Adv 2

Front 1

folacin deficiency in various stages of the life cycle can lead to:

Back 1

birth defects, gastrointestinal tract disorder, impairment of cell division

Front 2

pyridoxine (B6) is necessary for producing:

Back 2

active coenzyme forms for folacin in human metabolism

Front 3

supplemental form of folacin, absorbed more efficiently that natural food forms

Back 3

monoglutamate form ("folic acid")

Front 4

pteridine nucleus is a component of:

Back 4

folacin derivatives

Front 5

a ligand is a type of:

Back 5

phytoestrogen

Front 6

lignin

Back 6

form of dietary fiber (non-CHO)

Front 7

lignan

Back 7

class of phytoestrogens

Front 8

Vit B12 has no:

Back 8

UL

Front 9

the main source for vit B12 in natural systems (natural foods) is:

Back 9

microbial syunthesis

Front 10

reliable source for vit B12 for vegans:

Back 10

nutritional yeast

Front 11

what vitamin is important for the reaction pyruvate + carbon dioxide = oxaloacetate

Back 11

biotin

Front 12

thiamin functions in:

Back 12

decarboxylation

Front 13

nicotinic acid helps elevate:

Back 13

HDL

Front 14

functions in amino acid metabolism

Back 14

Vit B12

Front 15

necessary for the conversion of homocystein to cystathionine

Back 15

pyuridoxine (Vit B6)

Front 16

a drug that interferes with the homocysteine methyl transferase reaction may increase risk for:

Back 16

CVD

Front 17

deficiency of vit B12 will produce the same type of anemia as a deficiency of folacin:

Back 17

megaloblastic anemia

Front 18

can be methylated to methionine

Back 18

homocysteine

Front 19

the main supplement form recommended for vit B12 is:

Back 19

cyanocobalamin

Front 20

an active coenzyme of vit B12 that participates in human metabolism:

Back 20

adenosylcobalamin

Front 21

Vit K deficiency is most likely due to:

Back 21

oral antibiotic therapy

Front 22

is a supplement currently sold in the US, can be synthesized in human metabolism, is fromed from methionine

Back 22

SAMe

Front 23

functions for oxidize iron so iron can be transported in the blood

Back 23

ceruloplasmin

Front 24

poultry protein, ascorbic acid, and fish protein enchances absorption of:

Back 24

non-heme iron

Front 25

major function for thiamin is:

Back 25

ATP formation

Front 26

best selection for involvement in carnitine synthesis:

Back 26

ascorbic acid

Front 27

Vit E and Vit C work together in:

Back 27

antioxidant pathways

Front 28

transketolase is activated by:

Back 28

TDP

Front 29

involved in energy metabolism

Back 29

pantothenic acid

Front 30

folacin deficiency causes impairment in:

Back 30

pyrimidine/purine synthesis

Front 31

lowers risk for DNA damage

Back 31

folacin

Front 32

activates 5-methyl THF, necessary for the methionine synthase reaction, deficiency induces large cell anemia, deficiency impairs nerve function

Back 32

Vit B12

Front 33

biochemical action that relates most closely to folic acid:

Back 33

formyl group transfer

Front 34

directs cellular differentiation of epithelial cells:

Back 34

retinol (Vit A)

Front 35

main coenzyme involved in the alanine amino transferase reaction:

Back 35

PLP (B6)

Front 36

deficiency causes scurvy with symptions related to poor connective tissue formation:

Back 36

ascorbic acid

Front 37

primary function of Vit D:

Back 37

calcium homeostasis

Front 38

iron shares a common absorption pathway with:

Back 38

zinc

Front 39

an antioxidant, can help protect cell membrane integrity:

Back 39

vit E

Front 40

cobalt is involved in:

Back 40

methionine synthesis

Front 41

main active coenzyme forms for folic acid are derivatives of:

Back 41

tetra-hydrofolic acid

Front 42

iodine is a constituent of:

Back 42

thyroxine

Front 43

major role of riboflavin:

Back 43

component of FAD

Front 44

adding an -OH to various biochemicals, protection of nitric oxide, synthesis of norepinephrine

Back 44

vit C

Front 45

important for maintenance of normal blood pressure

Back 45

potassium

Front 46

important for phosphorylation reactions and therefore involved in energy metabolism

Back 46

magnesium

Front 47

an isothiocyanate, may lower risk for gastric ulcers, found at high levels in certain brassica vegetables

Back 47

sulforaphane

Front 48

stilbenes, isoflavones, lignans

Back 48

phytoestrogens

Front 49

flax is a major source of:

Back 49

dietary lignans

Front 50

phytosterols have this effect on blood cholesterol levels:

Back 50

reduce

Front 51

deficiency in copper induces:

Back 51

hypochromic, mycrocytic anemia

Front 52

in the urine of patients exhibiting vit B12 deficiency, methylmalonic acid:

Back 52

increases

Front 53

amount of Vit B12 absorbed by diffusion:

Back 53

1-3 %

Front 54

red cell breakage used as an assessment measure for which nutrient:

Back 54

tocotrienols/tocopherols

Front 55

bone mineral loss may increase due to:

Back 55

proton pump blockers

Front 56

intrinsic factor and ileum receptors enhance absorption of:

Back 56

Vit B12

Front 57

intakes of zinc over the UL may induce:

Back 57

hypochromic, microcytic anemia

Front 58

nutritional yeast, tempeh, cheese:

Back 58

dietary sources for Vit B12

Front 59

best method for vit B12 administration:

Back 59

pill form

Front 60

sodium recommendation for older adults:

Back 60

1500 mg/day

Front 61

needed for activity of glutathione peroxidase:

Back 61

selenium

Front 62

ionic form of iron absorbed most efficiently:

Back 62

Fe +2

Front 63

functions in decarboxylation reactions, is a fatty acid derivative, can function as an antioxidant

Back 63

lipoic acid

Front 64

potassium recommendation

Back 64

4700 mg/day

Front 65

B6 and iron lead to:

Back 65

poorly colored and small red cell (hypochromic and microcytic)

Front 66

copper, zinc, and manganese are required for:

Back 66

superoxide dismutase activity

Front 67

ascorbic acid reduces:

Back 67

inorganic iron allowing more efficient absorption into gut cells

Front 68

certain forms of kidney disease can increase risk for:

Back 68

bone disease

Front 69

activation of osteocalcin is related to:

Back 69

vit K

Front 70

pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine (all converted to PLP)

Back 70

forms of vit B6

Front 71

main form of vit B6 in the blood; needs riboflavin

Back 71

pyridoxal phosphate

Front 72

coenzyme form of vit B6

Back 72

PLP

Front 73

tryptophan converted to this with vit C

Back 73

serotonin

Front 74

decarboxylation

Back 74

-CO2

Front 75

tyrosine converted to:

Back 75

dopamine

Front 76

histidine converted to:

Back 76

histamine

Front 77

methionine converted to:

Back 77

niacin

Front 78

vit B6 RDA

Back 78

1.3 mg

Front 79

B6 necessary for production of:

Back 79

heme

Front 80

deficiency of B6, Fe, Cu

Back 80

hypochromic, microcytic anemia

Front 81

LOAE for vit B6

Back 81

500 mg/day

Front 82

found in the urine after a tryptophan load

Back 82

xanthurenic acid

Front 83

folic acid supplement doesn't need to be activated by:

Back 83

methylation

Front 84

Fe -> Fe

Back 84

+2 -> +3

Front 85

Transketolase is activated by:

Back 85

TDP

Front 86

large doses of nicotinic acid may lower:

Back 86

LDL cholesterol

Front 87

nicotinic acid may have this effect on blood sugar:

Back 87

worsen

Front 88

form of niacin used for blood lipid control

Back 88

acid form

Front 89

form of nicotinic acid more apt to cause hepatotoxicity

Back 89

slow release

Front 90

if an enzyme is activated in vitro, the pt is in this nutritional status:

Back 90

poor

Front 91

main coenzyme in vit B6 metabolism:

Back 91

PLP

Front 92

SAMe cannot be taken by patients using:

Back 92

MAOI's

Front 93

used as treatment for certain depressive disorders and osteoarthritis

Back 93

SAMe

Front 94

SAMe cannot be used by patients with:

Back 94

bipolar

Front 95

used for estimating the nutritional status for riboflavin

Back 95

glutathione reductase

Front 96

Vit C increases absorption of:

Back 96

inorganic iron

Front 97

spongy bleeding gums, petechial hemorrhage, ecchymoses (bruises) and perifolliculosis

Back 97

signs of vit C deficiency

Front 98

the chewable acid forms of vit C may cause:

Back 98

dental erosion

Front 99

may improve dilation of the small blood vessels that control pressure, to reduce BP

Back 99

vit C

Front 100

soy foods, wheat germ, rice bran, almond, walnut, peanuts, pistachio, canola oil

Back 100

full spectrum vit-E foods

Front 101

RDA for Vit E

Back 101

1.5 IU

Front 102

protects cell membranes, protects lung tissue from air oxidants, protects eicosanoids (made from EFA's)

Back 102

functions of Vit E

Front 103

hydrogen peroxide hemolysis test is this kind of test

Back 103

functional test

Front 104

dark green leaves, deep yellow/orange fruit/vegetable, red sweet pepper, broccoli, red tomato

Back 104

food sources of lycopene

Front 105

astaxanthin

Back 105

pink color in sea food

Front 106

1 RAE =

Back 106

1 mcg retinol or 12 mcg b-carotene

Front 107

night blindness, bitot's spots, xerosis and xerophthalmia, keratomalacia, blindness, cirrhosis, follicular hyperkeratosis of the skin and susceptability to cancer

Back 107

signs of vit A deficiency

Front 108

lower percentage of RDR is:

Back 108

good

Front 109

deficient <10, marginal 10-30, acceptable >30

Back 109

normal serum retinol

Front 110

visual fxn test measured by:

Back 110

light/dark adaptation

Front 111

fish liver oils are very high in:

Back 111

retinol and vit D

Front 112

AMD stands for:

Back 112

age-related macular degeneration

Front 113

amount of lycopene in tomato juice

Back 113

24 mg

Front 114

lower LDL, increase blood homocystein, reduce adipose tissue lipolysis

Back 114

niacin

Front 115

transketolase is activated by:

Back 115

thiamin containing coenzyme

Front 116

promote synthesis of biogenic amines is an action of:

Back 116

vit B6

Front 117

supplements meet appropriate standards for absorption like those established by the USP

Back 117

vit C

Front 118

excellent source of vit C supplement

Back 118

calcium ascorbate

Front 119

current RDA for young adult male is:

Back 119

90 mg

Front 120

RDA for young adult female:

Back 120

75 mg

Front 121

phylloquinone refers to what nutrient:

Back 121

vit K

Front 122

bitot spot is a deficiency of:

Back 122

vit A

Front 123

an ezyme activated in vitro, the pt is of:

Back 123

poor nutritional status