Advanced Medical Life Support

Front 1

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Encephalitis

Back 1

S/S: fever, flu like symptoms, photophobia, lethargy, altered loc, stiff neck
Tx: place mask on them, follow local protocol.

Front 2

NEUROLOGIC:
Epidural Hematoma

Back 2

blood between the inner table of the skull and the Dura Mater. Usually caused by trauma, and is nearly always a skull fracture, usually in the area of the middle meningeal artery of the skull.
-may or may not have LOC, or may lose consciousness and then awaken for a period of time until they go unresponsive.
-severe headache, ams, n/v, unilateral dilated pupil.

Front 3

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Epidural Hematoma

Back 3

a. s/s – coma, decerebrate posturing, one pupil fixed and dilated on the side of the injury
b. tx - supportive care, transport, pt will probably need surgery

Front 4

NEUROLOGIC:
Subdural Hematoma

Back 4

blood between the Arachnoid Membrane of the Dura Mater. the hematoma may be acute, subacute, or chronic. The patient may present with a LOC, or amnesia, headache, and weakness. (20% Mortality)
BLOOD BELOW THE INNER LAYER OF THE DURA MATER

Front 5

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Subdural Hematoma

Back 5

a. s/s – stiff neck in the presence of sudden onset of an explosive headache
i. stiff neck is in association with irritation of the meninges from the bleeding

Front 6

NEUROLOGIC:
Guillian Barre Syndrome

Back 6

a. Progressive muscle weakness and paralysis move up the body from the feet, can result in ineffective breathing if the paralysis reaches the diaphragm

Front 7

NEUROLOGIC:
Sub-Arachnoid Hemorrhage

Back 7

A kind of hemorrhagic stroke that occurs when arteries on the brain's surface bleed into the subarachnoid space, the area between the pia mater and the arachnoid.
-should be suspected in patients who have a sudden onset of severe EXPLOSIVE headache, LOC and elevated BP.

Front 8

NEUROLOGIC:
Lou Gherigs Disease (ALS)

Back 8

-disease of the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movement
-Strikes the voluntary motor neurons

-last years of Lou's life he lost voluntary muscle movement

Front 9

NEUROLOGIC:
Korsakoff Syndrome

Back 9

a. Chronic and irreversible condition involving cognitive dysfunction, especially memory loss, due to prolonged THIAMINE deficiency

Front 10

NEUROLOGIC:
Meningitis

Back 10

a. s/s - upper resp infection, headache, nuchal rigidity, fever and chills, photophobia, vomiting, seizures, confusion, kernig and brudzinski sign.
b. Tx - mask for them and you, supportive, follow up. If bacterial, pmdc may need to go on antibiotics.

-Bacterial is the worst!
-Viral Meningitis is not communicable!!!

Front 11

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Meningitis

Back 11

a. s/s - upper resp infection, headache, nuchal rigidity, fever and chills, photophobia, vomiting, seizures, confusion, kernig and brudzinski sign.
b. Tx - mask for them and you, supportive, follow up. If bacterial, pmdc may need to go on antibiotics.

Front 12

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the complications of Meningitis

Back 12

(older children and adults)- lethargy, recurring headaches, difficulty in concentration, short-term memory loss, clumsiness, balance problems, depression, aggression, mood swings, learning difficulty

Front 13

NEUROLOGIC:
Kernings Sign

Back 13

Positive sign when the leg is flexed at the hip and knee and subsequent extension of the knee is painful, leading to resistance and flexion of the torso. A possible sign for MENINGITIS.

-kernel sanders has meningitis and is in pain when on his back and another guy brings his legs to sky.

Front 14

NEUROLOGIC:
Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Back 14

a. s/s – hypertension, pulse and respiration changes, altered LOC, stiff neck or headache, weakness, gaze deviation, motor control problems, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, vertigo, abnormal eye movements

Front 15

NEUROLOGIC:
Brudzinski Sign

Back 15

Involuntary flexing of the legs in response to flexing of the neck. A possible sign—MENINGEAL IRRITATION

-bud bundy does crunches involuntarily by flexing his neck (hands behind head)

Front 16

NEUROLOGIC:
Seizures- what are they?
What are the stages, types and causes?

Back 16

a. Sudden, erratic firing of neurons.
i. Stages – Aura, LOC, Tonic, Hypertonic, Clonic, Postseizure, Postictal
ii. Types – Generalized/Partial also tonic/clonic vs. absence
iii. Causes – abscess, alcohol, birth anomaly, brain infections, brain trauma, diabetes, febrile, idiopathic, inappropriate medication dosage, organic brain syndromes, recreational drug use, stroke or TIA, systemic infection, tumor, uremia (kidney failure)

Front 17

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Seizure

Back 17

tonic-clonic(grand mal) - jerking of both arms and/or legs
Absence(petite mal) loss of attention
Simple Partial- focal mototr jerking without loss of consciousness
Complex Partial-focal motor with loss of consciousness tx:02, iv, meds (benzos)

Front 18

NEUROLOGIC:
Febrile Seizures

Back 18

seizure brought on by a spike in body temperature, usually occurs in young children (6mo-6 y/o)

Front 19

NEUROLOGIC:
Simple Febrile Seizures

Back 19

brief, generalized tonic-clonic seizures (lasting less than 15 minutes) that occur in a child without underlying neurologic abnormalities

Front 20

NEUROLOGIC:
Complex Febrile Seizures

Back 20

longer lasting (longer than 15 minutes), focal, or occur in a child with baseline developmental or neurologic abnormality. may also be associated with serious illness

Front 21

NEUROLOGIC:
Grand-Mal Seizures

Back 21

generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which involve jerking of both arms and/or legs

Front 22

NEUROLOGIC:
Status Epilepticus

Back 22

hisotrically defined as any seizure lasting more than 20 minutes or two or more seizures without return to neurologic baseline between seizures

Front 23

NEUROLOGIC:
Absent Seizures (Petit Mal)

Back 23

generalized seizures that involve a brief loss of attention without abnormal body movement. (staring to space briefly)

Front 24

NEUROLOGIC:
Simple Partial Seizures

Back 24

Focal motor jerking WITHOUT loss of consciousness

Front 25

NEUROLOGIC:
Complex Partial Seizures

Back 25

Focal Motor Jerking WITH loss oc consciousness

Front 26

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Stroke (Ischemic)

Back 26

blockage, s/s slurred speech, aphasia, agnosia, apraxia, hemiparesis, hemiplegia, arm drifting, facial droop, tongue deviation, swallowing difficulties, ptosis, ataxia, headache, sudden blindness, sudden unilateral paresthia, decreased loc, siezures, coma, hypertension Tx: ABCs, stoke assessment, time of onset, transport to ED or stroke center

Front 27

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Stroke (Hemorrhagic)

Back 27

bleed, s/s slurred speech, aphasia, agnosia, apraxia, hemiparesis, hemiplegia, arm drifting, facial droop, tongue deviation, swallowing difficulties, ptosis, ataxia, headache, sudden blindness, sudden unilateral paresthia, decreased loc, siezures, coma, hypertension Tx: ABCs, stoke assessment, time of onset, transport to ED or stroke center

Front 28

NEUROLOGIC:
Wernicke Encephalopathy

Back 28

A neurologic disorder which may be exacerbated by the sudden administration of IV dextrose. Confusion and dementia are partially reversible
i. Administer thiamine

Front 29

NEUROLOGIC:
Babinski Sign

Back 29

Take a pen or similar dull object and run it along the lateral length of the sole of the foot. Normal reaction to this stimulation is for the toes to move downward (plantar flexion). A positive BABINSKI TEST is indicated by abnormal extension of the great toe and fanning of the remaining toes, (dorsiflexion), which suggests NEUROLOGIC DYSFUNCTION.

Front 30

NEUROLOGIC:
Cushings Triad

Back 30

Systolic Hypertension, Bradycardia, Irregular Respiratory Pattern, Indicates INCREASED (ICP)

Front 31

NEUROLOGIC:
Cheyne-Stokes Respirations

Back 31

Gradually increasing rate and depth of respirations followed by a gradual decrease of respirations with intermittent periods of apnea; associated with brainstem insult

-chain links gradually increase in size and eventually skip a link (chain is the brainstem)

Front 32

NEUROLOGIC:
Biots Respirations

Back 32

Irregular pattern, rate, and depth of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea; results from increased intracranial pressure

that bitch is irregularly crazy and she keeps going apneic

Front 33

NEUROLOGIC:
Describe the components of The Cushings Triad.

Back 33

Systolic Hypertension, Bradycardia, Irregular Respiratory Pattern, Indicates INCREASED (ICP)

Front 34

NEUROLOGIC:
Mean arterial Pressure

Back 34

The average pressure within an artery over a complete cycle of one heartbeat DBP + (1/3 x (SBP-DBP))

a. Determining factor in hypertensive encephalopathy ( acute hypertensive crisis)
b. MAP = DBP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP)
c. MAP < 150 mm Hg or the pressure breaches blood-brain barrier and fluid leaks out

Front 35

NEUROLOGIC:
Identify the LOCATION and FUNCTION of the Lobes of the Brain?

Back 35

lobes correspond to the bone they are under ex: frontal lobe under frontal bone
frontal lobe-controls motor function, determines personality, elaborates thought and speech
parietal-interprets bodily sensations
temporal- long term memory and interprets sound
occiptal-sight

Front 36

NEUROLOGIC:
What are Migraines and what are the S/S?

Back 36

a. s/s – cognitive or visual disturbances, dizziness, nausea, vomiting.
b. severe, recurrent headaches accompanied by incapacitating neurologic symptoms

Front 37

NEUROLOGIC:
ATAXIA

Back 37

Alteration of a person's ability to perform coordinated motions, such as walking

Front 38

RESPIRATORY:
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Back 38

a. Diffuse damaged to the alveoli, perhaps from shock, aspiration pulmonary edema or a hypoxic event.
i. Washes away surfactant and alveoli become non-compliant

Front 39

RESPIRATORY:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: COPD

Back 39

TX: breathing treatment, o2, cpap

Front 40

RESPIRATORY:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Asthma

Back 40

runny nose, NO fever, wheezing,coughing,tachypnea,tachycardia Tx: o2, breathing tx, steroid, and supportive care

Front 41

RESPIRATORY:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Pneumothorax

Back 41

S/S – sudden onset, absent breath sounds, unequal chest rise, pulsus paradoxus, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, JVD, narrow pulse pressure, tracheal deviation
TX: needle decompression

Front 42

RESPIRATORY:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Tension Pneumothorax

Back 42

absent breath sounds on affected side, unequal chest rise, pulsus paradoxus, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, JVD, narrow pulse pressure, JVD, tracheal deviation
– blood return to the heart from vena cava is obstructed and leads to decreased preload and ultimately decreased cardiac output
TX: needle decompression

Front 43

RESPIRATORY:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Pulmonary Edema

Back 43

S/S – sudden onset, no fever, and bilateral lung findings, crackles in the bases of the lungs, progresses to higher lung fields, cough up pink sputum
TX: - cpap

Front 44

RESPIRATORY:
Pulmonary Embolism

Back 44

any blockage that compromises pulmonary circulation
c. Blood clot or other embolus lodges in the pulmonary artery and prevent blood flow through that branch.

Front 45

RESPIRATORY:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Pulmonary Embolus

Back 45

sudden dyspnea and cyanosis, sharp pain the chest, cyanosis does not resolve with 02 therapy. Tx:supportive, 02, immediate transport
-Blood clot or other embolus lodges in the pulmonary artery and prevent blood flow through that branch.

Front 46

RESPIRATORY:
Compare and contrast the signs and symptoms and treatment for Respiratory distress and respiratory failure

Back 46

If the patient improves with simple resuscitation maneuvers, then respiratory distress is the answer. If the patient does not improve with basic interventions, or if any patient with respiratory distress has signs of fatigue, altered mental status, RESPIRATORY FAILURE IS IMMINENT! S/S Impending Respiratory Failure include: RR >30 or <6 breaths/min, O2 Saturation <90%, Use of multiple accessory muscle groups, Inability to lie supine, Tachycardia >140 bpm, Mental Status Changes, Inability to clear secretions/mucus, Cyanosis of nail beds.

Front 47

Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Paroxymal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Back 47

dyspnea that comes on during the night. Left sided heart failure

Front 48

RESPIRATORY:
Contrast the Signs/Symptoms of Hypoventilation and Hyperventilation?

Back 48

hypoventilation-weakness, breathing diff, aloc
hyperventilation-paresthesia of the face or lips, lightheadedness, dizziness, muscular pain cramps

Front 49

RESPIRATORY:
Pulsus Paradoxus

Back 49

a. Decompensated COPD, severe pericardial tamponade, tension pneumothorax, and severe asthma attack.
i. Systolic blood pressure drops more than 10 mm Hg during inhalation
ii. A change in pulse quality or even the disappearance of a pulse may be noted

Front 50

RESPIRATORY:
RESPIRATION-

Back 50

a. Passage of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide into the alveoli
b. Assessed by pulse oximetry

Front 51

RESPIRATORY:
VENTILATION-

Back 51

a. Mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs
b. Assessed by capnography

Front 52

RESPIRATORY:
Jugular Vein Distention (JVD)
Causes?

Back 52

a. From right sided heart failure; causes include:
i. Pulmonary Embolus
ii. COPD
iii. Pulmonary Hypertension

Front 53

CARDIAC:
ST Sement MI

Back 53

Coronary Artery is totally blocked by a blood clot

S/S - chest pain, sudden dyspnea, pulmonary edema, drop in BP, confusion nausea, lighthead, epigastric burning, tiredness, sweating
TX - 12 lead, o2, aspirin, nitro, morphine

Front 54

CARDIAC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Acute Myocardial Infarction

Back 54

chest pain, sudden dyspnea, pulmonary edema, drop in BP, confusion nausea, lighthead, epigastric burning, tiredness, sweating Tx: 12 lead, o2, aspirin, nitro, morphine
MONA

Front 55

CARDIAC:
What do you need to see on the monitor to be considered a STEMI?

Back 55

a. ST segment elevation of 1 mm or more in two or more contiguous leads
i. Inferior – II, III, aVF
ii. Septal – V1 and V2
iii. Anterior – V3 and V4
iv. Lateral – V5 and V6

Front 56

CARDIAC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Cardiac Tamponade

Back 56

a. s/s - chest pain, drop in systolic BP, narrowing pulse pressure, JVD, muffled heart sounds
b. Tx - airway, breathing, O2, IV
a. Excessive fluid accumulates within the pericardium, limiting the heart’s ability to expand fully after each contraction and resulting in reduced CO
EXCESSIVE FLUIDS ACCUMULATE WITHIN THE PERICARDIUM

Front 57

CARDIAC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Left-Sided Heart Failure

Back 57

extreme restlessness and agitation, confusion, severe dyspnea and tachypnea, tachycardia, elevated BP, crackles, possibly wheezes, frothy pink sputum, cannon A waves, distended neck veins, pedal edema Tx: 100 % 02, cpap, monitor, IV, morphine, nitro, diuretics

Front 58

CARDIAC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Right-Sided Heart Failure

Back 58

abd distention, neck veins, distention of veins on surface of body Tx: make pt comfortable, semi-fowler, monitoring

Front 59

Identify the differences in the Signs/Symptoms and treatment for an acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and Angina Pectoris presentations. Identify which parts of the histroy are most important.

Back 59

Unstable angina- Occurs at REST, and is more severe than normal episodes of angina. It may also be caused by coronary artery spasms. If left untreated, can lead to an AMI
Stable angina- usually comes on with exercise or stress and lasts 3-5 minutes, sometimes up to 15 minutes. Relieved by rest an/or nitroglycerine
Acute MI- Commonly known as Heart attack. Occurs when the blood supply to part of the heart is interrupted, causing heart cells to die (coronary arteries). The resulting ischemia and decreased supply of o2, if left untreated, can cause damage and/or death of heart muscle. S/Schest pain, sudden dyspnea, pulmonary edema, drop in BP, confusion nausea, lighthead, epigastric burning, tiredness, sweating Tx: 12 lead, o2, aspirin, nitro, morphine
THE PART OF THE HISTORY THAT IS MOST IMPORTANT IS IF THEY HAVE FAMILIAL HEART DISEASE (RISK FACTORS).

Front 60

CARDIAC:
Cardiac Output

Back 60

a. The amount of blood that is pumped out by either ventricle
b. Normal output for an average healthy adult is 5-6 L/min

(CO = SV x HR)

Front 61

CARDIAC:
Stable Angina

Back 61

i. Recurrent pattern of chest pain.
ii. After a certain, predictable amount of exertion.
iii. Often relieved with rest or medication

Front 62

CARDIAC:
Unstable Angina

Back 62

Occurs at REST, and is more severe than normal episodes of angina.
i. Characterized by noticeable changes in frequency, severity, and duration of pain.
ii. Often occurs without predicable stress.
iii. May not be relieved with medication

Front 63

CARDIAC:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Angina Pectoris

Back 63

chest pain TX: treat as a MI

Front 64

CARDIAC:
Pericarditis

Back 64

a. Acute inflammation of the pericardium that can last anywhere from several weeks to several months.
b. Positional chest pain (often alleviated by sitting forward), shortness of breath, history of recent infection or fever.

Front 65

ABDOMEN:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Appendicitis

Back 65

INFLAMMATION OF THE APPENDIX:
periumbilical pain. n/v, low grade fever, loss of appetite. Pain rlq, rebound tenderness
-Fecal matter or other material accumulates in the appendix. Pressure builds and decreases blood flow. This causes an uncontrolled rise in bacteria
TX: pain and anti nausea meds

Front 66

ABDOMEN:
Boerhaaves Syndrome

Back 66

Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus
S/S – mediastinitis, sepsis, and shock. Swallowing often aggravates the pain

Front 67

ABDOMEN:
Colitis

Back 67

Clostridium difficile (C. diff)
a. s/s - n/v, foul smelling, watery, green, diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, abd pain
b. Tx - PPE, IV clean all equipment very good
c. Antibiotic therapy, which suppresses the normal flora in the GI tract and allows C. diff to predominate

Front 68

ABDOMEN:
Cholangitis

Back 68

infection of the common bile duct; the tube that carries bile from the liver to the gall bladder

Front 69

ABDOMEN:
Diverticultis

Back 69

Diverticulum is a weak area in the colon that begins to have small outcroppings that turn into pouches. These become inflamed.

Front 70

ABDOMEN:
Murphy's Sign

Back 70

Press firmly upward into the RUQ and ask the patient to take a deep breath. Arrest of inspiration because of pain is a positive finding. This could indicate a GALL BLADDER OR HEPATIC PROBLEM

-Dale Murphy took a fastball in RUQ and knocked wind out of him (RUQ is where gall bladder is)

Front 71

ABDOMEN:
Psoa's Sign

Back 71

Place the patient in the Left Lateral Decubitus position, and extend the right leg at the hip. An increase of pain in the RLQ is a positive finding. Commonly associated with APPENDICITIS

(Soooo uhhh let's go for a walk (pregnant woman) on your left lateral recumbent side and if RLQ hurts - appendicitis))

Front 72

ABDOMEN:
Rovsing's sign

Back 72

Palpate the LLQ of the abdomen. Pain or tenderness elicited in the RLQ is a positive finding. Suggests APPENDICITIS

-Ruh rov... U pressed on my LLQ and my RLQ began to sing in pain (RLQ is where appendix is)

Front 73

ABDOMEN:
Somatic Pain

Back 73

Well LOCALIZED and described as sharp in nature. comes from skin and muscle as well as joints, ligaments, tendons

-somatic = specific

Front 74

ABDOMEN:
Visceral Pain

Back 74

- Originates within the chest and abdomen, and is often described as heaviness, pressure, aching, or burning that is NOT EASY TO PIN POINT! Visceral pain may also radiate to other areas of the body. It comes from organs inside the body with injury or illness.

-visceral = vague pain

Front 75

ABDOMEN:
Melena

Back 75

black tarry feces that contains digested blood - (UPPER GI BLEEDING).

Front 76

ABDOMEN:
Feculant Vomiting

Back 76

- Foul Smelling vomit with a feculent odor- (BOWEL OBSTRUCTION)

Front 77

ABDOMEN:
Coffee Ground Emesis

Back 77

Vomiting of partially digested blood - (GI BLEEDING)

Front 78

ABDOMEN:
Hematochezia

Back 78

bright red blood in the stool. (LOWER GI BLEEDING)
INDICATIVE OF ACTIVE BLEEDING

Front 79

ABDOMEN:
Hemataemesis-

Back 79

vomiting of blood-(UPPER GI BLEEDING)
BRIGHT RED - INDICATIVE OF ACTIVE BLEEDING

Front 80

ABDOMEN:
Hepatic Encephalopathy

Back 80

Decreased brain function caused by diminished liver functions
S/S: confusion, LOC, Coma, as a result of liver failure

Front 81

ABDOMEN:
Peptic Ulcer Disease

Back 81

The protective layer of mucous lining in the stomach and duodenum erode, allowing the acid to eat into the organ itself.

Front 82

ABDOMEN:
Mallory Weiss Syndrome

Back 82

-A condition in which the junction between the esophagus and the stomach (Cardiac Sphincter) tears, causing severe bleeding and potentially death
-Secondary to eating disorders, caused by alcoholism, retching, coughing or vomiting.

Front 83

ABDOMEN:
Pancreatitis

Back 83

S/S- pain to epigastric area or RUQ, radiate to back, n/v fever, tachycardia, hypotension, muscle spasms to ext, Cullen, grey turners
TX:- IV, pain management.
CAUSE: Inflammation of the pancreas caused by blockage of the tube that carries enzymes away from the pancreas
CULLEN AND GREY TURNERS SIGNS

Front 84

ABDOMEN:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms of Gastroenteritis

Back 84

Abdominal pain/tenderness, myalgia, and headache. Vomiting may occur, followed by colitis, which causes visible Blood in the stool. (3-7 days). Watery, yellow, green, or bloody stool, or stools containing pus. Also look for signs of dehydration or shock

Front 85

ABDOMEN:
Gray turners sign

Back 85

bruising in the flanks, indicative of pancreatitis

Front 86

ABDOMEN:
Cullen Sign

Back 86

bruising around the belly button that may indicate intra-abdominal bleeding or PANCREATITIS.

-Cullen's got the belly button tattoos (bruises) and pancreas is in the middle

Front 87

ABDOMEN:
Liver Abscess

Back 87

puss-filled mass inside the liver

Front 88

ABDOMEN:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Bowel Obstruction

Back 88

S/S: crampy abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, inability to pass flatus, distended abdomen, absent or high-pitched bowel sounds.
tx: administer oxygen, place pt in comfortable position, establish iv, give nothing PO

Front 89

ABDOMEN:
Pyelonephritis

Back 89

Inflammation of the kidney linings, usually from untreated UTI’s
S/S - dysuria

Front 90

ABDOMEN:
Kehrs Sign

Back 90

Abdominal pain that radiates to the Left Shoulder, could indicate irritation of the DIAPHRAGM OR SPLEEN INVOLVEMENT (Irritants in the peritoneal cavity)

-Steve Kerr shoots the ball goofy and from his abdomen to the left shoulder

Front 91

Thrombocytopenia

Back 91

blood has low number of platelets

Front 92

Angioedema

Back 92

a. Vascular reaction characterized by severe swelling, often around the eyes and lips. Swelling may involve the tongue and mouth. Usually an allergic reaction and can extend to lower airway.

Front 93

Parenteral

Back 93

Meds given as IV's or infusions

Front 94

TRAUMA:
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
(TWO STAGES)

Back 94

a. Life-threatening condition found with severe trauma
b. Two stages
i. Free thrombin and fibrin deposits in the blood increase, and platelets begin to aggregate.
ii. Uncontrolled hemorrhage results from the severe reduction in clotting factors

Front 95

MED EMERGENCIES:
Heat Exhaustion

Back 95

Clinical syndrome characterized by volume depletion and heat stress that is thought to be a milder form of heat illness and on a continuum leading to heatstroke

Front 96

MED EMERGENCIES:
Heat Stroke

Back 96

The least common and most deadly heat illness, caused by a severe disturbance in thermoregulation, usually characterized by a core temperature of more than 104 F and altered mental status

Front 97

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Cocaine Overdose

Back 97

excitement, delirium, tachycardia, hypertension, fast pulse rate
Tx: o2, IV, ECG, pulse ox, capnometer, benzo, transport

Front 98

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Cyanide Poisoning

Back 98

ALOC, headache, palpitations, dyspnea, vomiting, seizures
Tx: amyl nitrate, o2

Front 99

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Mild, Moderate, Severe Hypothermia

Back 99

stumbles, mumbles,fumbles, grumbles
mild: >93.2 passive rewarming. Remove wet clothes, blankets and warm fluids
mod- 86-93.2 warm IV fluids and commercial warming devices
severe<86 warming at hospital

Front 100

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Back 100

headache,n/v, pressure in the head, roaring in the ears Tx: maintain airway, o2, IV,ECG,

Front 101

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Deep Frostbite

Back 101

extremity looks white, yellow-white, or mottled blue-white. Hard, cold, without sensation. Tx: opt to leave if frozen, get out of cold, do not rub or massage, elevate, pain meds, cover blisters with dry sterile dressing, rewarm appropriately

Front 102

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/symptoms of Organophosphate Poisoning

Back 102

SLUDGE BBM (NEW)- Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI Distress, Emesis, Bronchoconstriction, Bradycardia, Miosis

Front 103

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and treatment of Salicylate Poisoning

Back 103

hyperthermia,burning sensation in mouth or throat, change in level of consciousness, petechiae, rash, hives, hyperventilation, nausea, vomiting thirst,tinnitus,diaphoresis,hearing loss,motor weakness, vasodilation and hypotension respiratory depression to respiratory arrest metabolic acidosis

Front 104

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms of an Opiate Overdose

Back 104

euphoria or irritability, diaphoresis,tremors,miosis, abdominal cramps, n/v, hyperthermia, cns depression resp depression, hypotension ,bradycardia, tachcardia, pulmonanary edema.

Front 105

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Ectopic Pregnancy

Back 105

abd pain, referred shoulder pain, vaginal bleeding, Cullen or grey turners sign Tx: Airway, highflow 02, left lateral recumbent, IV, p warm, monitor, transport

Front 106

MED EMERGENCIES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Sepsis

Back 106

SYSTEMIC INFECTION

Front 107

ENDOCRINE:
Addisons Disease

Back 107

S/S– hypoglycemia, hypotension, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and emaciation
b. Primary adrenal insufficiency – atrophy or destruction of both adrenal glands, leading to deficiency of all the steroid hormones these glands produce

Front 108

ENDOCRINE:
Adrenal Crisis

Back 108

a. Adrenal insufficiency accompanied by hypotension
b. Adrenal insufficiency is when the body’s needs for glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids is not met

Front 109

ENDOCINE:
Cushings Syndrome-

Back 109

S/S- hyperglycemia, obesity, hypertension, and electrolyte imbalances
-Caused by an excess of cortisol production by the adrenal glands or by excessive use of corticosteroid hormones
"buffalo hump" or "moon face"

Front 110

ENDOCRINE:
Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Back 110

S/S- polyuria, polydipsia, polyphasia, n/v, tachycardia, deep rapid resp, dry mucous membrane, fruity odor on breath, abd pain, hypotension, fever
TX: begin rehydration, monitor T waves- sodium bicarb
a. Untreated hyperglycemia which is associated with predominately in people with Type I diabetes.
b. Certain acids build up in the body because insulin is not available.
c. Common causes include infection, injury, alcohol use, emotional discord, stroke, and MI

Front 111

ENDOCRINE:
Graves Disease

Back 111

aka diffuse toxic goiter, is the most common form of Hyperthyroidism (bug eyed)
-an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies that mimic the role of TSH produce an increase in secretion of thyroid hormones

Front 112

ENDOCRINE:
Comopare and Contracst the signs and symptoms and treatment for hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, DKA and HHNS?

Back 112

Hypoglycemia- Abnormally low Blood surgar (<45mg/dl), usually results from too much insulin, too little food or both. S/S- headache, confusion, memory loss, slurred speech, seizure/coma. Tx- D10, oxygen, oral glucose if can swallow, txp.

Hyperglycemia- abnormally high bsg (>120mg/dl). The body cannot use glucose and turns it to other energy sources (fat) – S/S depends on level of sugar. Tx- 100% oxygen, assisted ventilations prn, monitor vitals, saline bolus 20ml/kg

DKA- a plasma concentration of >350mg/dl, and often associated with electrolyte imbalance. S/S-n/v, abd pain, tachypnea, fruity breath odor, fatigue, increased diuresis, altered loc, seizures. Tx- 3-6liters of fluid during initial resuscitation, monitor, iv. DKA cant reverse without insulin therapy.

HHNK- may not be able to differentiate between DKA and HHNK in field, but is more common in pts with type 2 Diabetes and is triggered by the same stressors that cause DKA. (bsg >600mg/dl), absent ketone production. S/S- fever dehydration, vomiting and abd pain, tachycardia, rapid breathing, thirst, polyuria, oliguria, polydipsia, focal seizures, altered loc. Tx- same as DKA

Front 113

ENDOCRINE:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Diabetic Keotacidosis

Back 113

polyuria, polydipsia, polyphasia, n/v, tachycardia, deep rapid resp, dry mucous membrane, fruity odor on breath, abd pain, hypotension, fever Tx: begin rehydration, monitor T waves- sodium bicarb

Front 114

ENDOCRINE:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Hypoglycemia

Back 114

blood sugar< than 45 mg/dl tx:IV, D50, glucagon if unable to obtain IV

Front 115

ENDOCRINE:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Hyperglycemia

Back 115

-blood sugar between 120 and 400. Treat for dehydration 1L of NS during first half hour.

Front 116

ENDOCRINE:
HHNS, HONK

Back 116

S/S: blood sugar > than 500, acute confusion, dehydration, dizziness, polydipsia
TX: vitals, 12 lead, capnography
CAUSES: infection, hypothermia, cardiac disease, pancreatitis, stroke
d. Metabolic derangement that occurs in patients type 2 diabetes
e. Hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity, absence of ketosis

Front 117

ENDOCRINE:
Kussmauls Respirations

Back 117

deep, rapid respirations seen in patients with DKA

Front 118

ENDOCRINE:
Trousseaus Sign

Back 118

place a blood pressure cuff around the arm, inflate it to 30 mm above Systolic Pressure, and hold it in place for 3 minutes. Positive sign will show a spasm of the muscles of the hand and forearm
- (MUSCULAR IRRITABILITY CAUSED BY HYPOCALCEMIA), bradycardia, and malnutrition also seen in hypoparathyroidism

-calcium is for strength and the spasm occurs due to lack of strength

Front 119

ENDOCRINE:
Chvosteks Sign

Back 119

- tap the facial nerve against the mandibular bone just anterior to the ear, which produces an abnormal ipsilateral spasm of the facial muscles. (MUSCULAR IRRITABILITY CAUSED BY HYPOCALCEMIA)

-cheeks. Tap them and another part of the face will twitch.
-calcium is for strength and the spasm occurs due to lack of strength.

Front 120

ENDOCRINE:
Thyroid Storm

Back 120

Rare, life-threatening condition that may occur in patients with thyrotoxicosis.
-usually triggered by a stressful event or increased volume of thyroid hormones

Front 121

ENDOCRINE:
Hyperthyroidism

Back 121

a. s/s – exophthalmos, hyperactive reflexes, Chvostek’s sign

Front 122

ENDOCRINE:
Hypothryoidism

Back 122

a. s/s – CHF, myxedema, hyponatremia, and hypoglycemia

Front 123

ENDOCRINE:
Hypoparathyroidism

Back 123

a. s/s – bradycardia and trousseau’s sign

Front 124

ENDOCRINE:
Rhabdomyelosis

Back 124

breakdown of muscle fibers that leads to release of muscle fiber into the bloodstream. Causes kidney damage (lactic acid build-up follows)
-RELEASE OF POTASSIUM AND MYOGLOBIN ALSO

Front 125

ENDOCRINE:
Myxedema

Back 125

a. s/s – dry yellow skin, hypotension, bradycardia, and low blood sugar
b. Hypothyroidism
i. Localized accumulations of mucinous material in the skin
i. Could lead to coma

Front 126

ENDOCRINE:
Exophthalmos

Back 126

BUG EYES
-Graves disease - Protrusion of the eyes from the normal position within the socket

Front 127

DISEASES:
Measles

Back 127

-Rubeola, hard measles, or red measles
-Highly communicable viral disease transmitted by airborne aerosolized droplets or by direct contact with nasal or pharyngeal secretions

Front 128

DISEASES:
Mumps

Back 128

a. Viral disease that occurs mostly in winter or spring
b. Droplet spread or by saliva

Front 129

DISEASES:
Rubella

Back 129

a. German measles or 3-day measles
b. Virus most commonly during the winter and spring
c. Highly communicable by direct contact with nasopharyngeal secretions, droplet spread, or patient belongings recently infected with secretions

Front 130

DISEASES:
HIV

Back 130

a. Virus that may lead to AIDS
b. Cells in the immune system are killed or damaged so that the body is unable to fight infections and certain cancers

Front 131

DISEASES:
Epidemic

Back 131

widespread transmission of a disease

Front 132

DISEASES:
Petechia

Back 132

a. Small purplish, nonblanching spots on the skin
b. Meningococcal meningitis

Front 133

DISEASES:
PURPURA

Back 133

a. Bruising of the skin
b. Meningococcal meningitis

Front 134

DISEASES:
Ludwigs Anginia

Back 134

a. Type of cellulitis caused by bacteria from an infected tooth root or mouth injury.
b. Occurs on the floor of the mouth under the tongue and may occlude airway
c. s/s – fever, sore throat, swollen lower jaw

Front 135

DISEASES:
Pandemic

Back 135

a worldwide transmission (spread) of a disease

Front 136

DISEASES:
Pertussis

Back 136

bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable violent coughiing (whooping cough)
a. uncontrollable violent coughing (Whooping cough)
b. Infection caused by the bacteria

Front 137

DISEASES:
RSV

Back 137

a. Leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, older people, and immunocompromised people
-Respiratory virus that affects the lungs and breathing passages. can cause Pneumonia and Bronchiolitis in small children

Front 138

DISEASES:
Epiglottitis

Back 138

a. s/s - fever, sore throat, painful swallowing, stridor resp distress
b. tx - immediate transport, maintain airway
c. Inflammation of the epiglottis. Caused by a virus

Front 139

DISEASES:
Tuberculosis

Back 139

S/S: persistent cough for more than 3 weeks plus one or more of the following: night sweats, headache, fever, fatigue, weight loss, hemoptysis, hoarseness, chest pain
TX: - mask, 02, vent support, transport.
c. Not highly communicable
d. Infection that can progress to a disease characterized by a persistent cough plus night sweats, headache, weight loss, hemoptysis, and/or chest pain

Front 140

DISEASES:
Tetanus

Back 140

a. Disease caused by spores that enter the body through a puncture wound contaminated with animal feces, street dust, or soil.
b. S/S include pain at wound site, painful muscle contraction in neck and trunk muscles

Front 141

DISEASES:
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Back 141

a. Tick-borne disease caused by bacteria

Front 142

DISEASES:
Lyme Disease

Back 142

a. Tick-borne disease
b. Bite injects the pathogen into the bloodstream of a human host
- look for a bulls-eye

Front 143

DISEASES:
Myasthenia Gravis

Back 143

a. A condition in which the body generates antibodies against its own acetylcholine receptors, causing muscle weakness, often in the face

Front 144

DISEASES:
Lupus

Back 144

a. Multisystem autoimmune disease that directs body’s own immune system against body tissues

Front 145

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Bronchiolitis

Back 145

runny nose, slight fever, wheezing,coughing,tachypnea,tachycardia Tx: o2 and supportive care

Front 146

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Chronic Bronchitis

Back 146

S/S: tachypnea
TX: - o2, cpap

Front 147

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Chicken Pox (Varicella)

Back 147

S/S- slight fever, raised fluid-filled vesicles
Tx - surgical mask for you, supportive care

Front 148

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Clostridium Dificile (C-Diff)

Back 148

n/v, foul smelling, watery, green, diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, abd pain Tx: PPE, IV clean all equipment very good

Front 149

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas (MRSA)

Back 149

- localized skin abscesses and cellulites, empyemas, endocarditis Tx: supportive and PPE!!

Front 150

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Mononucleosis

Back 150

- sore throat, fever, secretions from pharynx, swollen lymph glands, malaise, anorexia, headache, muscle pain, enlarged liver and spleen
Tx: supportive, gloves, wash hands

Front 151

DISEASES:
Identify the most common means of prevention of transmission of infectious disease

Back 151

Washing your hands before and after contact with the medical patient WITH ALCOHOL BASED WIPES???.

Front 152

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Pneumonia

Back 152

mild dyspnea, diminished or absent breath sounds, pulsus paradoxus, low pulse ox, tachypnea, FEVER, tachycardia
Tx; cover open wounds, maintain ABCs, high flow 02.

Front 153

DISEASES:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Malaria

Back 153

fever, chills, headache, seats, fatigue, n/v
tx: supportive, transport

Front 154

DISEASES:
Nosocomial Infection

Back 154

An infection Acquired while at the hospital.

Front 155

DISEASES:
H1N1

Back 155

S/S- fever,shaking, chills, muscle pain, malaise, loss of appetite, dry cough
TX: mask, IV, supportive care
-Virus aka Influenza A

Front 156

DISEASES:
Hepatitis A

Back 156

a. Infectious hepatitis
b. Most common type in US
c. Transmission by fecal-oral route

Front 157

DISEASES:
Hepatitis B

Back 157

a. Serum hepatitis
b. Transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion, or dirty needle stick

Front 158

DISEASES:
Hepatitis C

Back 158

a. Most common chronic bloodborne infection and leading cause of liver transplant in US
b. Dirty needle sticks

Front 159

DISEASES:
Hepatitis D

Back 159

a. Delta hepatitis
b. Host must have hepatitis B for hepatitis D virus

Front 160

DISEASES:
Herpes Simplex Type 1

Back 160

a. Latent stage
i. s/s – no signs or symptoms

Front 161

BAD STUFF:
Anthrax

Back 161

a. Deadly bacterium that lies dormant in a spore.
b. Routes are inhalation, cutaneous, or gastrointestinal

Front 162

BAD STUFF:
Botulism

Back 162

a. Nerve toxin caused by bacteria
b. Usually caused by food poisoning or giving infants raw honey

Front 163

BAD STUFF:
Toxidrome

Back 163

a. Symptoms of a class or group of similar poisonous agents
b. i.e. – stimulants, narcotics (opiates), sympathomimetics, cholinergic, anticholinergic

Front 164

BAD STUFF:
Ricin

Back 164

a. Derived from castor beans
b. Burning of mouth, throat, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and severe stomach pains

Front 165

SHOCK:
Cardiogenic Shock

Back 165

Heart cannot circulate enough blood to maintain adequate peripheral oxygen delivery (pump problem)

Front 166

SHOCK:
Distributive Shock

Back 166

wide-spread dilation of the vessels
NAS

Front 167

SHOCK:
different types of Distributive Shock

Back 167

1. Neurogenic Shock
2. Anaphylactic Shock-
3. Septic Shock-

NAS distributes Shock to his fans

Front 168

SHOCK:
Septic Shock

Back 168

Systemic Infection

Front 169

SHOCK:
Identify the Signs/Symptoms and Treatment for the following medical condition: Anaphylaxis

Back 169

warm,flushed, itching, respiratory (systemic) hives,dyspnea,stridor,wheezes,crackles,n/v,bloating,cramping sneezing, dysrhythmia,hypotension, tachycardia, headache, ALOC TX: EPI, Benadryl, o2, solu-medrol, glucagon

Front 170

SHOCK:
Hypovelemic Shock

Back 170

circulating blood volume is insufficient to deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients to the body

Front 171

SHOCK:
Anaphylactic Shock

Back 171

Widespread dilation (systemic)
HISTAMINE RELEASE

Front 172

SHOCK:
Identify the etiologies (causes) and classifications of shock (Cardiogenic, Obstructive, Distributive)

Back 172

Cardiogenic- caused by pump failure, AMI, Cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, ruptured chordae tendineae, toxins, myocardial contusion, acute aortic insufficiency, or dysrhythmias.

Obstructive- caused by acute pericardial tamponade, massive pulmonary embolus, or tension pneumothorax.

Distributive- (Septic, Anaphylactic, Neurogenic) caused by infection, antibody-antigen release

Front 173

SHOCK:
Pulse pressure

Back 173

a. Systolic BP – Diastolic BP
b. Narrowing pulse pressure is a sign of impending shock

Front 174

SHOCK:
Neurogenic Shock

Back 174

Spinal cord injury
S/S – bradycardia, hypotension, normal skin color and temperature

Front 175

SHOCK:
Obstructive Shock

Back 175

blood flow becomes blocked in the heart or great vessels

Front 176

SHOCK:
Differentiate between presentations (signs/symptoms) of the classifications of shock

Back 176

-Compensated Shock S/S- Could present with cool hands and feet, pale mucous membranes, r estlessness, anxiety, and oliguria.

Waxen, cool, clammy skin, pale or cyanotic mucous membranes, profound weakness, metabolic (lactic) acidosis, anxiety, and absent or decreased peripheral pulses.

Irreversible Shock S/S- Rapid deterioration occurs that cannot be fixed.

Front 177

SHOCK:
Compensated Shock Vitals

Back 177

Normal BP, slightly elevated HR, Tachypnea, delayed CRT.

Front 178

SHOCK:
Compensated Shock S/S

Back 178

Could present with cool hands and feet, pale mucous membranes, restlessness, anxiety, and oliguria.

Front 179

SHOCK:
Pathophysiology of Compensated Shock

Back 179

Vasoconstriction maintains blood flow to essential organs, but tissue ischemia occurs in less essential areas
-Blood Pressure is maintained through other means

Front 180

SHOCK:
Decompensated Shock Vitals

Back 180

BP decreasing, HR >120 bpm, Respiratory Rate >30-40

Front 181

SHOCK:
Decompensated Shock S/S

Back 181

Waxen, cool, clammy skin, pale or cyanotic mucous membranes, profound weakness, metabolic (lactic) acidosis, anxiety, and absent or decreased peripheral pulses.

Front 182

SHOCK:
Decompensated Shock Pathophysiology

Back 182

blood pressure decreases as vascular tone decreases. Dysfunction to all organs is imminent. Anaerobic metabolism ensues, causing lactic acidosis
-Blood volume drops by more than 30%, cardiac output fails dramatically

Front 183

SHOCK:
Irreversible Shock Vitals

Back 183

Profound Hypotension

Front 184

SHOCK:
Irreversible Shock S/S

Back 184

uh…

Front 185

SHOCK:
Irreversible Shock Pathophysiology

Back 185

Blood volume drops by more than 40%, rapid deterioration occurs that cannot be fixed with medical interventions

Front 186

STAGES OF SHOCK: 1st

Back 186

HR: NORMAL
RESP: NORMAL
CAP REFILL: NORMAL
BP: NORMAL

Front 187

STAGES OF SHOCK: 2nd

Back 187

HR: >100
RESP: UP
CAP REFILL: >2 SECONDS
BP: ORTHOSTATIC CHANGES

Front 188

STAGES OF SHOCK: 3rd

Back 188

HR: >120
RESP: UP
CAP REFILL: >3 SECONDS
BP: <90 SYSTOLIC

Front 189

STAGES OF SHOCK: 4th

Back 189

HR: >130
RESP: UP
CAP REFILL: >3 SECONDS
BP: <80 SYSTOLIC

Front 190

ALTERED MENTAL STATUS:
Identify a systematic approach to treatment for Altered Mental Status Presentations

Back 190

Alcohol, anaphylaxis, AMI
Epilepsy, Endocrine, Electrolytes
Insulin
Opiates
Uremia
Trauma
Intercranial infection (tumor, hemorrhage, htn)
Poisoning
Seizure, Sepsis

Front 191

PAIN:
Define and give examples of various types of abdominal pain (Visceral, Somatic, Referred, Pleuritic)

Back 191

Somatic pain- Well LOCALIZED and described as sharp in nature. comes from skin and muscle as well as joints, ligaments, tendons
Visceral pain- Originates within the chest and abdomen, and is often described as heaviness, pressure, aching, or burning that is NOT EASY TO PIN POINT! Visceral pain may also radiate to other areas of the body. It comes from organs inside the body with injury or illness.
Referred- Pain felt at a site different from that of an injured or diseased organ or body part
Pleuritic- Inflammation of visceral or parietal pleura, causing a sudden onset of chest pain.

Front 192

ASSESSMENT:
identify the treatment for the unresponsive patient?

Back 192

Try to determine cause, oxygen, head to toe exam, manage abc’s, check glucose, C-spine, transport

Front 193

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - What should you do if you discover new life threats?

Back 193

Treat immediately!!

Front 194

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - What is included in the Refine Differential Diagnosis Section?

Back 194

-Life Threatening -

-Critical -

-Non-Emergent -

Front 195

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - When do you determine whether the patient is SICK OR NOT SICK?

Back 195

During the First Impression

Front 196

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - What is included in the Initial Observations Section?

Back 196

Scene - Safety threats to crew, and Situation

Patient - Cardinal Presentation, and Primary Survey

Front 197

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - What is included in the Detailed Assessment Section?

Back 197

History - OPQRST, and SAMPLER

Secondary Survey - VS, Physical Exam of Body Systems

Diagnostic - Glucose, EKG, O2 sat, etc.

Front 198

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - What is included in the Ongoing Management?

Back 198

-Reassess, Refine Diagnosis, Modify Treatment

-Patient Disposition

Front 199

ASSESSMENT:
Identify communication barriers that affect obtaining thorough medical history?

Back 199

your own specialized knowledge, social barriers, linguistic barriers, behavioral barriers, psychological barriers, cultural differences, sensory impairment

Front 200

ASSESSMENT:
What is the order of events in the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway?

Back 200

1) Initial Observations - Scene and Patient
2) First Impression - Sick or Not Sick?
3) Detailed Assessment - Hx, Secondary Ass, Diagnostics
4) Refine Differential Diagnosis (Based on Accumulated Data and Clinical Reasoning)
5) Ongoing Management

Front 201

ASSESSMENT:
In the AMLS Patient Assessment Pathway - What is included in the First Impression Section?

Back 201

-Identify and treat life threats immediately

-Generate Differential Diagnosis