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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Weberian definitions of the State
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A sect of political institutions that govern within a delimited territory
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Civil Society
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the organization that arise out of voluntary association within society, found between the extend family and the state
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Indirect rule
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A System of colonial administration favoring the use of intermediaries, and offering a degree of devolution, rather than full scale central governments intervention
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Irredentism
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The desire to unite under one flag a community that is currently divided
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State Elite
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An educated and urban class which owes its privileges to its access to state institutions
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Ideology
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A lifeguiding system of beliefs, values and goals affection political style and action
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Nation
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a collection of people bound together be common values and traditions, often sharing the same language, history and an affiliation to a geographical area
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Nationalism
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the desire that the nation should be housed in its own sovereign state, occurs when members of a nation desire to be united as one political unit
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African Socialism
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A strain of socialism built more on African ‘traditional values’ (village communalism and co-operation) tan the class struggle of classical Marxism-Leninism
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Scientific Socialism
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A strain of socialism based on the class analysis of Karl Marx, later developed by V.I Lenin
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Populism
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a political movement favoring the wishes and interest of ‘ordinary people’
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Ethnic Group
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a community of people who have the conviction that they have a common identity and common fate based on issues of origin, kinship ties, tradition, cultural uniqueness, a shared history and possible a shared language
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‘Tribalism’
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the charge that groups continue to hold divisive ‘outdated’ ethnic allegiance that counter the states goal of national unity, a derogatory accusation used by nationalist, which considers ethic identities to retrogressive and harmful to the develop to modern nation states.
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Instrumental Ethnicity
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where members seek to become part of an ethnic group because it is in their interest to do so
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Peasantry
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small agricultural producers, producing largely for their own subsistence
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Proletariat
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wage earners within capitalist societies who rely on selling their labor
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Informal Sector Entrepreneurs
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individual making a living from petty trading, often involving illegal actives
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Bourgeoisie
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the ruling class in the capitalist era of history, whose power is based on their ownership of the means of production
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Petty Bourgeoisie
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Minor owners of productive property whose exploitation of labor is limited
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National Bourgeoisie
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the indigenous ruling class
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Commercial bourgeoisieies
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the classical bourgeoisie as defined by Marx in his studies of western capitalist societ
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Bureaucratic bourgeoisie
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those who ‘control’ rather than ‘own’ their means of production, exploiting their command over the institution of the state to accumulate capital
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Comprador bourgeoisie
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any section of the national bourgeoisie which acts as an agent for international bourgeoisie
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International Bourgeoisie
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international capitalist based in the ‘north’ who exploits the ‘peripheral’ economies of Africa and other regions of the ‘south’
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Coercion
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the use or threat of violence to achiever a political or social purpose
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Legitimacy
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a psychological relationship between the governed and their governors, which engenders a belief that the state’s leaders and institution have a right to exercise political authority over a society
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Personal rule
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A system of government where own individual commanding the heights of state institutions and patron-client networks enjoys a virtual monopoly on all formal political activity within a territory
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Clientelism
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a largely instrumental political relationship between an individual of higher socio-economic status (the patron) who uses his own influence and resources to provide protection or benefits, or both for a person of lower status (the client) who for their part reciprocated by offering general support and assistance to the patron
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Patron-client Relationship
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the series of vertical links that bind patron and client where the client of one patron often commands their own patronage network lower down the chain
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Military Coup d’ etat
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a sudden illegal displacement of government in which members of the security forces play a prominent role
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Veto coup
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where the military intervenes to arrest political transition, protection its corporate interest
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Breakthrough Coup
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where the military acts in the vanguard of a revolution, replacing tradition political institution with more radical structures of government
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Profession Ethic of Non-Intervention
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the acceptance that the military should remain under political control, and not use its capacity to inflict violence in an effort to influence the political process
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Sovereignty
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the claim of supreme political authority within a territory
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Proxy Wars
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a local conflict which has been ‘internationalized’ effectively making the protagonist surrogates of competing ‘superpowers’
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International Financial institutions
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non governmental bodies that help regulate the international economy, such as the international monetary fund and the World Bank
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Neo-colonialism
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economic control and exploitation that western powers still retain over the ex-colonies after independence
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Structural adjustment program (SAPs)
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neo-liberal economic reform strategies promoted by international financial institutions during the 1980s and 1990s
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Terms of Trade
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the ration of a state’s income form exports, measured against the cost of its imports
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Unequal exchange
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a problem where the international economy purchases (third world) primary produce relatively cheaply, compared with the expensive costs of (western) manufactured products in the same market
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Crisis of Accumulation
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the failure to create wealth through the productive investment of surplus capital
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Crisis of Governance
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the failure of state to provide political structure able to represent civil society
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Kleptocratic/Vampire/Predatory State
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Literally ‘ruled by thieves’ a state that exploits, rather than serves, civil society
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