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157 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A mature follicle is called a __________
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graffian follicle
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The funnel-shaped end of an oviduct is an _________
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infundibulum
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__________ is the exact location of fertilization.
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Fallopian Tube
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______ is the anatomical part of the reproductive tract that protects the uterus from infection & passage of foreign material.
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Cervix
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The age of a mare whe she reaches puberty is ______
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12-15 months
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The average length of estrous cycle in a cow is ______
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18-24 days
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The average length of estrous cycle in a bitch is ______
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6-12 months
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The average length of estrous cycle in a mare is _______
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19-25 days
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Nidation is complete ______ days after the cow is fertilized
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30-35
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The hormone that maintains pregnancy is ___________
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Progesterone
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_______ is an accurate method of pregnancy diagnosis in dogs used only during the last trimester
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Radiography
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In dairy cows, the hormone ______ is assayed from milk samples for pregnancy diagnosis.
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pregesterone
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A fetus releases ________, which triggers parturition.
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Cortisone
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_________ refers to an animal with testes abnormally remaining in the abdominal cavity.
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Cryptorchidism
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_____,______, and _______ are three accessory sex glands in the male.
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Seminal vesicles, cowper's gland and prostate gland
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_______ is the main male sex hormone.
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Testosterone
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A heifer that is bres and who conceives on May 1 should calve on ________
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Feb 9
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Progesterone is primarily produced in the _________. Is many functions include __________.
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Corpus Luteum
Mammary secratory tissue |
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A sow does not return to heat until after _________
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she is weened
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What is flushing and what animals practice it?
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Increase energy in diet few weeks b4 breeding
Sheep, goats, and pigs |
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List 3 items you can check for in rectal palpation pregnancy diagnosis.
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Fetal membrane slip
size increase cotyledons miduterine artery |
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Turkey hens are commerically kept for breeding _____ times.
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1
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The recommended stocking rate for breeding turkeys is _______
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1:10-20
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Doe rabbits are usually rebred whe the litter is ________
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weened
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The sensory and erectile organ of the female located just inside the vulva is the _________
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clitoris
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An infertile heifer born twin to a bull is called a _________
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freemartin
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The hormone _________ stimulates mammary duct development.
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estrogen
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The hormone ________ has been shown to increase milk yield by as much as 20% when injected daily into the cow.
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BST
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Sperm is evaluated on the basis of __________
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concentration, motility, & morphology
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The lengths of estrus in a cow is _______
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18-19 hours
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The length of estrus in a ewe is _______
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24-36 hours
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The length of estrus in a doe is _______
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32-40 hours
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The length of estrus in a mare is _______
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4-8 days
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The length of estrus in a bitch is ________
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5-19 days
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The typical stocking rate for a goat is ______
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1:30
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The typical stocking rate for sheep is _______
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1:35-60
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The typical stocking rate for cattle is _______
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1:25-40
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The typical stocking rate for horses is _______
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1:20-30
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The typical stocking rate for ducks is ______
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1:7
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The typical stocking rate for turkeys is ________
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1:10-20
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The typical stocking rate for chickens is _______
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1:12
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Pregnancy testing of does by palpation can be done as early as ______ days after fertilization.
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10
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What hormone causes the pelvic region to relax prior to birth?
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relaxin
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The ligament that pulls the testes into the scrotum is the __________
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gubernaculum
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Sperm mature in the _________
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epididymis
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Before the breeding season ewes should be ________
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flushed
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A mature ram can handle ______ ewes.
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1:35-60
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GnRH controls the release of ______ & _______ from the anterior pituitary gland.
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FSH & LH
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In the male FSH stimulates __________
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Spermatogenesis (sperm production)
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In the first breeding season turkey hens can be expected to produce ________ eggs.
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50-120
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After insemination chicken sperm are viable for as long as _______
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32 days
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In the male LH stimulates the production of __________
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testosterone
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The _________ is also known as the bulbourethral gland.
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Cowper's gland
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The S cruve in the penis of the bull, ram and boar is the _________
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sigmoid flexure
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Roosters crow because of ________
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testosterone
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The endometrial cups produce the unique hormone _______
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PMSG
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_______ secretes albumen, or the white of the egg.
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Magnum
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______ is the shell gland in the hen.
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uterus
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_______ occurs in about 90% of all heifers & is caused by the breakage of uterine capillaries, which become more fragile w/ decreasing levels of circulating ________ during the middle of the animal's cycle.
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Menestrus bleeding
estrogen |
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_______ is the outermost of the fetal membranes. The fetal part of the placenta develops from it.
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chorion
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_______ is the temperature of liquid nitrogen in degrees Celsius.
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-196
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_________ successfully artificially inseminated a bitch that gave birth to a litter of puppies in the 1780s.
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Dr Spallanzani
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_______ is the most common method of artifical insemination in horses and cattle today
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rectal
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Bovine somatotropin that is used commercially today is made by a process called __________
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recumbinent DNA
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________ is the trapping of solar energy and its conversion to chemical energy, which is used in the manufacturing of food molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
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Photosynthesis
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The classification of animals w/ stomachs divided into four compartments is _________.
Give examples |
Ruminant
cows, sheep & goats |
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________ is the external opening of the lower end of the digestive system in poultry
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cloaca
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______ is the metabolic disorder caused by excessive accumulation of gases in the rumen.
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Bloat
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_______ is used as a last resort to treat bloat.
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trocar
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The greenish yellow pigment produced by the liver and used in emulsifying fats is _______
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bile
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_______ is the organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in which hydrogen & oxygen are in the same proportion as that found in water.
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Carbohydrates
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The blind pouch located at the point where the small and large intestines meet is the _______
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cecum
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________ is the gross energy of feed minus the energy remaining in the feces.
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digestible energy
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Partially digested feed that moves from the stomach to the small intestine is called ______
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chyme
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Animal tissues & bones from animal slaughterhouses & rendering plants that are cooked, dried, & ground & than used as an animal protein supplement are called _______
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tankage
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_______ is a classification of animals that eat plants as the main part of their diet.
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Herbivores
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_______is a classification of animals that eat meat as the main part of their diet.
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Carnivores
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_______ is a classification of animals that eat both meat and plants to balance out their dietary needs.
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Omnivores
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______ is the muscular stomach that crushes and grinds the feed and mixes it with digestive juices in birds.
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Gizzard
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_______ is also called a gullet.
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Esophagus
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The tubelike passage from the mouth to the stomach is the ________
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Esophagus
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Ash is also called _______
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minerals
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Ether extract determines the ______ content of a feed.
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fat
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________ is the presence and distribution of fat and lean in a cut of meat.
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marbling
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GE - (fecal energy + gaseous energy + urinary energy) =
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Digestible Energy (DE)
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GE - (fecal energy + gaseous energy + urninary energy + heat increment) =
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Net Energy (NE)
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_______ is the third compartment of the ruminant stomach.
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omasum
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_________ is the total of the digestible protein, digestible nitrogen free extract, digestible crude fiber and 2.25 times the digestible fat.
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Total digestible nutrient
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The last part of the large intestine in mammals (before the anus) is the ________
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rectum
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________ is also called honeycomb stomach.
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Reticulum
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________ is also called manypiles stomach.
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Omasum
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A _______ is also referred to as a paunch
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Rumen
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________ is the process of chewing the cud.
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rumination
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________ is the true stomach of a cow.
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Abomasum
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_______ is the passage of feed nutrients across the intestinal wall into the circulatory system.
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Absorption
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_______ is a feed category that is high in fiber and low in digestible energy.
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Roughage
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________ is a feed category that is high in digestible energy and low in fiber.
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concentrate
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_______ is regurgitated food or a large pill for dosing animals.
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Bolus
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A groove in the reticulum between the esophagus and omasum that directs milk in young nursing animals away from the rumen/reticulum is __________
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Reticular groove
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Milk sugar is called ________
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lactose
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Another word meaning simple sugar is _________
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monosaccharides
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A word meaning two-sugar molecule is __________
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disaccharide
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A word meaning many-sugar molecule is __________
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polysaccharides
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________ means to chew
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masticate
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The process whereby the animal picks up feed or food is _________
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prehension
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_________ is the metabolic disorder occurring at or near the time of giving birth caused by a sudden drop in blood calcium levels.
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milk fever
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The precentage of body weight eaten per day by beef cattle is ______ percent.
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2
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________ is caused by a deficiency of iron and copper.
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Anemia
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______ is a metabolic disorder by Ca or P deficiency in young growing animals.
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Rickets
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______ and _______ are the two main gases produced in the rumen.
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Methane
Carbon Dioxide |
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The normal wavelike muscular contractions that propel ingesta through the digestive tract are _________
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paristaltic action
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_______ is a storage pouch off of but continuous with the esophagus in poutlry; it is used for storage of food materials hastily eaten by the bird.
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Crop
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______ is used by the chicken as a grinding material to help the gizzard break down large particles of feed into smaller ones.
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Grit
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Nutrients are absorbed in the simple stomached animal primarily in the _______
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ileum
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Monogastric cannot easily digest _________
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fiber
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Three common animal protein feeds are _______, _______, and ________
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bloodmeal
tankage dried skim milk |
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List common high energy feeds for various species of livestock: horses _______, cattle _______ and pigs ______
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oats
barley corn |
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______ is a mineral required by bacteria to synthesize vitamin B12
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cobalt
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A common condition known as grass tetany is caused by a lack of _________
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Mg
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A deficiency of _______ shows up as a paleness of the blood vessels under the eyelid.
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iron
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The disease rickets is associated with vitamin ____ deficiency.
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D
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Night blindness results form a vitamin ______ deficiency.
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A
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Hardware disease results when sharp objects puncture the walls of the _________
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reticulum
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Calcium gluconate is used to treat _______
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milk fever
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Too much salt in poultry rations can cause the undesirable management of ______ manure.
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very wet
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Some assistance is provided chickens in swallowing because of the unusual shape of their _______
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mouth
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The ventriculus, or _______, serves as the chicken's ________
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gizzard
stomach |
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In poultry, the digestive system shares a common junction with the ________ and ________ system.
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monogastric
functional cecum |
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_________ causes the white portion of chicken manure.
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uric acid
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A 900 pound horse eats about _____ pounds of dry matter (feed) per day.
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18
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The rabbit's digestive tract is much like that of a _______
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horse
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__________ is the main cause of soft pork.
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unsaturated fats
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_________ is the true stomach of a chicken.
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Gizzard
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The closest chickens can come to having teeth is the action simulated by the _______
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tongue
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_______ is completely indigestible by all animals.
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lignin
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What are the fat-soluble vitamins?
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A, D, E, K
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An average horse will consume ______ gallons of water per day.
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12
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_______ is blood sugar.
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insulin
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A polysaccharide that forms the bulk of plant cell walls is ______
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cellulose
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_______ is a term, often used by chemists, meaning fat.
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lipids
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Chemists, trying to prevent rancidity of fats, developed the __________ process.
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hydrogenation
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_______ is a fat deposit in the muscle tissue.
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Marbling
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The disease rickets is associated with vitamin ____ deficiency.
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D
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Night blindness results form a vitamin ______ deficiency.
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A
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Hardware disease results when sharp objects puncture the walls of the _________
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reticulum
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Calcium gluconate is used to treat _______
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milk fever
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Too much salt in poultry rations can cause the undesirable management of ______ manure.
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very wet
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Some assistance is provided chickens in swallowing because of the unusual shape of their _______
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mouth
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The ventriculus, or _______, serves as the chicken's ________
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gizzard
stomach |
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In poultry, the digestive system shares a common junction with the ________ and ________ system.
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monogastric
functional cecum |
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_________ causes the white portion of chicken manure.
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uric acid
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A 900 pound horse eats about _____ pounds of dry matter (feed) per day.
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18
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The rabbit's digestive tract is much like that of a _______
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horse
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__________ is the main cause of soft pork.
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unsaturated fats
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_________ is the true stomach of a chicken.
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Gizzard
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The closest chickens can come to having teeth is the action simulated by the _______
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tongue
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_______ is completely indigestible by all animals.
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lignin
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