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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Thrombocytopenia is platelets below what? |
150,000/u |
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Prolonged bleeding from trauma or injury does not usually occur until platelet count is below what ____? |
<50,000 |
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Spontaneous life-threatening hemorrhage can occur in platelet count is below what ___ |
<20,000 |
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Platelet transfusion‘s are not recommended until platelet count is ____ unless patient is actively bleeding |
<10,000 |
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Clinical manifestations of thrombocytopenia include |
Prolonged bleeding after routine procedures petechiae, púrpura, ecchymosis Hemorrhage |
3 types |
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Are lab test for hemostasis and coagulation normal or abnormal? Thrombocytopenia |
Normal |
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What is the first line treatment for immune thrombocytopenic Purpura |
Corticosteroids Decrease immune response |
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What is the second line of treatment ITP |
Platelet transfusion’s if less than 10,000 or actively bleeding |
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When are platelet transfusions needed |
If less than 10,000 or actively bleeding |
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If ITP is unresponsive to corticosteroids or splenectomy what treatment is next? |
Immunoglobulin and anti-Rh Rituximab Immunosuppressive therapy |
3 |
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If ITP is unresponsive to treatment what is the last line? |
Splenectomy |
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What is the treatment for TTP thrombotic thrombocytopenia Purpura? |
Plasmapheresis (filters blood) Corticosteroids Splenectomy No platelet transfusion |
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When can you start warfarin when you have HIT? |
When platelet count reaches 150,000 |
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Patient teaching for thrombocytopenia |
Avoid IM injections Contact HCP with minor bleeds No OTC, herbs, aspirin |
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Lab findings for thrombocytopenia |
Platelet count <150,000 Prolonged bleeding Low HCT and HGB ^ megakaryocytes in bone marrow |
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Neutropenia treatments |
Neupogen Leukine Prokine |
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Neutropenia treatments |
Neupogen Leukine Prokine |
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What level of WBC represents Leukopenia? |
WBC 4x10^9 |
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WBC lab value for neutropenia? |
1x10^9 |
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WBC lab value for neutropenia? |
1x10^9 |
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What factors must a patient with neutropenia avoid? |
No visitors No raw fruits, veggies, undercooked meat No fresh flowers Need gowns, gloves, masks |
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What is a sign of a medical emergency for neutropenia? |
Fever of 100.5 Neutrophil level of less than 500 (Blood cultures and antibiotics needed) |
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What test do you monitor for MDS? |
Serial blood marrow Peripheral blood tests |
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What is the treatment for MDS? |
Antibiotics Blood transfusion with iron chelates Neupogen- low risk |
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What type of leukemia progresses rapidly and is in children? |
Actúe lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) |
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What leukemia is in adults and slow growing? |
Chronic lymphcytic leukemia (CLL) |
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What leukemia is associated with serious infection or abnormal bleeding at onset? |
Acute myelogenous leukemia |
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What leukemia is associated with serious infection or abnormal bleeding at onset? |
Acute myelogenous leukemia |
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What is the diagnostic hallmark of CML? |
Philadelphia chromosome |
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What are the clinical manifestations of leukemia? |
Bone marrow failure Leukemic infiltrates |
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What is leukostasis? |
High leukemic peripheral blood WBC count >100,000 Life threatening |
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Diagnostic findings of leukemia |
WBC either normal or abnormal Anemia Low HCT and HGB Thrombocytopenia Philadelphia Hypocellular bone marrow |
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What is the course of treatment for leukemia? |
Induction therapy Post induction therapy is chemo |
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Incidence of Hodgkin’s lymphoma is increased by what factors? |
in HIV patients Infection with epstein Barr virus Genes Toxin exposure |
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Incidence of Hodgkin’s lymphoma is increased by what factors? |
in HIV patients Infection with epstein Barr virus Genes Toxin exposure |
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Where does Hodgkin lymphoma begin? |
Above diaphragm Enlargement of cervical, axillary, and inguinal nodes |
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What symptoms do you experience with Hodgkin’s lymphoma? |
Weight loss Fatigue Revel Tachycardia Night chills Alcohol induced pain Puritis |
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B symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma |
Fever greater than 100.4 Drenching night sweats Weight loss exceeding 10% in 6 months |
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B symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma |
Fever greater than 100.4 Drenching night sweats Weight loss exceeding 10% in 6 months |
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Diagnostic studies of Hodgkin’s lymphoma |
Can’t tell with CBC Biopsy Bone marrow PET and CT |
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Hodgkin’s lymphoma treatment |
Combo chemo HSCT |
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What is the hallmark feature of Hodgkin’s lymphoma? |
Reed-Sternburg cell |
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What are the SS of multiple myeloma (MM) |
Renal failure Anemia Bone pain Osteoporosis Infection HA Seizures Confusion Hypercalcemia |
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What is does the acronym CRAB mean? |
C- elevated calcium R- renal failure A-anemia B- bone lesions |
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Diagnosis of MM |
Bence-Jones protein in urine High calcium High creatinine Low CBC Low albumin |
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Diagnosis of MM |
Bence-Jones protein in urine High calcium High creatinine Low CBC Low albumin |
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Treatment of Mm |
Prednisone and demethasone Chemo + HSCT Allopurinol to reduce hyperuricemia |
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Diagnosis of MM |
Bence-Jones protein in urine High calcium High creatinine Low CBC Low albumin |
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Treatment of Mm |
Prednisone and demethasone Chemo + HSCT Allopurinol to reduce hyperuricemia |
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Nursing teaching for MM |
Weight bearing excercises Fluids Kyphoplasty |
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What drug is used for chemo induced anemia |
Epogen, procrit |
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What drug is used for chemo induced anemia |
Epogen, procrit |
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What drug is used for chemo induced neutropenia? |
Neupogen |
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What drug is used for chemo induced anemia |
Epogen, procrit |
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What drug is used for chemo induced neutropenia? |
Neupogen |
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What drug is used for severe thrombocytopenia |
Neumega |
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What is the drug used for chemo used leukocytopenia? |
Leukine |
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