Ae 102

Front 1

The force of Earths gravity acting on a mass is called

Back 1

Weight

Front 2

Lift is _____.

Back 2

the AERODYNAMIC force that acts against weight

Front 3

The force produced by a jet engine or engine/prop combo is called ___.

Back 3

Thrust

Front 4

Drag is ____.

Back 4

The AERODYNAMIC force that acts against thrust and retards aircraft motion

Front 5

What is equilibrium?

Back 5

The absence of linear or angular acceleration

Front 6

Does an aircraft have to be in straight and level flight to be in equilibrium?

Back 6

No. In a climb or descent it can when lift equals the perpendicular component of weight and thrust equal to the parallel component of weight.

Front 7

Give two examples of accelerated flight.

Back 7

takeoffs and turns

Front 8

The resultant of pressure and friction distribution over an airfoil is called ____.

Back 8

Aerodynamic force

Front 9

To achieve lift on a positive cambered airfoil, static pressure above the wing is more or less than below the wing.

Back 9

Less

Front 10

Name the eight factors that affect lift

Back 10

density, velocity, surface area, angle of attack, shape of the airfoil, aspect ratio, viscosity, and compressability

Front 11

An increase in ____, ____, and ______ produces greater lift

Back 11

velocity, density, and surface area

Front 12

What factors do you have no control over

Back 12

viscosity, compressability, and aspect ratio

Front 13

Does Cl increase or decrease with an increasing AOA

Back 13

Increase

Front 14

The corresponding AOA at Clmax is called the ______

Back 14

critical AOA

Front 15

If you increase AOA beyond the critical AOA, you will find a decrease in CL due to

Back 15

boundary layer separation (stall)

Front 16

As AOA increases what will the pilot have to do to velocity to maintain straight and level?

Back 16

decrease velocity

Front 17

What is a symmetric airfoil?

Back 17

identical changes in static pressure above and below the wing. NO LIFT

Front 18

Aerodynamic twist is____.

Back 18

a decrease in camber from the wing root to the wing tip

Front 19

Why is aerodynamic twist important?

Back 19

wing stalls at the root before the tip

Front 20

Geometric twist is _____

Back 20

a decrease in the angle of incidence from the root to tip. Root ALWAYS greater AOA than tip…Root ALWAYS stalls first

Front 21

Can drag ever be zero?

Back 21

No

Front 22

As AOA increases what happens to drag?

Back 22

It increases rapidly.

Front 23

What is parasite drag?

Back 23

Drag NOT ASSOCIATED with the production of lift

Front 24

What are the three types of parasite drag?

Back 24

Form drag, friction drag, and interference drag

Front 25

What type of parasite drage results from the separation of airflow from a surface and the wake created by that separation?

Back 25

Form drag

Front 26

How can form drag be decreased?

Back 26

By exposing smooth edges to the relative wind . This decreases static pressure on the leading edge, minimizing low pressure wake

Front 27

What type of drag is caused by turbulent airflow in the boundary layer?

Back 27

Friction drag

Front 28

How can friction drag be minimized?

Back 28

paint, wax, cleaning the wing but wing CANNOT be completely smooth b/c of boundary layer separation.

Front 29

What is caused by mixing airstreams between aircraft components?

Back 29

Interference drag

Front 30

How can interference drag be minimized?

Back 30

Proper fairing and filleting to smooth out points where airstreams meet

Front 31

What is induced drag?

Back 31

Drag associated with the production of lift

Front 32

Increasing velocity ______ induced drag.

Back 32

decreases

Front 33

Spanwise flow mixes with _______ flow to create downwash at the trailing edge.

Back 33

chordwise

Front 34

downwash PLUS relative wind gives you the ___ ___ ____

Back 34

actual relative wind

Front 35

Actual relative wind flows over the wing at a _____ AOA than expected due to spanwise downwash

Back 35

smaller

Front 36

Component of total lift ____ to the theoretical relative wind is induced drag

Back 36

parallel

Front 37

As weight increases, induced drag _____.

Back 37

Increases (heavier aircraft require more lift for level flight)

Front 38

Induced drag can be minimized by

Back 38

increasing ensity, velocity, or wingspan (also with winglets, tip tanks, and missile rails)

Front 39

In level flight where lift is constant, drag varies ___ with velocity and _____ with AOA

Back 39

inversly; directly

Front 40

Total drag is

Back 40

induced drag plus parasite drag

Front 41

On the drag curve are minimum drag and L/Dmax at the same pont

Back 41

yes

Front 42

What is L/Dmax?

Back 42

Where the ratio of lift to drag is greatest

Front 43

Why are we concernd about L/D

Back 43

b/c its used to determine the efficiency of the wing (High L/D=efficient wing)

Front 44

L/D max has the what properties?

Back 44

minimum total drag, parasite and induced drag are equal, greatest ratio of lift to drag, and most efficient AOA for the wing

Front 45

What reduces induced drag and increases effective lift when the aircraft is within one wingspan of the ground?

Back 45

ground effect (downwash at the trailing edge is blocked by ground)

Front 46

Thust is power ____

Back 46

available

Front 47

is prop efficiency ever 100%

Back 47

NO (efficiency determind by dividing THP by SHP)

Front 48

Are props more or less efficent as altitude increases

Back 48

Less

Front 49

What kid of prop increases blade angle wile keeping a constant RPM

Back 49

Variable pitch prop

Front 50

As you increase airspeed past L/Dmax, you must _____ AOA

Back 50

decrease

Front 51

Reduction of AOA reduces _____ drag but ____ drag ______ requiring additional thrust for straight and level.

Back 51

induced; parasite

Front 52

As you decrease airspeed to less than L/Dmax you must ____ AOA for straight and level

Back 52

Increase

Front 53

When you have an increase in induced drag, you have greater total drag which means you have _____ thrust required

Back 53

greater

Front 54

Thrust available is ___.

Back 54

amount of thrust produce by the engine

Front 55

As TAS increases, thrust available ____.

Back 55

decreases

Front 56

Thust excess occurs when ___.

Back 56

Thrust available is greater than thrust required

Front 57

Depending on AOA thrust excess will cause ____.

Back 57

a climb, acceleration, or both

Front 58

Max excess thrust occurs at ____.

Back 58

full PCL at a velocity less than L/Dmax

Front 59

The amount of power an engine is producing at full pcl is ___.

Back 59

power available

Front 60

As TAS increases power available __.

Back 60

increases then decreases because of loss of thrust

Front 61

Min power required for level flight is ____.

Back 61

at a speed less than L/Dmax

Front 62

Max power excess occurs at

Back 62

L/Dmax

Front 63

increasing weight does what to power required and thrust required?

Back 63

increases both

Front 64

Increasing altitude will have do what to thrust and power required?

Back 64

increases both

Front 65

Thust available and power available are ____ with an increase in altitude

Back 65

Less

Front 66

When you roll right, you right aileron goes ___ and your left aileron moves ____

Back 66

up; down

Front 67

in a right turn, your right aileron becomes a ______ symmetric airfoil, ____ lift on that side

Back 67

more; decreasing

Front 68

In a right turn as the left aileron lowers, camber ____ creating _____ lift on the left wing

Back 68

increases; more

Front 69

a neutral elevator/horizontal stab is what kind of airfoil?

Back 69

symmetric

Front 70

If we pull the nose of the aircraft up, the elevator moves ____

Back 70

down

Front 71

Downward movement of the elevator creates ___ camber and lift in the ______ direction from the wing lift vector

Back 71

negative; opposite

Front 72

Is the rudder a symmetric or asymmetric airfoil?

Back 72

symmetric

Front 73

If you push the left rudder pedal, the rudder moves ____ causing ____ camber on the vertical stab on the right side of the aircraft

Back 73

left, positive

Front 74

By pressing on the left rudder pedal, the veritcal stab flies ____, which moves the tail ____ and the nose _____

Back 74

right; right, left

Front 75

This type of flap is hinged and produces positive camber when extended

Back 75

Plain

Front 76

A plate directed downward from the lower surface of the wing is called a ___ flap

Back 76

split

Front 77

this type of flap moves away from the wing to open a narrow slot between the flap and wing

Back 77

slotted

Front 78

What is a fowler flap

Back 78

moves downward to increase camber and aft to increase surface area. Used on larger a/c

Front 79

When are slotted leading edge flaps best used?

Back 79

at high AOA because separtion is delayed and stall speed is decrease as air flows through the opening to the upper surface

Front 80

Flaps ___ lift

Back 80

increase

Front 81

By using flaps for takeoff and landing you achieve what?

Back 81

a flatter pitch--makes it easier to see ahead

Front 82

Up to 50% flap setting you have _____ lift than drag

Back 82

more

Front 83

Flaps 50%-100% ___ drag without a beneficial increase in lift

Back 83

increases (you get a steeper approach, better vis, and require a high power setting with this flap range)

Front 84

Extending the gear causes an _____ in parasite drag

Back 84

increase