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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens to pyruvate when O2 is present vs when it isn't? |
-O2 present, pyruvate enters mitochondria to enter aerobic pathways - No O2, pyruvate becomes lactate |
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Name the four benefits of aerobic metabolism |
1) No acidic conditions within muscle cell 2) Higher ATP yield 3) Can use carbs AND fats (wider substrate use) 4) Waste products are H2O and CO2 (easily used or exhaled) |
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What is the primary source of energy at rest? |
Aerobic metabolism |
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What are the two enzymatic systems involved in Aerobic metabolism |
- Kerbs cycle - Electron transport chain (ETC) |
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What is the function of the Krebs cycle? |
- oxidize substrate (remove H+ and electrons) - produces small amount of ATP |
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What is the function of the Electron Transport Chain? |
- produce the majority of ATP during aerobic metabolism |
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What acts as the final H+/electron receptor at the end of the ETC |
O2 from the air, forms H2O |
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What enzyme starts the Krebs cycle? |
acetyl coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA) |
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What is another name for the Krebs cycle? |
Citric Acid Cycle (TCA) |
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What are the products of Krebs cycle from one glucose molecule? |
2 ATP, 4 CO2, 6 NADH 2 FADH2 |
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What is the role of NAD+ / NADH? |
Electron carrier from one reaction to another |
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Breakdown of Pyruvate in aerobic conditions forms what enzyme? |
Acetyl- CoA |
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What is a Cytochrome? |
An electron transferring protein found in the ETC |
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What does Phosphorylate mean? |
Addition of phosphate to ADP to form ATP |
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What does the respiratory assemblies accomplish? |
The moving of H+ ions from inner to outer membranes activates enzyme ATP synthase which phosphorylates ADP to ATP (caused by kinetic energy) |
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What is the final receptor of the ETC? |
O2, which forms H2O and prevents acidity increasing allowing ETC to continue |
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What molecule continues the Krebs cycle? |
Oxaloacetate |
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How do electrons travel? |
down their electronegativity gradient |
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How many ATP are gained from ETC |
28 |
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How many ATP are gained overall from Aerobic metabolism? |
32 from glucose or 33 from glycogen |
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What are the fuel sources during low intensity and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise |
low intensity - Blood glucose Moderate intensity - Blood glucose and intramuscular glycogen |
