Af 236 Exam 2

Front 1

Dominant profitable peasant cash-crop in Cote d'Ivoire, Angola, Tanganyika, Uganda, and eastern Belgian Congo.

Back 1

Coffee

Front 2

How did French and British colonial rule differ?

Back 2

the French practiced direct rule while the British practiced indirect rule

Front 3

Which phrase best describes the term balance of trade?

Back 3

The difference between how much a country imports and how much it exports

Front 4

In his book, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (1922), Frederick Lugard outline a theory of colonial administration in which the British made us of traditional African rulers at the local government level. This type of colonial rule is referred to as

Back 4

indirect rule

Front 5

African peasant farmers subject to colonial taxation fell into what Shillington calls the poverty trap. What is the poverty trap?

Back 5

Prices paid for exports to African producers by European colonial economic institutions were kept low while the prices demanded for imports by those same European merchant companies were as low as possible

Front 6

Which imperial power predominantly relied on sultans, chiefs, or other local rulers to govern their colonies?

Back 6

the French

Front 7

Principal export crop of Gold Coast and south-western Nigeria

Back 7

Cocoa

Front 8

While Africans were forced off their land in Kenya and Rhodesia to allow for white settlers to own and occupy most of the best arable land and required to live on 'reserves', only about ___% of the white owned land was ever actually cultivated.

Back 8

10

Front 9

In the British colonies of Kenya and Rhodesia, the black African peasant farmers and the white European colony settlers received training in marketing and cash subsidies in order to grow their farming businesses.

Back 9

False

Front 10

Under the colonial rule, African industrial self-sufficiency was undermined by

Back 10

the importation of mass produced, European manufactured cloth & metal goods

Front 11

During the 1920s and 1930s, African peasants began using more and more land for cash-crop to pay for imports that they had become dependent upon under the rules of the system of colonial trade. In Niger in 1931, famine killed nearly half the population in certain areas. Why?

Back 11

All of the above

Front 12

The 15 million people of France's topical African empire were classified as sujets ('subjects') and as such were

Back 12

denied legal and political rights

Front 13

Between 1910 and 1940, the successive white governments of the Union of South Africa

Back 13

passed a series of laws which imposed a system of racial segregation in the country

Front 14

During the Second World War, the British pressured African soldiers to fight while the French relied on forced conscription to supply men for war. Recent research shows that between 1943 and 1945 over____ soldiers were conscripted from French West Africa.

Back 14

100,000

Front 15

In May 1936, Haile Selassie addressed the General Assembly of the League of Nations in Geneva where he argued that their inaction during the 8 months of Italian aggression against Ethiopia challenged the integrity of the organization. However, British policy did not change until

Back 15

de Gualle promised a 'new deal' for the subjects of the French African territories at a Free French conference held at Brazzaville in 1944

Front 16

The Second World War was fought on African soil in all of the following countries except for

Back 16

Cape Verde

Front 17

In September 1939, African colonies were once more drawn into European conflict which was not of their making. What conflict were they drawn into?

Back 17

World War II

Front 18

Italians were able to seize Ethiopian territory because they

Back 18

had the military advantage of aeroplanes, armoured cars, and modern artillery

Front 19

By the 1930s, which African state, with the exception of Liberia, had not come under some form of European control?

Back 19

Ethiopia

Front 20

At the battle of Adwa in 1896

Back 20

Ethiopia's ability to successfully defend against the imperialist imperatives of the 'Scramble for Africa' was demonstrated

Front 21

During the Second World War, African village chiefs organized the cultivation of special fields for growing extra food for the war effort.

Back 21

False

Front 22

After World War II, which severely weakened country was forced to pull back dramatically from global commitments?

Back 22

none of the above

Front 23

In 1941, ____________lead a force of Ethiopian Patriots to defeat the Italians after they invaded his country in October 1935 and preserved its independence.

Back 23

Ras Tafari (aka Halie Selassie)

Front 24

In many parts of Africa European governments used concessionary companies to colonize their new empires. All of the following are concessionary companies except for

Back 24

the Dutch East India Company

Front 25

What contributed to King Leopold's decision to turn over his colony in the Congo to the Belgian government?

Back 25

All of the above

Front 26

During the first World War (1914-18), the French recruited more than ___________ west Africans to fight their war in Europe.

Back 26

150,000

Front 27

Africans persistently resisted concessionary exploitation and foreign occupation and domination by European imperial powers.

Back 27

True

Front 28

The destruction of the First World War caused severe hardship to the rural peoples of both west and east Africa. Out of the estimated one million Kenyan and Tanzanians who served as porters for the armies, the number of deaths due to disease, malnutrition or overwork is thought to be

Back 28

100,000

Front 29

Effects of World War I on Africa: Influenza struck vast areas of east, west, and central Africa after World War I in 1918-19, particularly in areas where people were already weakened by warfare, hunger or poor working conditions. It is estimated that these regions of Africa lost approximately ___of their population.

Back 29

3%

Front 30

Until 1908, who owned the Congo?

Back 30

King Leopold II of Belgium

Front 31

The independent African church movement of the early 20th century can be seen as an early expression of African nationalist sentiment against European colonialism.

Back 31

True

Front 32

The dominant cash crop, that is the main export crop sold to European agents for cash to pay colonial tax and purchase imported European manufactured goods, of northern Nigeria and Senegal

Back 32

groundnuts

Front 33

For both World War I and World War II, most of the troops fighting on either side of the war in Africa were in fact

Back 33

all of the above

Front 34

The prominent large white settlement colony of Kenya was favored by the British because the highlands east of Lake Victoria Nyanza offered

Back 34

temperate climate

Front 35

Europeans and their governments regarded Africa as

Back 35

a source of raw materials and a market for manufactured goods

Front 36

These entities would 'open up' German, French, Belgian and Portuguese colonial territories, set up a rudimentary administration, invest in railways and introduce Africans to cash economy.

Back 36

Concessionary companies

Front 37

African peasant farmers often started growing cash crops for export under pressure from

Back 37

colonial cash taxation

Front 38

Colonial territory of South West Africa is encompassed in this modern state

Back 38

Namibia

Front 39

From 1890s to 1900s, the main object of concessionary exploitation in the tropical forest regions of Africa was

Back 39

rubber

Front 40

Former German colonies

Back 40

all of the above

Front 41

Maji Maji

Back 41

all of the above

Front 42

Between 1901 and 1908, African people within this region engaged in a series of wars of resistance with the British in an effort to defend their land and freedom.

Back 42

Kenya

Front 43

The Herero and the Nama people live in the region of modern

Back 43

Namibia

Front 44

De Beers Consolidated Mines was established here during the late 1880s and diamonds were mined at The Big Hole. What is the name of this city?

Back 44

Kimberley

Front 45

What weapon helped the Europeans imperial agents subdue African resistance and rebellions?

Back 45

the Maxim machine gun

Front 46

The Yao, Makonde, and Makua peoples resisted the imposition of colonial rule in Mozambique.

Back 46

True

Front 47

Which two oceans are found on South Africa's coastline?

Back 47

Atlantic and Indian

Front 48

British missionaries played an active part in

Back 48

all of the above

Front 49

Battle of Isandhlwana

Back 49

Lead by King Cetswyo, the Zulu army overran the British

Front 50

The pastoralist economies of the Nama and Herero were undermined and eventually destroyed by Germans extending control over most of the territory of 'South West Africa'. Germans claimed to be protesting the interests of German missionaries and traders.

Back 50

True

Front 51

The richest known diamond-bearing territory in the world was discovered

Back 51

in early 1870s

Front 52

Cecil Rhodes was

Back 52

a leading British imperialist who amassed a enormous fortune by commandeering, controlling, extracting and selling precious minerals located in southern Africa

Front 53

The southern African city of Johannesburg experienced massive industrial development during the 1880s as a result of the discovery of gold at the Witwatersrand in the central Transvaal.

Back 53

True

Front 54

During the 1880s, one company, the De Beers, grew to dominate all other diamond mining companies. This monopoly was owned and led by

Back 54

Cecil Rhodes

Front 55

By 1800, the Dutch Afrikaners in South Africa had established

Back 55

a settler colony based on slavery and white supremacy

Front 56

During the 1870s, the British-dominated federation of white-controlled states in southern Africa systematically planned and executed to destruction of independent African kingdoms in the region, in particular the Zulu, the Xhosa, and the Pedi.

Back 56

True

Front 57

Bechuanaland is the modern African state of

Back 57

Namibia

Front 58

The Ndebele king Lobengula of the Zimbabwe plateau wanted war with the British and immediately applied the military option in his attempt to resolve the conflict over Rhodes claim to the land and cattle of his people.

Back 58

False

Front 59

What nation dominated overseas trade and colonial conquest in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Back 59

Britain

Front 60

Which of the following was not an economic motivation for colonialism?

Back 60

All of the above

Front 61

From 1880s onwards, Europeans exploited Africans in the following ways except for

Back 61

looking upon them with contempt.

Front 62

Who was the Prime Minister of Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896?

Back 62

Cecil Rhodes

Front 63

In what year did the former Boer republics and British colonies join into a single 'Union of South Africa?

Back 63

1910