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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whare some general changes that happen in the Skeletal System?
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-cartilate in joints deteriorates
-bones lose density *espeically in women (begins around age 30) *older mailes and females more at risk for fractures |
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What is osteoporosis?
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-Disorder where bones become thin and brittle (because loss of density)
*Women with it may lose up to 50% of bone mass between age 40-70. |
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What causes osteoporosis? How can it be prevented?
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It's caused by depletion of calcium (affects 25% of women over age 60).
It's partly GENETICS, but also preventable: -no smoking! (really significant risk factor) -Diet: Dairy products, Vit. D -Exercise: Weight bearing activities -Estrogen replacement therapy (Gets depleated through menopause) only if has osteperosis -Medication to slow breakdown of bone (Fosamax) |
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What is Arthritist?
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General term for disorders cuasing pain, loss of movement, and usually inflammation of the joints.
*It's the most common chronic condition of older adults (2 most common forms: Rheumatoid Arthritis & Osteoarthritis) |
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What is rheumatoid arthritist?
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Inflammation of synovial membrane (eventually cartilage may be damamged and deformed)
-It's not necessarily in old age. -Affects more women than men -May be linked to autoimmune problems |
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What is osteoarthritis?
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-It's the wear and tear on joints.
-It's milder and more commong than RA (rheumatoid arthritis) -Cartilage breaks down. Bones begin rubbing bones -Joint is chronically inflamed. |
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What are the causes of arthritis and treatments?
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-Causes: mostly unknown
-Treatment: *Pain and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication *Exercise and physical therapy *Joint replacement |
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What happens th the Cardiovascular System with aging?
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Heart & Blood vessels=system
General Changes: -Heart (muscle) becomes less flexible -Ability to pump faster under stress declines: "CARDIAC RESERVE" -Heart output decreases (blood pressure increases (age 20)--Mild is OK, significant increase is dangerous). |
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Cardiovascular Diseases
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-leading cause of death in US (40% of all deaths)
-PREVENTABLE!! DIET AND EXERCISE! -Hypertension (too much pressure)=High blood pressure -Puts people at risk for other problems *Heart attack *stroke *kidney disease *retinal damage RISKS: stress, obesity, lots of salt, lots of alcohol, genetics, smoking |
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What is hypertension?
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High blood pressure
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What is Atherosclerosis?
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-Coronary artery disease (clogged arteries)
-Build-up of plaque on inner walls of arteries *as passages get smaller, heart works harder *risk of an aneurism: swelling of blood vessles (can rupture) *risk of myocardial infarction (heart attack) -blood clot/plaque stops blood flow to the heart -heart tissue dies |
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What is an aneurism?
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Swelling of blood vessels (can rupture)
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What is myocardinal infarction?
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A heart attack
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What is a congestive heart failure?
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-When a diseased heart cannot pump adequate amounts of blood.
-Blood backs up in lungs, fluids accumulates |
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What is a Cerebrovascular disease?
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-Clogged vessels prevent adequate flow of blood to the brain and nerves die.
-Blood completely blocked from brain, or blood vessel bursts in brain=stroke! |
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What is metabolic syndrome?
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A cluster of symptoms indicating general cardiovascular disease.
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What symptoms can determine metabolic syndrome?
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1. waist circumference which indicates obesity
2. high level of triglycerides in the blood plasma (chemical form of fat in blood plasma) 3. low levels of HDL ("Good") cholesterol 4. High blood pressure 5. High levels of "fasting glucose": blood sugar levels after an 8 hr fast |
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What are triglycerides?
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A chemical form of fat in blood plasma
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What is fasting glucose?
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Blood sugar levels after an 8 hr fast
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