Advanced Cell Biology

Front 1

Which of the following pairs of atoms form ionic bonds?

Back 1

Sodium, Chlorine

Front 2

Electronegativity is a measure of the

Back 2

attractive pull that an atomic nucleus exerts on electrons

Front 3

The tree of life that supports the proposal that all life can be divided into three domains (eukaryotes, eubacteria, and archaea) is based upon

Back 3

alignments of rRNA gene sequence present in all organisms

Front 4

Carbon atoms in a molecule form 4 covalent bonds with other atoms because

Back 4

sharing electrons in 4 covalent bonds completes the outer electron shell of the carbon atom

Front 5

The endosymbiotic hypothesis proposes that the engulfment of the prokaryotic organism by a primitive eukaryotic organism is the origin of

Back 5

Mitrochondria and chloropasts

Front 6

All prokaryotic cells differ from all eukaryotic cells because

Back 6

prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus

Front 7

Which of the following chemical groups is nonpolar?

Back 7

Methyl group CH3

Front 8

The change from glutamic acid codon to valine codon in the beta globin gene in the human genetic disease sickle cell anemia

Back 8

places a hydrophobic side chain on the surface of the protein

Front 9

Which of the following is NEVER a part of a RNA nucleotide?

Back 9

Thymine and deoxyribose

Front 10

The primary structure of a protein is

Back 10

specified by the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes that protein

Front 11

Which part of a protein can participate in stabilizing secondary structure through hydrogen bonding?

Back 11

The double bond to oxygen and the H bonded to nitrogen on the polypeptide backbone

Front 12

The carboxy-terminus of a protein polymer is the O- end or the N+ end?

Back 12

O-

Front 13

An infectious agent that causes mad cow disease is a misfolded protein called a

Back 13

prion

Front 14

ATP is ..

Back 14

An energy carrier and an RNA nucleotide

Front 15

Ribose is a ...

Back 15

5 carbon sugar with an OH group on Carbon's 1,2,3 and 5

Front 16

How many double-stranded DNA molecules are present in a single unreplicated chromosome?

Back 16

one

Front 17

Which of the following occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?

Back 17

Translation

Front 18

Which of the following sequences is found in a eukaryotic promoter?

Back 18

TATA box

Front 19

True of False: The overall structure and the catalytic activities of the ribosome are largely dependent on rRNA rather than on ribosomal proteins.

Back 19

True

Front 20

Phosphorylation of RNA polymerase bound to a promoter results in

Back 20

RNA polymerase moving off the promoter and initiating synthesis of the transcript and the binding of the RNA processing enzymes to the RNA polymerase complex.

Front 21

General transcription factors are

Back 21

required for transcription of most genes

Front 22

Which of the following would NOT be found in an exon?

Back 22

The promoter

Front 23

Any mRNA transcripts that do not have a 5' cap or polyA tail are rapidly

Back 23

degraded

Front 24

Sugars are hydrophilic because most of the carbon atoms in the sugar are covalently bonded to which chemical group?

Back 24

Hydroxyl group (-OH)

Front 25

X inactivation in mammals occurs

Back 25

to decrease the level of X Chromosome transcripts in females

Front 26

Which of the following is a post-translational modification found on histone tails

Back 26

Phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation

Front 27

Which of the following base pairs with the pre-mRNA to define intron/exon borders during splicing?

Back 27

snRNA

Front 28

An Enzyme that adds a phosphate group to a protein is called a

Back 28

kinase

Front 29

Binding of antigen to immunoglobulins displayed on the cell surface of B cells cause B cells to

Back 29

proliferate and secrete large amounts of antibody into the blood stream.

Front 30

True of False: On a given chromosome, either DNA strand can serve as the template strand, so different genes on the same chromosome may be transcribed in opposite directions.

Back 30

True

Front 31

Alpha helices and beta sheets are examples of

Back 31

protein structures stabilized by hydrogen bonds between groups within the peptide backbone.

Front 32

Which of the following molecular machines base pairs RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides?

Back 32

RNA polymerase

Front 33

The designations 5' and 3' refer to

Back 33

positions of carbons in the sugar of a nucleotide.

Front 34

Alternative splicing results in

Back 34

inclusion of different combinations of exons from the pre-mRNA in the mature mRNA.

Front 35

Which post-translational modification targets a protein for proteolysis in the proteasome?

Back 35

ubiquitin

Front 36

True or False: In human genes, introns can be very large so that in some cases more than half of the RNA in the pre-mRNA transcript will be removed from the mature transcript during splicing.

Back 36

TRUE

Front 37

The "beads on a string" first level of DNA compaction is made by DNA being wrapped around a

Back 37

Histone core.

Front 38

According to the RNA world hypothesis

Back 38

RNA was the first hereditary and catalytic molecule of evolving life.

Front 39

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are key players in which process?

Back 39

Translation of the nucleic acid code of an mRNA into protein.

Front 40

When a ribosome encounters a stop codon,

Back 40

The ribosome disassembles, releasing the mRNA

Front 41

The serine codon 5' UCA 3' is bound by which anticodon by which anticodon in a tRNA?

Back 41

5' UGA 3'