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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What characterizes steady airflow?
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At one point, constant static pressure, density, temperature, and velocity
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What is a streamline?
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path that air particles follow in steady airflow
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What is a streamtube?
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Collection of adjacent streamlines (closed system)
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What is the equation for mass flow?
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ρ * A * V
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What is the continuity equation?
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ρ * A * V = ρ * A * V
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What is the simplified continuity equation?
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A1 * V1 = A2 * V2
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What is the relationship between velocity and area in a streamtube?
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Inverse
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What does bernoulli's equation give?
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Relationship between pressure and velocity of steady airflow
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What is static pressure?
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Measure of potential energy per unit volume
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What is dynamic pressure (q)?
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Kinetic Energy - pressure of fluid resulting from motion
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What is the equation for dynamic pressure?
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q = 1/2 * ρ * V^2
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What is total pressure?
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Sum of static and dynamic pressure, constant in a closed system
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How is airspeed measured using Bernoulli's equation?
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q = P(T) - P(S)
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What is indicated airspeed (IAS)?
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Instrument indication of dynamic pressure airplane is exposed to during flight
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What is instrument error caused by?
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Static pressure port acumulating erroneous static pressure (such as slipstream flow)
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What is calibrated airspeed (CAS)?
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IAS corrected for instrument error
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What is compressibility error caused by?
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Ram effect of air in pitot tube which results in higher than normal airspeed indications at airspeeds approaching speed of sound
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What is equivalent airspeed (EAS)?
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TAS at sea level at standard conditions that produces the same dynamic pressure as actual flight condition
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How is EAS found?
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Correcting calibrated airspeed for compressibility error
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What is true airspeed (TAS)?
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Actual velocity through the air
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How is TAS found?
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Assuming EAS = IAS: IAS corrected for non-standard density
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What is the equation for TAS (assuming EAS=IAS)?
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TAS = (ρ0/ρ)^0.5 * IAS
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When does TAS equal IAS?
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Under standard day, sea level conditions
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What is rule of thumb for TAS - IAS relationship?
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TAS = IAS + 3 knots / thousand feet
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What is the mnemonic device for order of airspeeds?
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ICE-TG
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What is the Mach number equation?
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M = TAS / LSOS
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What is the critical Mach number - M(CRIT)?
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Free airstreem Mach number that produces the first evidence of local sonic flow
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What happens to TAS and Mach No. during a constant IAS climb?
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TAS: increase
Mach No.: increase |
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What happens to IAS and Mach No. during a constant TAS climb?
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IAS: decrease
Mach No.: increase |
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What happens to IAS and TAS during a constant Mach No. climb?
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IAS: decrease
TAS: decrease |
