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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Seizure
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single event of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain resulting in an abrupt and temporary altered state of cerebral function
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What are the main reasons seizures occur?
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febrile state
infection |
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What is the difference in simple partial vs complex partial seizures
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simple has no change in LOC
complex has a change in LOC |
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What is the difference btw absence seizures and tonic-clonic seizures?
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absence is a period where there is no activity occuring
tonic-clonic has motor manifestations |
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When activity from a simple partial seizure spreads, what is this manifested by?
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Jacksonian march
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S&S of simple partial seizure
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Abnormal sensation/hallucinations
Changes in VS Inappropriate fear/anxiety |
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What are complex partial seizures characterized by?
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repetitive, non-purposeful activity
consciousness impaired, amnesia |
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*What type of seizure is consciousness always impaired in?
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Generalized seizures(both petit and grand mal)
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Common manifestations of absence(petit mal) seizures include what?
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blank stare, eye fluttering, lip smacking
unresponsiveness |
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What type of seizure is often preceded by a "warning aura"?
Characterizations of this? |
Grand Mal Seizures
metallic taste in mouth, burned rubber smell, bright light! |
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What diagnostic tests are performed for seizures?
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*EEG and MRI
CT scan Skull x-ray Lumbar puncture |
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Main medicinal treatment for Epilepsy?
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Dilantin and Tegretol(AEDs)
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What separates a TIA from strokes?
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TIAs are brief and effects are no more than 24 hours in duration
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What is a thrombotic stroke?
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stroke from occluded vessel by blood clot
occurs rapidly and progresses slowly often affects older individuals at night |
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What is an embolic stroke
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stroke from blood clot or clump of matter where it is lodged in a vessel that is too narrow
occurs in clients that are awake and active sudden onset and immediate effects |
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What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
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When the vessel actually ruptures
Usually the result of chronic HTN Rapid onset and extremely deadly |
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What is RIND?
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much like a TIA, lasts 24-72hrs w/ no permanent brain damage
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Define agnosia
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inability to recognize common things
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Define apraxia
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inability to carry out motor functions
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Hemiplegia vs. hemiparesis
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paralysis vs weakness
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Anticoagulants can only be used for what type of stroke?
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Ischemic!
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Treatment for Strokes
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Prevention is best
Afterwards: thrombolytic therapy, anticoag, antiplatelets, Ca Channel Blockers, Stool softeners Surgery- Carotid endartectomy |
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What is a nurses focus on a stroke Pt?
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Any change in neurological status-can indicate impending stroke!
Complications of surgeries/drugs |
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Glascow Coma Scale
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Used to evaluate Consciousness after injury
Monitors: eye opening, motor response, and verbal response score ranges from 3-15 but acceptable score is dependent on what the injury was and when it occured |
