Advanced Patho - Ch. 34

Front 1

What parts make up the pulmonary system?

Back 1

Upper and lower airways, 2 lungs, the chest wall, the diaphragm, and pulmonary circulation

Front 2

What is the primary function of the pulmonary system?

Back 2

The exchange of gases between the environmental air and the blood

Front 3

What are the 3 steps involved in gas exchange?

Back 3

(1) ventilation, the movement of air into and out of the lungs

(2) diffusion, the movement of gases between air spaces in the lungs and the bloodstream

(3) perfusion, the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs to body organs and tissues

Front 4

How many lobes are in each lung?

Back 4

Right side = 3

Left side = 2

Front 5

Space between the lungs, which contains the heart, great vessels, and esophagus

Back 5

Mediastinum

Front 6

Bronchi

Back 6

Deliver air to each section of the lung

Front 7

Diaphragm

Back 7

A dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is involved in ventilation

Front 8

Conducting airways

Back 8

The portion of the pulmonary system that provides a passage for the movement of air into and out of the gas-exchange portions of the lung

Front 9

Larynx

Back 9

- Connects the upper and lower airways.

- Aids in swallowing, respiration, and vocalization.

Front 10

Trachea

Back 10

Connects to the larynx and turns into the two main bronchi.

Front 11

Carina

Back 11

Point at which the trachea divides into the two main bronchi

Front 12

Which lung is more likely to experience aspiration and why?

Back 12

The right lung because the bronchus is larger and more vertical on that side.

Front 13

Hila

Back 13

Point where the bronchi enter the lungs

Front 14

What structures make up the gas-exchange airways?

Back 14

Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli (combined are known as acinus).

Front 15

What happens in the gas-exchange airway?

Back 15

O2 enters the blood and CO2 is removed from the blood.

Front 16

Alveoli

Back 16

Primary gas exchange units of the lungs

Front 17

Surfactant

Back 17

A lipoprotein that coats the inner surface of the alveolus and facilitates its expansion during inspiration, lowers alveolar surface tension at end-expiration, and, thereby, prevents lung collapse.

Also helps control lung inflammation and innate and adaptive immunity.