type A |
Have A antigen (agglutinogen) on RBC
Have anti-B antibodies - antibodies attack (or clump) blood that has B antigens Can give blood to A or AB (because the recipient doesn't have anti-A antibodies) Can get blood from A or O (because that blood doesn't have any other antigens) |
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Blood Types
Type B |
Have B antigen (agglutinogen)
Have anti-A antibodies - antibodies attack (or clump) blood that has A antigens Can give blood to B or AB (because the recipient doesn't have anti-B antibodies) Can get blood from B or O (because that blood doesn't have any other antigens) |
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Blood Types
Type AB |
Has A and B antigens (agglutinogens)
Has no antibodies to A or B Can give blood only to AB (because that recipient doesn't have antibodies to A or B) Can get blood from anyone - A, B, AB, or O |
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Blood Types
Type O |
Has no antigens (agglutinogens) on RBCs
Can give blood to any other type - O, A, B, AB - universal donor Has anti-A and anti-B antibodies (agglutinins) Can only get blood from type O |
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Rh factor
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D antigen
Positive - if have D antigen Negative if does not have D antigen Rh negative individuals only get antibodies to D antigen (Rh factor) if they have been previously exposed (sensitized) to the antigen - this can occur during a transfusion or a pregnancy between an Rh negative mother and an Rh positive fetus May result in erythroblastosis fetalis with second pregnancy |
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Agglutination
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Process of the RBCs clumping when blood from one source is mixed with another source that has antibodies to it
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Genetics of Blood Types
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Blood type is inherited by multiple alleles (genes)
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Ertythroblastosis Fetalis
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occurs when fetus is Rh positive and mother is Rh negative
Mother has antibodies to Rh factor and maternal blood crosses placenta Antibodies in mother's blood destroys fetal RBCs Can be prevented with a drug called RhoGam RhoGam prevents mother from forming antibodies |
