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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
False dilemma
a limited number of options, usually two, while in reality there are many more. ex you could go home or go to school
Argument from ignorance
Assume that since something has not been proven false then it is true and vis versa ex since you can not prove that ghosts do not exist they must exist
Slippery Slope
claims if you allow one thing to happen then it will lead to something else and so on and so forth
Appeal to consequences
the author points to a particular consequence of holding a particular belief in order to show that this belief is false ex you must believe in God or else life would have no meaning
Prejudicial Language
loaded or emotive terms are used to attach value or moral goodness to believing the proposition ex right thinking american would agree that we should support the iraq war
Appeal to Popularity
the proposition is held to be true because it is widely held true by the upper sector of the population ex everyone knows the earth is flat so no need in arguing about that anymore
ad hominum
attacking the person not the argument abusive- attacks the person circumstantial- the person making the argument and his or her circumstances hypocrisy- the person does not practice what he teaches
Appeal to authority
the person is not qualified, experts disagree on the issue, the authority was not being serious at the time
hasty generalization
the size of the sample is to small to get a decent conclusion


fred the Australian stole me wallet so all Australian are theives
False analogy
compares two things that are similar when in reality they are not

Ex employees are like nails
Coincidental correlation
there is a difference between correlation and causation
begging the question
the truth of the conclusion is assumed by the premesis

ex since i am not lying, i must be telling the truth
straw man
the author attacks the arguemtn which is weaker than the oppositions best argurment
equivocation
the same word is used with two different meanings

ex "fine" for parking here