Adult Psychopathology: Week 6 Lecture

Front 1

Hamlet and his father

Back 1

Hamlet sees ghost of his father who tells him now that he was murdered.
1. His brother poisoned him in his sleep through the ear
a. warns Hamlet not to let uncle have sex with wife in HIS bed

Front 2

Act 1 Scene 5: Hamlets Father

Back 2

- in most plays Hamlet gets HYSTERICAL here without restraint. (will not forget what father said )

b. Hamlet's life is over now that he has to kill his uncle, the king
- also brings attention of the audience that this is a play (does this whenever gets mad)
- threatens to erase all of notes written in books
- writes down that he can smile and be villian
- completely out of his mind, overwhelmed by emotion and disturbed in judgment

Front 3

Act 1 Scene 5: Horation and Marcellus rush to save Hamlet

Back 3

1. What news? they ask
2. Hamlet says that its wonderful but wont tell becuase they will reveal it
3. they beg him tell them
4. but hamlet tells them nothing and to swear not to mention what they saw that night. GHOST also tells them to swear it

Front 4

Act 1 Scene 5: hamlet talks about stage

Back 4

Hamlet talks about the stage, "about the fellow in the cellars" who tells them to swear also, alluding to fact that its not a ghost but actor.
- he is breaking boundaries of life and art recognizing that it is a play. HAVING A MANIC EPISODE!!!

Front 5

Act 1 Scene 5: What does it mean to put antic disposition on?

Back 5

Hamlet says that he might be playing a role.
Might act in a fake and manufactured way.
Warns them not to let anyone know
ANTIC IS CLOSE TO MANIC. HAMLET ACTS THIS WAY EVEN WHEN NO ONE IS AROUND TO WITNESS IT

Front 6

Act 1 Scene 5: horatio warned hamlet of becoming insane before left with ghost

Back 6

1. Horatio finds Hamlet after and Hamlet is in fact acting crazy and warns horatio not to tell
2. HAMLET IS EXPERIENCING A MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE
3. HE IS ALSO HYPOMANIC
4. IN ACTUALITY HE IS USING THE ACT OF BEING MAD TO DEFEND AGAINST GOING MAD

Front 7

Act 1 Scene 5: Ophelia goes to polonius upset

Back 7

1. She tells her dad how crazy hamlet is acting. He was dirty, without a hat, and without guarders. "looked as if loosened out of hell"
THIS IS HER ASSOCIATION - tells of most cartooned version of Hamlet's acting and touched by the show he just put on fo r her

2. Hamlet came to say bye to her and doesnt tell her what happened. Instead using her bc he knows she will tell her father. Loves her but mistrusts her

IN ALMOST EVERY SCENE PEOPLE ARE SETTING UP PEOPLE TO PLAY PARTS

Front 8

Act 2 Scene 2 line 85: Polonius

Back 8

1. polonius tells king and queens hamlet is going crazy. "noble son is mad"
2. relates love letters from hamlet and ophelia
3. Polonius arranges another play, one in which ophelia will speak to Hamlet so that they can tell if Hamlet's madness comes from his love for her
4. polonius speaks to hamlet and determines that hes mad

Front 9

NEUROSCIENCE: nervous system

Back 9

1. Made up of CNS and PNS

Front 10

Peripheral nervous system

Back 10

Contains:
a. autonomic and somatic nervous system
- autonomic contains => sympathetic and parasympathetic

Front 11

Central Nervous System

Back 11

brain and spinal chord

Front 12

How is Brain organized?

Back 12

Hindbrain takes info that has come up from the spinal column from the sensory ns and sensory organs and feeds to midbrain

Front 13

Brain organization at midbrain

Back 13

from there infro is prcessed, reined and hsarted with cortex, affecting PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL experience

- clusters of neurons project info from midbrain to brain lobes, creating experience of thought, anxiety, and mood. Pathways respond to dopamine, seratonin and norepinephrine

Front 14

Parts of brain

Back 14

Brainstem: pons, medulla oblangata, reticular formation
Midbrain: tegmentum, tectum
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Corpus Callosum
Cerebral Cortex

Front 15

Neurotransmitters 2 kinds: ionotropic, metabotropic

Back 15

Ionotropic Receptors- nt's open channels at the receptor's center which allows ions to enter the cell

Metabotropic receptors- nts cause receptors to create a G- protein which opens ion channels or creates a second messenger that switches on DNA in the neuron
- leads to celluar changes like adding of receptors, creating more nts etc

Front 16

Metabotropic receptors involvement in BIOCHEMICAL CASCADE

Back 16

Includes the activation of G-protein => stimulation/ inhibition of an effector enzyme in membrane of post-synaptic cell => increase in synthesis or breakdown of second messenger => biochemical/ physiological changes in post-synaptic cell

- biochemical cascade causes diff changes in neuron like long-lasting change in gene expression. --> accounts for storing of memories in some neurons or set of routines like recognizing faces, remembering how to dance etc.

Front 17

Catecholamine: neurotransmitters are important for thought arousal and anxiety

Back 17

Tyrosine hydroxylase
Aromatic amino acide decarboxylase

Dopamine B-hydroxylase

Front 18

Tyrosine hydroxylase
Aromatic amino acide decarboxylase

Back 18

create dopamine (DA)

Front 19

Dopamine B-hydroxylase

Back 19

creates norepinephrine (NE)

Front 20

Dopaminergic Neurons

Back 20

1. create vesicles at terminal boutons and then move vesicle to cell membrane releasing DA into synapse

Front 21

what else do dopaminergic neurons have? (2)

Back 21

Autoreceptors: which also recieve DA working lik ea thermostat. - If autoreceptors take in a certain amount of DA neurons stop releasing DA into synapse

Transporters: take up excess DA in synapse

Process maintains balance of DA in synapse. Dopamine levels are key to proper functioning