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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Humidity
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Potential Humidity
• Determined by temperature of gas Saturated • When the gas has reached it's potential at that temperature Absolute Humidity • Amount of water weight held in the gas (mg/L) |
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Relative Humidity
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Absolute humidity
___________________ *100 Potential humidity |
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Alveolar gas
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•At 37 degrees Celsius alveolar gas holds approximately 44mg/L of humidity
• At 37 degrees Celsius and 100% RH the pressure exerted by water vapor is 44mmHg |
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Humidity deficit
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Amount in alveolar gas minus the amount of humidity inspired from room air
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Humidity deficit
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Amount in alveolar gas minus the amount of humidity inspired from room air
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Absolute water vapor content
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44
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Humidity deficit
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Amount in alveolar gas minus the amount of humidity inspired from room air
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Absolute water vapor content
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44
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Inadequate humidification can cause
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• Decreased cilia activity
• Decreased movement of mucus • Inflammation of necrosis of pulmonary epithelium •Retention of secretions • Bacterial culture media • Atelectasis • Pneumonia |
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Humidity deficit
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Amount in alveolar gas minus the amount of humidity inspired from room air
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Absolute water vapor content
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44
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Inadequate humidification can cause
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• Decreased cilia activity
• Decreased movement of mucus • Inflammation of necrosis of pulmonary epithelium •Retention of secretions • Bacterial culture media • Atelectasis • Pneumonia |
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Indications for humidification
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• To prevent dry gas from drying mucosa
• To provide nearby body humidity when the upper airway function is impaired |
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Clinical application
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If you increase the temp of a gas you will increase the potential humidity of the gas thus decreasing it's RH and vice versa
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Temp/ RH
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As temp increases the RH decreases
As the temp decreases the RH increases |
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Temp/ RH
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As temp increases the RH decreases
As the temp decreases the RH increases |
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What is aersol
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• Water para tickets suspended in air
• Particulate water in a gas • Mist • Fog |
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Temp/ RH
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As temp increases the RH decreases
As the temp decreases the RH increases |
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What is aersol
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• Water para tickets suspended in air
• Particulate water in a gas • Mist • Fog |
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Factors affecting aerosol
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• Concentration
• Number of particles • Relative humidity • More particles bump together |
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Bland Aerosol
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No medications use saline or sterile water
• Saline is for sputum induction |
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Bland Aerosol
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No medications use saline or sterile water
• Saline is for sputum induction |
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Indications for aerosol
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• Thin secretions
• Improve cough • Deliver meds • Humidification of artificial airways |
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Bland Aerosol
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No medications use saline or sterile water
• Saline is for sputum induction |
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Indications for aerosol
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• Thin secretions
• Improve cough • Deliver meds • Humidification of artificial airways |
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Passover
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Gas passes across the surface of water which may be heated
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Bland Aerosol
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No medications use saline or sterile water
• Saline is for sputum induction |
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Indications for aerosol
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• Thin secretions
• Improve cough • Deliver meds • Humidification of artificial airways |
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Passover
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Gas passes across the surface of water which may be heated
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Bubble diffuser
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• Gas forced through straw under water
• Usually deliver approx 40% RH at body temp or less • Used with cannula to prevent dry gas from being delivered |
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Bland Aerosol
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No medications use saline or sterile water
• Saline is for sputum induction |
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Indications for aerosol
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• Thin secretions
• Improve cough • Deliver meds • Humidification of artificial airways |
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Passover
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Gas passes across the surface of water which may be heated
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Bubble diffuser
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• Gas forced through straw under water
• Usually deliver approx 40% RH at body temp or less • Used with cannula to prevent dry gas from being delivered |
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Jet
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• Use Bernoulli principle to draw up tube
• Actually produces an aerosol that is baffled out not usually heated |
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Aerosol Clearance Methods
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• Mobilization of mucous blanket
• Cough • Lymphatic uptake • Phagocytes • Mechanical suctioning |
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Bland Aerosol
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No medications use saline or sterile water
• Saline is for sputum induction |
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Indications for aerosol
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• Thin secretions
• Improve cough • Deliver meds • Humidification of artificial airways |
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Passover
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Gas passes across the surface of water which may be heated
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Bubble diffuser
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• Gas forced through straw under water
• Usually deliver approx 40% RH at body temp or less • Used with cannula to prevent dry gas from being delivered |
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Jet
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• Use Bernoulli principle to draw up tube
• Actually produces an aerosol that is baffled out not usually heated |
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Heated Cascade
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• Use a grid network to spread thin layer of water trough which the gas passes before delivery to patient
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Wick
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• Heater at or near body temp surrounds absorbent paper which soaks up water from the bottoms of humidifier
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HME
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• Collects and uses patients on heat and exhaled humidity to condition the inhalation that follows
• Goes in line with patient vent circuit |
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Babbington
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• Bernoulli principle
• Gas enters hollow gas sphere with hole in side of it • Particles~ 3-5 microns |
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Babbington
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• Bernoulli principle
• Gas enters hollow gas sphere with hole in side of it • Particles~ 3-5 microns |
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Ultrasonic (USN)
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Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (vibration)
• 90% of particles 0.5 to 3 microns • High output up to 6cc/min |
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Spinning Disk
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• Use rotating platter
• Delivers ~ 25-75% relative humidity |
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Spinning Disk
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• Use rotating platter
• Delivers ~ 25-75% relative humidity |
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Nebulizers Admin Devices
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• Masks
• Tent • Croupette |
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Spinning Disk
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• Use rotating platter
• Delivers ~ 25-75% relative humidity |
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Nebulizers Admin Devices
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• Masks
• Tent • Croupette |
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Nebulizers general considerations
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• 44mg/L is target value for 100% effective large volume Neb
• Therapeutic range of aerosol particle is between 0.5-3 microns |
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Spinning Disk
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• Use rotating platter
• Delivers ~ 25-75% relative humidity |
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Nebulizers Admin Devices
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• Masks
• Tent • Croupette |
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Nebulizers general considerations
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• 44mg/L is target value for 100% effective large volume Neb
• Therapeutic range of aerosol particle is between 0.5-3 microns |
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Postural Drainage
( Contraindications) |
• Empyema
• Flail Chest • Wounds • Spinal Injuries • Pneumothorax • Uncontrolled Airway • Head Injuries head down would cause increase intracranial pressure |
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Spinning Disk
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• Use rotating platter
• Delivers ~ 25-75% relative humidity |
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Nebulizers Admin Devices
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• Masks
• Tent • Croupette |
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Nebulizers general considerations
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• 44mg/L is target value for 100% effective large volume Neb
• Therapeutic range of aerosol particle is between 0.5-3 microns |
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Postural Drainage
( Contraindications) |
• Empyema
• Flail Chest • Wounds • Spinal Injuries • Pneumothorax • Uncontrolled Airway • Head Injuries head down would cause increase intracranial pressure |
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Percussion
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• Clopping of the chest wall via hands or mechanical means to cause vibrations to loosen secretions for a more productive cough and or postural drainage
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Spinning Disk
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• Use rotating platter
• Delivers ~ 25-75% relative humidity |
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Nebulizers Admin Devices
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• Masks
• Tent • Croupette |
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Nebulizers general considerations
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• 44mg/L is target value for 100% effective large volume Neb
• Therapeutic range of aerosol particle is between 0.5-3 microns |
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Postural Drainage
( Contraindications) |
• Empyema
• Flail Chest • Wounds • Spinal Injuries • Pneumothorax • Uncontrolled Airway • Head Injuries head down would cause increase intracranial pressure |
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Percussion
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• Clopping of the chest wall via hands or mechanical means to cause vibrations to loosen secretions for a more productive cough and or postural drainage
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Percussion Techniques
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• Avoid sternum,spine and any bony protrusions
• Avoid breast tissue in females, pacemakers,EKGs,catheters etc |
