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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1 . Prester John |
Mythical Christian , King of Africa |
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2 . The Travels of John Mandeville |
Spoke of realms filled with precious stones and gold showed other lands were frightening , less appealing & full of evil women , basically told Europeans to not be attracted to foreign lands |
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Marco Polo |
Italian explorer who was 1st to travel in & around China |
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"God , glory , & gold " |
Primary motives for overseas trade . |
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Ptolemy's geography |
Contained world map , that led to Columbus belief that he could sail to Asia because the oceans were a considerably smaller size than the land masses |
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Lateen sails & square rigs |
Lateen sails : type of ship with triangular sails built for speed & to sail against the wing . Square rigs : sail with the wind current |
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Compass & astrolabe |
Compass allowed sailors to determine their direction / position at sea . Astrolabe allowed marines to plot their latitude |
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Prince Henry the navigator |
Portuguese prince who sponsored the travel of coast of Africa . Motives were 1) seeking Christian kingdom as an ally against Muslims 2) acquiring trade opportunities for Portugal 3) extending Christianity |
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The Gold Coast |
Regular expedition , Portuguese gradually crept down African coast of Africa ,in 1417 they discovered a new source of gold along the south coast of the hump of west africa |
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Bartholomeu Dias |
Portuguese explorer , 1st European to attempt to sail around southern tip of Africa to Eastern Africa reaching Indian Ocean from Atlantis |
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Vasco da Gama |
Portuguese explorer , proved a possible route to India around Africa |
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Malacca |
Main port , demand for Chinese porcelain , silk , spices , *pepper , ginger , cinnamon nutmeg |
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Spice islands |
Malacca , islands in Indonesia where European explorers traded for spices |
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Christopher Columbus |
Genoese , sailor , merchant , wanted to find western route to indies , discovered the continent of America for Spain in 1492 , believed he had hit an island off the coast of Japan |
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John Cabot |
Explored New England coastline of the Americans under a license from King Henry VIII of England |
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Vasco Nuñez de balboa |
1st to travel from Spain , cross the isthmus of panola and reach the pacific ocean |
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Ferdinand Magellan |
Portuguese explorer whose expedition was the first to sail around the world |
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Treaty of tordesillas |
Agreement diving up Spanish & Portuguese claims in the new world . Spain : everything west of line Portugal : everything east of line |
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Conquistadors |
Spanish conquistadors who sought gold & other riches in Americas |
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Hernan Cortes & moctezuma |
Spanish conquistador , who made alliances with enemies of the Aztec , took montezuma captive and robbed the city , conquered Aztec empire montezuma was the Aztec emperor who was killed by Herman Cortes |
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The Aztecs & tenochtitlan |
Built a bridge 4 miles away mainland ; outstanding warriors modern day . Mexico - semi independence territories governed by local lords . Tenochtitlan is the capital of Aztec empire |
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The Inca & Pachakuti |
Small community in the area of Cuzco , Pachakuti was a powerful ruler and created a highly centralized state in cuzco |
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Francisco Pizarro |
Spanish conquistador who conquered incas in South America |
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Encomienda |
System that petermined the conquer Spanish to collect tribulations from natives and use them as laborers |
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The viceroy & audiences |
Viceroy : representative of the king in the new world Audiences : supreme judiciary bodies that were advisory groups of viceroys |
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Boers and capetown |
Dutch farmers who began to settle outside the city of capetown . Capetown : provided foods & other provisions |
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Slave trade & the middle Passage |
Middle passage : trade route of slaves from Africa to Americas Slave trade : ppl used as servants |
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The triangular trade |
Trading between Europe Africa & the new world |
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The triangular trade |
Trading between Europe Africa & the new world |
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" Sugar Factories " |
Sugar plantations in the Caribbean that played an important role because it made so much . ( used a lot of slaves ) |
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Dutch east India Company |
Trading company under government sponsorship , also set up in settlement in South Africa , at the cape of good hope . Meant to serve as a base to provide good to spice lands |
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Dutch east India Company |
Trading company under government sponsorship , also set up in settlement in South Africa , at the cape of good hope . Meant to serve as a base to provide good to spice lands |
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Batavia |
Modern day Jakarta in Java , where the Dutch had established a fort |
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Mughal Empire |
Greatest Indian empire since the mauryan dynasty nearly 2 thousand yrs earlier founders came from the mountains religion north of the gangas river valley |
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British East India Company |
British force defeated a Mughal led army in the battle of plassey . As part of their victory they had collected taxes from lands in the area surrounding Calcutta |
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Robert Clive |
Aggressive British empire builder who became chief representative of The eastern india company in India |
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" Black hole of Calcutta " |
Local ruler had attacked for Willian caulcutta & imprisoned the local ppl pulsation in an underground prison many died there |
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Ming and Qing dynasties |
Mind , originally ruled China but a major epidemic devastated the population areas . Qing overthrew their ruler & became new rulers . Did many good things for china |
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Lord Macartney and emperor Qianlong |
Lord Macartney ; a British mission under the lord Macartney , busted Beijing to press for liberation of trade restrictions emperor Qianlong: expresses no interest in British products |
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Tokugawa shoguns |
In Japan , he took title of " shogun " (general) in 1603 an act that intimidated the most powerful and longest - lasting of all the Japanese shogunates |
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Nagasaki and the Dutch |
Small community of Dutch that were the only ones who could remain in Japan ( they didn't get involved in missionary activities & politics , unlike the Portuguese & Spanish who were there ) had restrictions though . |
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Britain's Navigation Acts |
regulated what could be taken from and solid to the 13 colonies in British North America . Supposed to make balance of trade favorable to the " mother country " |
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Samuel de Champlain |
French sailed and found Quebec City & " New France " explored and mapped northeastern america |
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Samuel de Champlain |
French sailed and found Quebec City & " New France " explored and mapped northeastern america |
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Mestizos and mulattoes |
Mestizos : Europeans and indianas mixed Mulattoes : Africans and whites mixed |
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Samuel de Champlain |
French sailed and found Quebec City & " New France " explored and mapped northeastern america |
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Mestizos and mulattoes |
Mestizos : Europeans and indianas mixed Mulattoes : Africans and whites mixed |
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The Colombian exchange |
Exchange of plants , animals , & disease across the Atlantic Ocean between the old world & the new world |
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Gerardus Mercator |
The most famous projection is the Mercator projection , the work of a Flemish cartographer . Map makers call it a conformal projection . Displays the true shape of the land masses but only in a limited area |
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The " asiento " |
Britians first entry into Spanish American markets came in 1713 when the British were granted the privilege of transporting 4,500 slaves a year into Spanish Latin America |
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Inflation |
A major economic problem in the 16th century and early 17 century |
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Price revolution |
Dramatic rise in prices , expanding markets & relatively cheaper labor costs that occurred throughout Europe in the 16th & early 17th century |
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House of fugger |
Was the wealthiest banking firm in the 16th century . Went bankrupt at the end of the 16th century when the habsburgs defaulted on their loans |
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Mercantilism |
The name historians use to identify a set of economic tendencies that came up to dominate economic practices in the 17th century |
