African Nationalism

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African National Congress

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1912 South Africa, first truly effective political party in Africa.

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Kwame Nkrumah

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was the founder and first president of modern Ghana and emerged as one of the most influential Pan-Africanists of the 20th century.

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Pan-Africanism

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literally means 'all Africanism'. It is a sociopolitical world-view, as well as a movement, which seeks to unify and uplift both native Africans and those of the African diaspora, as part of a "global African community"

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Stephen Bantu Biko

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a noted nonviolent anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s and early 1970s. Since his death in police custody, he has been called a martyr of the anti-apartheid movement.

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United States of Africa

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an idea for a united Africa, influenced the pan-African movement.

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African nationalism

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was not focused on ethnicity like European nationalism, it was mostly not anti-European, rather it focused on liberation.

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Africans were...

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against European ethnocentrism, racism, arrogance etc. however, Europe still served as a model for aspirations of independent states.

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Africans wanted...

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a technologically modernized society that would still be African.

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loyalties to pre-colonial nations, was prominent in post-colonial states

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often referred to as tribalism, wrongly so.

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Blaise Diagne

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1914, the first African representative to the National Assembly in Paris

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True nationalism movement

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emerged after WWII was not aimed at influencing policy-it wanted to capture colonial administration itself.

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the most effective nationalist weapon

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the western-style political party, organized on a colony wide basis by members of the western-educated elite with mass participation at the local level.

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after WWII

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the independence movement greatly sped up immediately after..

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CPP

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Convention People's Party, 1951 Kwame Nkrumah won election in Gold coast under new British constitution allowing independent rule within country.

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Kwame Nkrumah

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first president of Ghana!

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Britain

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Finally agreed in 1958 to grant independence to most of the eastern and central tropical Africa on that basis.