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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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life or living
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bio
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picking the best plants or animals for producing the next generation
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improvement by selection
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selection of parents to get desirable characteristics in the offspring
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selective breeding
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biology of heredity
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genetics
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the transmission of characteristics from an organism to its offspring through genes in reproductive cells
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heredity
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components of cells which determine the individual characterists of living things
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genes
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offspring of common parents
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generation
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an exact duplicate of something
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clone
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the movement of genetic information in the form of genes from one cell to another
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genetic engineering
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a slightly acidic substance that the nuclei of all cells contain
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nucleic acid
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chemicals that connect DNA strands
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bases
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a DNA base designated with the letter A
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Adenine
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a DNA base designated with the letter G
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Guanine
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a DNA base designated with the letter T
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Thymine
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the process of identifying the location of a specific gene on a chromosome
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mapping
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the process of removing and inserting genes into DNA
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gene splicing
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also know as gene splicing
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recombinant DNA technology
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the process of finding and recording the location of genes
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gene mapping
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bacteria that were genetically altered to retard frost formation on plant leaves
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Ice-Minus
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a compound that effects genetically engineered so they turn a bright shade of blue in its prescence
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X-Gal
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a hormone that is known for its stimulation of increased milk production in cows
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Bovine Somatotropin (BST)
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a chemical used by people with diabetes to control their blood sugar levels
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insulin
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a hormone that increases meat production in swine
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Porcine Somatotropin (PST)
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Define Biotechnology.
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the use of microorganisms, aniumal cells, plant cells, or components of cells to produce products or carry out processes with living organisms
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What are some characterists looked for in selective breeding?
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color, size, milk production, speed, gentleness, strength
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Who started plant crossbreeding with garden peas?
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Gregor Mendell
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What did Gregor Mendell observe in his pea plant experiment?
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the pattern in the way different characteristics were passed down from one generation to another
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the biology of heredity
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genetics
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the transforming of characteristics (genes) to offspring
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heredity
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What does DNA stand for?
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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transposts genes in one cell to genes in another
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genetic engineering
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Define DNA
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DNA is in all living cells. It is similar in structure, function, and composition, and is the transmitter of heridutary information
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genetic alphabet of life
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Adeline, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
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Adeline : ______
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Thymine
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Guanine: ______
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Cytosine
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Thymine: _____
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Adeline
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Cytosine: ______
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Guanine
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What happens when cells divide?
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Stands of DNA seperate -> chemicals match up, new -> strands form
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chemical to keep fruit safe
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Ice-Minus
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used to increase milk production; used in animals with milk problems
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BST
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hormone used in steer
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PST
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Steer are slaughtered at age _____
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1 year
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Genes change to _____
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fight off a particular disease
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Did not like certain genes in potatoes
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Colorado Potato Beetle
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How were potatoes protected from the Coloardo Potato Beetle?
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injected with bad genes
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Insulin came from animal's ____
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pancreas
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genetically engineered to produce insulin
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E. coli
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animals engineered to have new substances helpful to us
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transgenic animals
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Waste Management:
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- not enough places to store trash
- landfills leaked into groundwater - running out of land |
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certain bacteria is created to eat oil spills and clean the water
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Biotechnology with Waste Management
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offspring
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prognency
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