Advanced English/world Vocabulary 2

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freeter

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not a fulltime employee (Japanese slang).

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NEET

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"Not in Educational, Employment or Training" (Japanese slang).

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miscible

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Pronunciation: 'mi-s&-b&l
: capable of being mixed; specifically : capable of mixing in any ratio without separation of two phases <miscible liquids>

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offal

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1 : the waste or by-product of a process: as a : trimmings of a hide b : the by-products of milling used especially for stock feeds c : the viscera and trimmings of a butchered animal removed in dressing

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atavism atavistic

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Pronunciation: 'a-t&-"vi-z&m
Function: noun
Etymology: French atavisme, from Latin atavus ancestor, from at- (probably akin to atta daddy) + avus grandfather -- more at UNCLE
1 a : recurrence in an organism of a trait or character typical of an ancestral form and usually due to genetic recombination b : recurrence of or reversion to a past style, manner, outlook, approach, or activity <architectural atavism>

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spansule

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(medicine) (Proprietary name for) a capsule designed to release drugs at a steady rate over a period of hours; a sustained-release capsule.

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chancre

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Pronunciation: 'sha[ng]-k&r
Function: noun
Etymology: French, from Old French, from Latin cancer
: a primary sore or ulcer at the site of entry of a pathogen (as in tularemia); especially : the initial lesion of syphilis

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yeoman

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Pronunciation: 'yO-m&n
Function: noun
Etymology: Middle English yoman, yeman
1 a : an attendant or officer in a royal or noble household b : a person attending or assisting another : RETAINER c : YEOMAN OF THE GUARD d : a naval petty officer who performs clerical duties
2 a : a person who owns and cultivates a small farm; specifically : one belonging to a class of English freeholders below the gentry b : a person of the social rank of yeoman
3 : one that performs great and loyal service <did a yeoman's job in seeing the program through>

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abattoir

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Pronunciation: 'a-b&-"twär, -"twor, -"tor
Function: noun
Etymology: French, from abattre
: SLAUGHTERHOUSE

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trice

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Pronunciation: 'trIs
Function: transitive verb
Inflected Form(s): triced; tric·ing
Etymology: Middle English trisen, tricen to pull, trice, from Middle Dutch trisen to hoist, from trise windlass
: to haul up or in and lash or secure (as a sail) with a small rope

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caravanserais, caravansery

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Pronunciation: "ker-&-'van(t)-s&-rE, "ka-r&-
Variant(s): or car·a·van·se·rai /-s&-"rI/
Function: noun
Inflected Form(s): plural -ries or -rais or -rai
Etymology: Persian kArvAnsarAI, from kArvAn caravan + sarAI palace, inn
1 : an inn surrounding a court in eastern countries where caravans rest at night
2 : HOTEL, INN

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sycophancy

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Pronunciation: 'si-k&-f&n(t)-sE also 'sI- and -"fan(t)-sE
Function: noun
: obsequious flattery; also : the character or behavior of a sycophant

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catamite

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Pronunciation: 'ka-t&-"mIt
Function: noun
Etymology: Latin catamitus, from Catamitus Ganymede, from Etruscan Catmite, from Greek GanymEdEs
: a boy kept by a pederast

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sojournment

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\So"journ*ment\, n. Temporary residence, as that of a stranger or a traveler. [R.]

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elegiac

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/ˌɛlɪˈdʒaɪək, -æk, ɪˈlidʒiˌæk/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[el-i-jahy-uhk, -ak, i-lee-jee-ak] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective Also, el·e·gi·a·cal.
1. used in, suitable for, or resembling an elegy.
2. expressing sorrow or lamentation: elegiac strains.

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elegy

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/ˈɛlɪdʒi/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[el-i-jee] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–noun, plural -gies.
1. a mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poem, esp. a funeral song or a lament for the dead.

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blo·vi·ate

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/ˈbloʊviˌeɪt/ [bloh-vee-eyt] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used without object), ‑at·ed, ‑at·ing.
to speak pompously.
—Related forms
blo·vi·a·tion, noun

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dick·ey

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/ˈdɪki/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[dik-ee] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation –noun, plural -eys.
1. an article of clothing made to look like the front or collar of a shirt, blouse, vest, etc., worn as a separate piece under another garment, as a jacket or dress. Compare vest (def. 2), vestee.

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ep·i·gram

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[ep-i-gram] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation –noun
1. any witty, ingenious, or pointed saying tersely expressed.
2. epigrammatic expression: Oscar Wilde had a genius for epigram.
3. a short, often satirical poem dealing concisely with a single subject and usually ending with a witty or ingenious turn of thought.

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hubble-bubble

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A hookah, British Indian slang.

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ca·par·i·son

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/kəˈpærəsən/

[kuh-par-uh-suhn] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation –noun
1. a decorative covering for a horse or for the tack or harness of a horse; trappings.
2. rich and sumptuous clothing or equipment.
–verb (used with object)
3. to cover with a caparison.
4. to dress richly; deck.

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cou·tu·ri·er

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/kuˈtʊəriˌeɪ, -iər, -ˈtʊəryeɪ; Fr. kutüˈryeɪ/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[koo-toor-ee-ey, -ee-er, -toor-yey; Fr. koo-ty-ryey]
a person who designs, makes, and sells fashionable clothes for women.

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cou·ture

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/kuˈtʊər; Fr. kuˈtür/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[koo-toor; Fr. koo-tyr]
1. the occupation of a couturier; dressmaking and designing.
2. fashion designers or couturiers collectively.
3. the clothes and related articles designed by such designers.
4. the business establishments of such designers, esp. where clothes are made to order.
–adjective
5. created or produced by a fashion designer: couture clothes.
6. being, having, or suggesting the style, quality, etc., of a fashion designer; very fashionable: the couture look.

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don·nish

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/ˈdɒnɪʃ/ [don-ish]
–adjective
resembling or characteristic of a university don; bookish; pedantic.

—Related forms
don·nish·ly, adverb
don·nish·ness, noun
donnism, noun

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in·e·luc·ta·ble

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/ˌɪnɪˈlʌktəbəl/ [in-i-luhk-tuh-buhl] incapable of being evaded; inescapable: an ineluctable destiny.

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phil·is·tine

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/ˈfɪləˌstin, -ˌstaɪn, fɪˈlɪstɪn, -tin/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation
[fil-uh-steen, -stahyn, fi-lis-tin, -teen]
1. (sometimes initial capital letter) a person who is lacking in or hostile or smugly indifferent to cultural values, intellectual pursuits, aesthetic refinement, etc., or is contentedly commonplace in ideas and tastes.
2. (initial capital letter) a native or inhabitant of ancient Philistia.
–adjective
3. (sometimes initial capital letter) lacking in or hostile to culture.
4. smugly commonplace or conventional.

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jeu·nesse do·rée

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[zhɶ-nes daw-rey]
wealthy, stylish, sophisticated young people.
[Origin: lit., gilded youth]

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sham·bol·ic

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(shām-bŏl'ĭk)
adj. Chiefly British Slang
Disorderly or chaotic: "[The country's] transportation system is in a shambolic state" (London Sunday Times).

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pu·sil·lan·i·mous

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/ˌpyusəˈlænəməs/
[pyoo-suh-lan-uh-muhs]
1. lacking courage or resolution; cowardly; faint-hearted; timid.
2. proceeding from or indicating a cowardly spirit.

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stra·tig·ra·phy

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/strəˈtɪgrəfi/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation
[struh-tig-ruh-fee] –noun a branch of geology dealing with the classification, nomenclature, correlation, and interpretation of stratified rocks.

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dog·ger·el

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/ˈdɔgərəl, ˈdɒgər-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[daw-ger-uhl, dog-er-] –adjective
1. (of verse)
a. comic or burlesque, and usually loose or irregular in measure.
b. rude; crude; poor.
–noun
2. doggerel verse.

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prospicience

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noun
The act of looking forward;
seeing ahead; knowing in advance; foreseeing. prescience is different in that it is the actual knowledge of the future. Prescience and prevision are closer synonyms.

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a·per·çu

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/apɛrˈsü/ (ä'pěr-sü') –noun, plural -çus French.
1. a hasty glance; a glimpse.
2. an immediate estimate or judgment; understanding; insight.
3. an outline or summary.

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as·ymp·tot·ic

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/ˌæsɪmˈtɒtɪk/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[as-im-tot-ik] –adjective Mathematics.
1. of or pertaining to an asymptote.
2. (of a function) approaching a given value as an expression containing a variable tends to infinity.
3. (of two functions) so defined that their ratio approaches unity as the independent variable approaches a limit or infinity.
4. (of a formula) becoming increasingly exact as a variable approaches a limit, usually infinity.
5. coming into consideration as a variable approaches a limit, usually infinity: asymptotic property; asymptotic behavior.

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vul·pine

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(vŭl'pīn')
adj.

1. Of, resembling, or characteristic of a fox.
2. Cunning; clever.

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trans·gress

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/trænsˈgrɛs, trænz-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[trans-gres, tranz-]
–verb (used without object)
1. to violate a law, command, moral code, etc.; offend; sin.
–verb (used with object)
2. to pass over or go beyond (a limit, boundary, etc.): to transgress bounds of prudence.
3. to go beyond the limits imposed by (a law, command, etc.); violate; infringe: to transgress the will of God.

—Related forms
trans·gres·sive, adjective
trans·gres·sive·ly, adverb
trans·gres·sor, noun

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sa·lu·bri·ous

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/səˈlubriəs/ [suh-loo-bree-uhs]

–adjective
favorable to or promoting health; healthful: salubrious air.

—Related forms
sa·lu·bri·ous·ly, adverb
sa·lu·bri·ous·ess, sa·lu·bri·ty /səˈlubrɪti/ [suh-loo-bri-tee] noun

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vol·u·ble

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/ˈvɒlyəbəl/ Pronunciation Key - [vol-yuh-buhl]
–adjective
characterized by a ready and continuous flow of words; fluent; glib; talkative: a voluble spokesman for the cause.

—Related forms
vol·u·bil·i·ty, vol·u·ble·ness, noun
vol·u·bly, adverb

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oeu·vre

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(ɶ'vrə)
n. pl. oeu·vres (ɶ'vrə)

1. A work of art.
2. The sum of the lifework of an artist, writer, or composer.

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quo·tid·i·an

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/kwoʊˈtɪdiən/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[kwoh-tid-ee-uhn]
–adjective
1. daily: a quotidian report.
2. usual or customary; everyday: quotidian needs.
3. ordinary; commonplace: paintings of no more than quotidian artistry.
4. (of a fever, ague, etc.) characterized by paroxysms that recur daily.
–noun
5. something recurring daily.
6. a quotidian fever or ague.
—Related forms
quo·tid·i·an·ly, adverb
quo·tid·i·an·ness, noun

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ex·i·gent

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/ˈɛksɪdʒənt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ek-si-juhnt]
–adjective
1. requiring immediate action or aid; urgent; pressing.
2. requiring a great deal, or more than is reasonable.

—Related forms
ex·i·gent·ly, adverb

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ob·du·rate

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/ˈɒbdʊrɪt, -dyʊ-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ob-doo-rit, -dyoo-] - Show IPA Pronunciation
–adjective
1. unmoved by persuasion, pity, or tender feelings; stubborn; unyielding.
2. stubbornly resistant to moral influence; persistently impenitent: an obdurate sinner.

—Related forms
ob·du·rate·ly, adverb
ob·du·rate·ness, noun

—Synonyms 1. hard, obstinate, callous, unbending, inflexible. 2. unregenerate, reprobate, shameless.
—Antonyms 1. soft, tractable. 2. humble, repentant.

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ab·jure

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/æbˈdʒʊər, -ˈdʒɜr/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ab-joor, -jur] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–verb (used with object), -jured, -jur·ing.
1. to renounce, repudiate, or retract, esp. with formal solemnity; recant: to abjure one's errors.
2. to renounce or give up under oath; forswear: to abjure allegiance.
3. to avoid or shun.

—Related forms
ab·jur·a·to·ry, adjective
ab·jur·er, noun

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ce·no·bite

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/ˈsinəˌbaɪt, ˈsɛnə-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[see-nuh-bahyt, sen-uh-]
–noun
a member of a religious order living in a convent or community.
Also, coenobite.

—Related forms
ce·no·bit·ic /ˌsinəˈbɪtɪk, ˌsɛnə-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[see-nuh-bit-ik, sen-uh-] ce·no·bit·i·cal,
ce·no·bi·an /sɪˈnoʊbiən/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[si-noh-bee-uhn] , adjective
ce·no·bit·i·cal·ly, adverb
ce·no·bit·ism /ˈsinəˌbaɪtɪzəm, ˈsɛnə-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[see-nuh-bahy-tiz-uhm, sen-uh-] , noun

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an·ti·no·mi·an

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(ān'tĭ-nō'mē-ən)
n. An adherent of antinomianism.

adj.

1. Of or relating to the doctrine of antinomianism.
2. Opposed to or denying the fixed meaning or universal applicability of moral law: "By raising segregation and racial persecution to the ethical level of law, it puts into practice the antinomian rules of Orwell's world. Evil becomes good, inhumanity is interpreted as charity, egoism as compassion" (Elie Wiesel).

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myth·o·poe·ic

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/ˌmɪθəˈpiɪk/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[mith-uh-pee-ik]
–adjective
of or pertaining to the making of myths; causing, producing, or giving rise to myths.
Also, myth·o·po·et·ic /ˌmɪθəpoʊˈɛtɪk/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[mith-uh-poh-et-ik]

—Related forms
myth·o·poe·ism, noun
myth·o·poe·ist, noun

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lo·cus

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(lō'kəs)
n. pl. lo·ci (-sī', -kē, -kī')

1. A locality; a place.
2. A center or focus of great activity or intense concentration: "the cunning exploitation of loci of power; the insulation from normal American society" (Clifton Fadiman).
3. Mathematics The set or configuration of all points whose coordinates satisfy a single equation or one or more algebraic conditions.
4. The position that a given gene occupies on a chromosome.

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im·bri·cate

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(ĭm'brĭ-kāt')
adj. Having regularly arranged, overlapping edges, as roof tiles or fish scales.

v. im·bri·cat·ed, im·bri·cat·ing, im·bri·cates

v. tr.
To overlap in a regular pattern.

v. intr.
To be arranged with regular overlapping edges.
im'bri·ca'tion n.

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fun·gi·ble

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/ˈfʌndʒəbəl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[fuhn-juh-buhl]
–adjective Law.
(esp. of goods) being of such nature or kind as to be freely exchangeable or replaceable, in whole or in part, for another of like nature or kind.

—Related forms
fun·gi·bil·i·ty, noun

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la·bile

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Pronunciation: 'lA-"bIl, -b&l
Function: adjective
: readily or frequently changing: as a : readily or continually undergoing chemical, physical, or biological change or breakdown <a labile antigen> b : characterized by wide fluctuations (as in blood pressure or glucose tolerance) <labile hypertension> <labile diabetes> c : emotionally unstable —la·bil·i·ty /lA-'bil-&t-E/ noun plural -ties

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o·nan·ism

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[oh-nuh-niz-uhm]
–noun
1. withdrawal of the penis in sexual intercourse so that ejaculation takes place outside the vagina; coitus interruptus.
2. masturbation.
—Related forms
o·nan·ist, noun
o·nan·is·tic, adjective

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pet·ti·fog

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/ˈpɛtiˌfɒg, -ˌfɔg/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[pet-ee-fog, -fawg]
–verb (used without object), -fogged, -fog·ging.
1. to bicker or quibble over trifles or unimportant matters.
2. to carry on a petty, shifty, or unethical law business.
3. to practice chicanery of any sort.

—Related forms
pet·ti·fog·ger, noun
pet·ti·fog·ger·y, noun

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pro·te·an

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/ˈproʊtiən, proʊˈti-/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[proh-tee-uhn, proh-tee-]
1. readily assuming different forms or characters; extremely variable.
2. changeable in shape or form, as an amoeba.
3. (of an actor or actress) versatile; able to play many kinds of roles.
4. (initial capital letter) of, pertaining to, or suggestive of Proteus.

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ris·i·ble

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/ˈrɪzəbəl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[riz-uh-buhl]
–adjective
1. causing or capable of causing laughter; laughable; ludicrous.
2. having the ability, disposition, or readiness to laugh.
3. pertaining to or connected with laughing.

—Synonyms 1. funny, humorous, comical.

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pro·drome

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(prō'drōm')
n. pl. pro·dromes or pro·dro·ma·ta (-drō'mə-tə)
An early symptom indicating the onset of an attack or a disease.

pro·dro'mal (-drō'məl), pro·drom'ic (-drŏm'ĭk) adj.

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chres·tom·a·thy

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/krɛsˈtɒməθi/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[kres-tom-uh-thee]
–noun, plural -thies.
a collection of selected literary passages, often by one author and esp. from a foreign language.

—Related forms
chres·to·math·ic /ˌkrɛstəˈmæθɪk/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[kres-tuh-math-ik], adjective

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noc·tam·bu·lism

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/nɒkˈtæmbyəˌlɪzəm/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[nok-tam-byuh-liz-uhm]
–noun
somnambulism.
Also, noc·tam·bu·la·tion.

—Related forms
noc·tam·bu·list, noc·tam·bule /nɒkˈtæmbyul/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[nok-tam-byool] , noun

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ex·i·gent

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/ˈɛksɪdʒənt/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ek-si-juhnt]
–adjective
1. requiring immediate action or aid; urgent; pressing.
2. requiring a great deal, or more than is reasonable.
Also, exigeant.

—Related forms
ex·i·gent·ly, adverb

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en·tel·e·chy

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/ɛnˈtɛləki/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[en-tel-uh-kee]
–noun, plural -chies.
1. a realization or actuality as opposed to a potentiality.
2. (in vitalist philosophy) a vital agent or force directing growth and life.

—Related forms
en·te·lech·i·al /ˌɛntəˈlɛkiəl/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[en-tuh-lek-ee-uhl] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation, adjective

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Eunoia

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is the shortest English word containing all five main vowel graphemes. It comes from the Greek word εύνοια which means well mind.

It is a rarely used medical term referring to a state of normal mental health.

In book eight of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle uses the term (in Greek) to refer to the kind and benevolent feelings of goodwill a spouse has which form the basis for the ethical foundation of human life.[1]

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cy·no·sure

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Pronunciation: 'sI-n&-"shur, 'si-
Function: noun
Etymology: Middle French & Latin; Middle French, Ursa Minor, guide, from Latin cynosura Ursa Minor, from Greek kynosoura, from kynos oura, literally, dog's tail
1 capitalized : the northern constellation Ursa Minor; also : NORTH STAR
2 : one that serves to direct or guide
3 : a center of attraction or attention <turned an eyesore into a cynosure -- Catherine Reynolds>

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explanandum

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noun
logic) a statement of something (a fact or thing or expression) to be explained [syn: explicandum]

The explanandum is the thing or problem that needs to be explained.

Consider the following sentence: The man died because he was shot. In this sentence, the explanandum is "the man died." The explanans, on the other hand, is the reason that the man died, "because he was shot."

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con·strue

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(kən-strōō')
v. con·strued, con·stru·ing, con·strues

v. tr.

1. To adduce or explain the meaning of; interpret: construed my smile as assent. See Synonyms at explain.
2. Grammar
1. To analyze the structure of (a clause or sentence).
2. To use syntactically: The noun fish can be construed as singular or plural.
3. To translate, especially aloud.


v. intr.

1. To analyze grammatical structure.
2. To be subject to grammatical analysis.


n. (kŏn'strōō')
An interpretation or translation.


con·stru'al n.

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Ostension

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\Os*ten"sion\, n. [L. ostensio a showing: cf. F. ostension. See Ostend.] (Eccl.) The showing of the sacrament on the altar in order that it may receive the adoration of the communicants.

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wunderkammer

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Cabinets of curiosities (also known as Wunderkammer or wonder-rooms) were collections of types of objects we now regard as quite separate, but whose boundaries were in the Renaissance yet to be defined. They included specimens we would now categorise as belonging to natural history (sometimes faked), geology, ethnography, archaeology, religious or historical relics, works of art, including cabinet paintings, and antiquities. Some belonged to rulers, aristocrats or merchants, others to early practitioners of science in Europe, and were precursors to museums of different sorts.

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pas de deux

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Pronunciation: -'d&(r), -'dü
Function: noun
Inflected Form(s): plural pas de deux /-'d&r(z), -'d&(z), -'dü(z)/
Etymology: French, literally, step for two
1 : a dance or figure for two performers
2 : an intricate relationship or activity involving two parties or things

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ir·ra·di·ance

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Pronunciation: i-'rA-dE-&n(t)s
Function: noun
1 : RADIANCE 1
2 : the density of radiation incident on a given surface usually expressed in watts per square centimeter or square meter

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in·so·la·tion

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Pronunciation: "in-(")sO-'lA-sh&n
Function: noun
Etymology: French or Latin; French, from Latin insolation-, insolatio, from insolare to expose to the sun, from in- + sol sun -- more at SOLAR
1 : exposure to the sun's rays
2 : SUNSTROKE
3 a : solar radiation that has been received b : the rate of delivery of direct solar radiation per unit of horizontal surface; broadly : that relating to total solar radiation

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proprioception

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(prō'prē-ō-sěp'shən)
The unconscious perception of movement and spatial orientation arising from stimuli within the body itself. In humans, these stimuli are detected by nerves within the body itself, as well as by the semicircular canals of the inner ear.

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ep·on·y·mous

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/əˈpɒnəməs/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[uh-pon-uh-muhs]
–adjective giving one's name to a tribe, place, etc.: Romulus, the eponymous founder of Rome.

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ep·o·nym

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/ˈɛpənɪm/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[ep-uh-nim]
–noun
1. a person, real or imaginary, from whom something, as a tribe, nation, or place, takes or is said to take its name: Brut, the supposed grandson of Aeneas, is the eponym of the Britons.
2. a word based on or derived from a person's name.
3. any ancient official whose name was used to designate his year of office.

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mul·ish

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/ˈmyulɪʃ/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[myoo-lish]
–adjective
of or like a mule, as being very stubborn, obstinate, or intractable.
—Related forms
mul·ish·ly, adverb
mul·ish·ness, noun

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graph·eme

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/ˈgræfim/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation[graf-eem] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation
–noun Linguistics.
1. a minimal unit of a writing system.
2. a unit of a writing system consisting of all the written symbols or sequences of written symbols that are used to represent a single phoneme.

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redact

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noun
1. someone who puts text into appropriate form for publication

verb
1. formulate in a particular style or language; "I wouldn't put it that way"; "She cast her request in very polite language" [syn: frame]
2. prepare for publication or presentation by correcting, revising, or adapting; "Edit a book on lexical semantics"; "she edited the letters of the politician so as to omit the most personal passages" [syn: edit]