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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define continuous trait |
continuous trait(continues variation ) t=one that can take on a potentially infinite number of states over continuous range, typically having complex inheritance involving multiple gene plus environmental factors |
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define categorical trait |
categorical trait (dicontnuious variation)=one that can take on a limited number of states whereby the individual in a population can be sorted into discrete groups or catagories, usually having simple inheritance and the environment has little or no effect on phenotype |
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define threhold trait |
threshold trait= individuals develop the disease(phenotype) after exceeding a threhold of a certain number of risk factors |
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define mean varaiance standard deviation normal distubution |
mean = average variance=a measure of dispersion about the mean;equal to the expected value of the squared deviation standard deviation= the square root of the variance normal distribution = bell-shaped symmetrical frequency distribution curve |
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define correlation correlation coefficent scatter plot |
correlation= the tendency of one variable to vary in proportion to anther variable either positively or negatively correlation coefficient, r= a measure of the association between 2 variables scattter plot= a graph in which 2 varables are plotted along 2 axes, the pattern of the results point revealing any correlation present |
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define broad-sense heritability (H2) |
broad-sense heritability(H2)= an estimate of the part of a phenotypic varience is due to genetic differences amoung indivduals in a population with in a single generation |
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explain the importance of inbred strains and identical (monozygotic) twins to the study of complex triaits |
inbred strains are used to reduce any genetic variation, -identical twins that are speratied at birth and raised in different enviroment are used to eesitmate heritablity in humans |
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define the 3 types of genetic variation 1.additive 2.dominace 3.interaction |
1.additive genetic varaince= the contribtuion to the value of a quantitative triat by certain allese which is add afixed amount 2.Dominance genetic varaince= the contribution of the values of a quantitative resultingfrom domiance relationships between allee of genes 3.Interaction genetic variance= the contribtuion of the value of quantitative trait resulting from epistatic relation ship between genes |
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define quantitative trait locus & QTL mapping |
Quantitative trait locus= a gene contributing to the phenotypic variation in a trait the shows comlex inheritance QTL mapping- a method of locating QTL in the genome and characterizing the effects of QTL on trait behavior |
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define and interpert Lod score |
Lod score = the log10 of odds ratio odds ratio is the probaltiy of that phenotype if QTL is linked /probablity of that phenotype if no QTL is linked |
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define genome-wide approach study(GWAS) and interpret a Manhattan plot |
Genome Wide Approach Study(GWAS)= a research method that looks for assciation between traits and marker loci throughout the entire genome in a random mating population manhattan plot= specail type of scatter plot for GWAS data, |
