Ag Science/soil Science Test

Front 1

organic matter impacts the soil color by___

Back 1

making it darker in color

Front 2

organic matter provides ___nutrient to plants

Back 2

nitrogen

Front 3

___parent material is created by glaciers

Back 3

loess

Front 4

the largest soil particle is

Back 4

sand

Front 5

yellow or grey patches in subsoil means...

Back 5

*water is sitting in the profile
*too much clay in the profile
*over time the soil will shrink and swell

Front 6

the smallest soil particle is

Back 6

clay

Front 7

which soil structure breaks easily into small pebbles

Back 7

granular

Front 8

this parent material is created by rivers and streams

Back 8

alluvium

Front 9

soil is made up of ___% mineral matter

Back 9

45%

Front 10

this native vegetation deposited large amounts of organic matter in Central IL.

Back 10

tall prairie grass

Front 11

___% of water and air is needed for the ideal soil

Back 11

25% water
and
25% air

Front 12

the action of water soaking into the soil is called

Back 12

infiltration

Front 13

water that forms a film around each soil particle is called

Back 13

hygroscopic water

Front 14

the most fertile soil particle size is

Back 14

silt

Front 15

the most fertile soil texture is

Back 15

loam

Front 16

water that is held in the pore space of soil agains gravities pull is

Back 16

capillary water

Front 17

rocks break down into mineral matter because of_____

Back 17

rain
wind
freezing and thawing

Front 18

name the largest soil particle

Back 18

sand

Front 19

the topsoil of a soil profile is known as layer_____

Back 19

A

Front 20

which soils are the most fertile and productive

Back 20

middle aged soils

Front 21

organic matter that decomposes in cold wet climates is called

Back 21

peat

Front 22

which soil structure is solid and won't break apart

Back 22

massive

Front 23

which type of erosion is the most severe

Back 23

gully erosion

Front 24

this type of erosion can be corrected with tillage

Back 24

rill erosion

Front 25

_____created loess in Central IL.

Back 25

Illinoian & Wisconsin glaciers

Front 26

which soil structure breaks apart into individual pieces

Back 26

single grain

Front 27

pressing out all of the air space is called

Back 27

compaction

Front 28

when irrigation water has too many dissolved salts _____occurs

Back 28

salinization

Front 29

when water moves down through the soil it is called

Back 29

percolation

Front 30

a tool that helps determine soil texture

Back 30

soil texture triangle

Front 31

to prevent wind erosion, a series of trees are planted known as

Back 31

wind break

Front 32

in order to raise soil pH, one can use the chemical

Back 32

limestone

Front 33

what is a ion

Back 33

a negatively charged particle

Front 34

fertilizers are often made up of

Back 34

fillers which carry no nutritional value

Front 35

how do we diagnose the current levels of nutrients in the soil

Back 35

soil testing

Front 36

large anounts of elements needed by plants are called

Back 36

macronutrients

Front 37

mixed up layers in a soil profile is called

Back 37

translocation