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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Baracoon
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barracks where slaves/convicts were formally held in temporary confinement - slave forts
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Olaudah Equiano
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- captured when ten years aold
- accounts of trek to coast, fort, boat, and off loading - sold to ship captain, eventually bought freedom - ended up in England as advocate of abolition - married |
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Grain Coast
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Liberia - grains, pepper, sorghum, millets
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Gold Coast
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Ghana - gold, slaves, forts
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Middle Passage
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- essay question
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La Amistad
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- Spanish ship carrying slaves
- Crew revolted and took over ship on its way to Cuba - Joseph Chinque was leader - slaves reached Connecticut area - question of what do do with them since Atlantic Slave trade ended in 1808 - goes to supreme court - they were freed 1842 back to Africa |
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Stone Rebellion
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- began at stono bridge near charleston
- 1739 - 20 Angolan slaves storm wharehouse get guns/ammo and kill workers leaving heads on step - Feld towards florida gathering support on way - 100 slaves - sacked plantaation, killed 30+ whites - stopped to celebrate/recruit - found by whites/indians - 44 killed rest bounced |
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150 slaves in Charleston
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After stono rebellion the hung ten slaves a day 1740
- fear of revolts never lost |
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Maroonage
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escaped black slaves (cimaroon) own established settlemnts in hiding
- Florida seminoles, palmares, swamps, applachian mtns. guatemala |
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Djukka
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quilumbo group in Dutch Guyana (suriname) 17-18th C's
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Gullah
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dialects of sea islands od S. Carolina and Georgia
- combine african words and grammar with english - still spoken today - like creole/pidgins |
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Season
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- slaves prepared for new lives
- depended on many factors: age, ethnicity, gender - occupation chosen for them |
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Categories of Seasoning
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1. Creole - born in Americas
2. old Africans - line in americans long time 3. new africans - just got to americas/ salt water negroes - creole worth 3x's as much as new african |
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Seasoning process
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- modify behavior/attitude
- new names: christian,simple african - leanred English - broken into gangs - first gang best - young easier to be broken worth more - lived in groupings of new/old africans - mutually beneficial |
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George Carter
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top slave owner in Virginia - owned many female salves he abused sexually
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Crispus Attucks
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escaped slave and first matyr of revolutionary war
- dies in boston massaccre - black dad/indian mom |
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Lord Dunmore
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1775 governor, said he would liberate slaves that joined his majesty's army out of desperation
- got slaves to flee plantations and join - blacks fought for freedom - nova scotia after loss |
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Sally Hemmings
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Thomas Jefferson's mistress when he was 44 and she was 14
- she had special privileges - 2 kids allowed to escape; 2 kids freed upon his death - hemmings freed by jeffersons real daughter |
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Code Noir
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defined conditions of slaveery and slave master relations in french colonial empire
- louis XIV 1. conditons of slavery/free slaves 2. forbade anything but catholicism in french colonies 3. jews got kicked out of french colonies |
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Sir William Howe
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British forces during revolutionary war
- Bunker hill - didn;t want blacks, mulattos, indians to fight in militia |
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northwest Ordinance
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1787- limit slavery expansion by articles of confederation
- no slavery north of ohio river - created new free states and challenged by louisiana purchase |
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Ethiopian Regiment
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under command of lord Dunmore was unit composed of escaped virginia slaves
- 300 blacks - Titus - liberty to slaves |
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Kenneth Stamp
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1956 - theory that slavery too harsh for and African cultures to survive in North America "blacks with white souls"
- some new world slaves had remnants of Afr culture but US didn;t(harshest) - Latin American societies less harsh cuz protection of state laws and catholicism - first realization that some culture is retained |
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13th ammendment
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slavery still legal in the united states
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4 kinds of modern day slavery
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1. debt
2. sexual 3. crime/punishment 4. chattel/debt bondage 5. forced labor |
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how many africans taken from 15th to 19th century
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28 million
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Where did muslim traders take slaves
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arabian peninsula, throughout coast of indian ocean, N and E african, and e. Mediterranean
- 17 million |
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When did portugues arrive on W. coast of Afr
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1450
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triangular Trade
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between britain africa and the U.S.
US shipped raw materials to britain, britain finished goods to Africa, and slaves to the US |
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Other things traded ion triangular trade
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iron, liquer/rum, pewter, utensil/brass, firearms
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When was height of Atlantic slave trade
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18th Century -
- tobacco and sugar |
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When does atlantic slave trade officially end in US
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1808 following brits in 1807
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how many slaves went direct from britain to US
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500,000
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where did most africa slaves in americas come from
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kongo - congo and angola
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three major slave trading companies
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1. dutch west india co
2. royal african co 3. portuguese co of cacheo |
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What nation shipped most slaves to america
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britain especially towards end of 18th C
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what country built most slave ships
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US
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3 major slave tradin forts
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cape coast castle - ghana
elmina - ghana osu castle - gulf of guinea |
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what colony received most slaves
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S carolina
virginia had the most |
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4 major moroon societies
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1. jamaica
2. palmares 3. black seminoles, florida everglades, appalachian mtns, swamps 4. suriname - dutch guyana - djukka |
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what were the major crops at the eve of american revolution and where
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1. tobacoo - virginia, N carolina, maryland
2. rice and indigo- s carolina and georgia 3. grains - new jersey, penn, new yok |
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Lord Dunmores proclamation
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1775 - challenged washington by offering freedom to loyalists slaves fighting for his majesty
- run aways - washington forced to flip flop |
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Kinds of labor in americas
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1. mining
2. urban slaves 3. haciendas 4. agricultural |
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10 laws of code noir
1-5 |
1. forbade all religions but catholicism
2. slaves marry w/ master permission 3. slaves can have weapons w/ masters permission 4. blacks kids inherit state of mom not dad 5. owners may not have kids with black concubines |
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code noir 6-10
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6. if slave hits master he is killed
7. free blacks cannot help slaves escape 8. master cant falsely accuse slave of crime 9. can chain/punish slaves but no torture.muilation 10. slaves are property |
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largest ethinic group in virginia
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igbo
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virgina slaves born in the US of what decent
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igbo
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s carolina slaves born outside US of what decent
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congo, mende
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most females in what ethnic group
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igbo - 45% from bight of biafra
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where did black loyalists go after rev war
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1. nova scotia
2. england 3. sierra leone 4. germany 5. british west indies |
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4 resultsof america revolution is regards to slavery
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1. slave trade ended in 1808
2. slavery ended north of maryland 3. manumission in upper south not strict, 1000's let free 4. divided nation 5. abolition became national discourse 6. south re develops slavery |
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5 states thaty ended slavery
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1777 - vermot const
1783- massachusetts - free and equal 1784 - Ri - gradual emanciapation 1784 - Conn - gradual emancipation 1799 - NY - gradual emancipation |
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4 items traded in trans saharan trade
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pepper, gold, glass beads, cloth, cowrie shells, salt
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