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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Circulation to head and neck is supplied to left and right cartoid artereis each divides into 2 parts, what are they?
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Internal Cartoid/ External Cartoid
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What does the internal cartoid supply
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front and mid portions of the brain including eye and orbit, and also sends terminal branches to forehead and nose. important for us because it is main vascular supply for eye and orbit/
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What does the external cartoid supply
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outside area of head and neck, and provides small portion of circulation to ocular adnexa
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Branches of the Basilar artery branches Supply what (3)
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1)Medulla oblongata
2)Spinal Cord 3) Cerebellum |
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The basilar artery eventually branches into 2 posterior cerebral arteries, what do these supply
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Temporal and Occipital Lobes of the Brain
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Describe the pathway of the internal carotid artery
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runs from the internal carotid fork upward through the neck and enters the skull through the carotid canal.
It then leaves and enters the cavernous sinus running forward along the medial wall and exits the roof of cinus between CN II and CN III Within this sinus CN VI is closly associated with the lateral border of the internal carotid. the vessel also assumes a s shape giving off three smaller arteries just before or just after leaving the sinus |
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what is the first branch of the internal carotid artery and when does it occur
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Opthalmic artery, usually just as the internal carotid emerges from thecavernous sinus.
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What type of nerves surround the internal carotid artery
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Sympathetic
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The Posterior Communicating Artery is: (3)
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the second branch of the internal carotid artery.
2) it runs parallel to CN III 3) Connects the internal carotid and basilar systems as part of the circle of willis, it courses backward to join with the Posterior Cerebral artery |
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Which Artery is the main blood supply to the globe and andexa?
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Opthalmic Artery
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How does the opthalmic Artery enter the Orbit?
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it enters within the dural shealth of the optic nerve and passes through the optic canal, below and lateral to the optic nerve.
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What are the 2 main branches of the opthalmic artery? and what do they supply
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Orbital- orbit/surrounding area
and Ocular eye and EOM |
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What are the orbital divisions of the OPthalmic Artery? (6)
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1) Lacrimal Artery
2) Supraorbital Artery 3) Ethmoidal-Anterior -Posterior -Medial 4)Muscular - Lateral - Medial 5) Supratrochlear 6)Dorsonasal |
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What do the 2 branches of the Muscular Artery and What do they supply?
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Lateral - LR SR SO Levator
Medial - MR IO IR |
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What are the ocular divisions of the OPthalmic Artery? (4)
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Central Retinal
Posterior Ciliaries Anterior |
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What does the central Retinal Artery Supply? and what is its pathway
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It supplies the inner retina
Pathway: it is one of the first branches of the opthalmic artery, parts just below the optic nerve, enters the sheath of the optic nerve about 12 mm behind globe providing prances to the nerve and pia. As the artery passes through the lamina cribosa, it enters the optic disk just nasal to the center, and brances superiorly and inferiorly. throughout the pathway it is surrounded by sympathetic nerves |
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The Posterior cilliary arteies branch into 2 types, what are they and what do they supply?
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1) Short ciliary arters (about 10-20) supply the optic disk and the choroid
2) Long ciliary Arteries (2) arteries enter the ciliary body and branch superiorly and inferiorly. amd supply the major circle of iris which in turn supplys the ciliary body (front part) and iris (anterior portion of eye) |
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What is one of the largest branches of the opthalmic Artery?
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Lacrimal Artery
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What does the Lacrimal artery branch into (3)?
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1) Recurrent Mennigal artery
2) Zygomaticotemporal and Zygomaticofacial arteries 3) Lateral Palpebral arteries |
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What muscle does the lacrimal artery supply branches to?
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LR
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Posterior ciliary arteries anastmose with each other and with _______. for the ______
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1) anterior ciliary arteries
2) major circle of the iris ( radial blood vessels within the eye) |
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What are the main divisions of the ethmoid artery, and (what do they supply)
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Anterior ( anterior and middle ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, frontal sinus and nasal cavity and skin of the nose)and posterior ( posterior ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus and brac\nches to the nasal cavity to supply the upper region of the neasal mucosa )ethmoid artery divisions
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What does the supraorbital artery supply?
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SO, SR, Levator within the orbit and upper lid skin and muscle of the forehead outside the orbit.
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What is the pathway of the supraorbital pathway?
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runs upward to a position above the EOM, turns anteriorly and runs with the supraorbital nerve, coming through the supraorbital notch
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How do the anterior ciliary arteries branch and what do they supply
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They branch of rteries supplying the EOM (recti) and exit the muscle near insertion, run forward along the tendons, loop inwards and pierce the sclera just outer to the limbus. Just before they send branches to the episcleara. these branches then enter the ciliary body where they contribute to the major circle of iris
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Which recti muscle has only one ciliary artery?
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LR
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Medial Palpebral arteris branch from what? (2)
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opthalmic artery directly or the dorsonasal artery
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Medial palpebral arteries anastomose with ________ and form the ______ and _______. which run along the marginal and peripheral tarsal plates respectively.
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1) branches of the lacrimal artery
2)Marginal Arcade 3) Peripheral Arcade |
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The supratrochlear artery is one of the_______ of the opthalmic artery and joins the ___ the opposite trochlear artery and the _______ of the external carotid. and is the main supply of the _______muscle.
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1) terminal branches
2) supraorbital artery 3) anterior temporal artery 4) obicularis muscle |
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Dorsonasal artery is the other terminal branch of the opthalmic artery and send vessels to the ________ beforee anastomosing with arters from the external carotid.
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lacrimal sac
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what are the names of the branches from the external carotid that supply ocular structures
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1) facial artery
2)superficial temporal artery 3) Maxillary artery |
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What branch of the superficial artery supplies the orbicularis muscle
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Zygomatic branch
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The Maxillary arteyr of the external carotid artery system supplies what ocular/orbital structures
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lower eyelid, lacrimal sac and while in the infraorbital canal, infraorbital artery supplies the IR, IO and maxillary sinus
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What is the circle of willis
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it is an arterial anastomosis at the base of the brain, it is a cerebral arterial circle which links the internal carotid with the basilar system
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what are the names of the branches from the external carotid that supply ocular structures
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1) facial artery
2)superficial temporal artery 3) Maxillary artery |
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What branch of the superficial artery supplies the orbicularis muscle
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Zygomatic branch
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The Maxillary arteyr of the external carotid artery system supplies what ocular/orbital structures
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lower eyelid, lacrimal sac and while in the infraorbital canal, infraorbital artery supplies the IR, IO and maxillary sinus
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What is the circle of willis
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it is an arterial anastomosis at the base of the brain, it is a cerebral arterial circle which links the internal carotid with the basilar system
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Which ocular structure lies within the circle of willis
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optic chaism
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what is unique about the ocular drainage system and how does it work
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the veins do not have valves, and therefore works on pressure gradients
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How many opthalmic veins are there? and where do they drain to primarily
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there are 2 superior and inferior opthalmic veins, they drain into the cavernous sinus
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Which vein receives blood from superior orbital structures
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superior opthalmic vein
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which veins drain into the superior opthalmic vein (4)
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1. anterior and posterior vein
2. lacrimal vein 3. central retinal vein 4. upper vortex vein |
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what drains into the inferior opthlmic vein (4)
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1. lower and lateral muscles
2. inferior conjunctiva 3. lacrimal sac 4. lower vortex veins |
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What is the pathway of the central retinal artery
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leaves optic nerve behind the lamina cribosa with the central retinal artery, and emmerges from the sheath of the optic nerve and drain into the cavernous sinus directly or joins the superior opthalmic vein.
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how many vortex veins are there and what do they drain?
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4-5, they drain the choroid
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what other veins exist (with ocular purpose)? (4)
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1. infraorbital vein
2.central retinal vein 3. anterior ciliary vein 4. vortex vein |
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What is the cavernous sinus
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large venous channel formed by splitting the dura matter on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone, it extends from the medial end of SOF and runs tp the petrous portion of the temporal bone
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What lies within the cavernous sinus
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iternal carotid and CN VI are located medially within the sinus. CN III the opthlmic nerve and maxillary nerves are found within the lateral wall of the sinus
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where does the cavernous sinus drain to in the end
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internal jugular vein
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how is the retinal blood supply organized
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retinal arteries and veins travel through nerve head but split once within the eye breaking the retina into quadrants
. 2 supplied bythe superior and inferior temporal arcades . and 2 supplies dy the superior and inferior nasal vessels |
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the upper vortex vein drains into _______ where the loer vortex veins drain into ______
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1. superior opthalmic vein (long with lacrimal and ethmoid)
2.Inferior Opthalmic vein |
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What are three types of systemic venous channels
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1. superficial- lie just beneath the skin
2.deep veins- occupy principle arteries usually with the same name. 3. cranial venous sinus- only within the skull (separations of dura matter layers) |
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internal jugular collects blood from where
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brain
eyes superficial parts of the face and neck |
