Adrenerngic Pharmacology

Front 1

Phenylephrine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 1

Class: Alpha-1 Agonist
Mech: Powerful stimulant of alpha-1 adrenoceptors with weak beta effects
Use:potent vasoconstrictor, increase BP, induce reflex bradycardia, nasal decongestant(Afrin)-long term use damage mucosa, build tolerance, mydriatic agent
Side Effects?

Front 2

Methoxamine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 2

Class: alpha-1 agonist
Mech: direct agonist of alpha-1 Rs
Use:potent vasoconstrictor to treat hypotesive states(shock), induces reflex bradycardia, longer duration of axn than phenylephrine
Side Effects?

Front 3

Clonidine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 3

Class: alpha-2 agonist
Mech: causes an acute rise in blood pressure followed by prolonged hypotension
Use:antihypertensive agent
Side Effects?

Front 4

Dobutamine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 4

Class:Beta-1 agonist
Mech:can stimulate beta-1 and beta-2 Rs- increase HR and contractility
Use:inotropic agent that is used to treat CHF and dilates kidney vasculature to preserve fxn
Side Effects?

Front 5

Terbutaline
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 5

Class: Beta-2 Agonist
Mech:bronchiodilator, minimal cardiac effects
Use:inhaled to relieve bronchiospasm and bronchial asthma, oral can provide long term tx of obstructive airway diseases, can inhibit premature labor
Albuterol very similar

Front 6

Amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 6

Class: Indirect Adrenergic Agonist
Mech: Induce NE release, stimulate both alpha and beta Rs via NE, CNS stimulant
Use: Increases alertness, decrease fatigue, relieves narcolepsy, elevates mode, improves concentration, enhances physical performance, decreases appetite

Front 7

Ephedrine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 7

Class:Mixed acting adrenergic agonist
Mech: releases NE from adrenergic nerve terminals, some direct agonistic axn on alpha and beta Rs, potent CNS stimulant
Use:relieves bronchioconstriction, mucosal congestion, nasal congestion

Front 8

Metaraminol
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 8

Class: Mixed acting adrenergic agonist
Mech:can act as a false neurotransmitter by uptake and placement in synaptic vesicles, strong alpha-1 agonist
Use:Tx of hypotensive states, paroxysomal atrial tachycardia
Side Effects?

Front 9

Phenoxybenzamine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 9

Class:Alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist
Mech:covalently binds to alpha Rs producing irreversible blockade-must synthesize new Rs, slightly more selective for alpha-1
Use:prevents hypertensive crisis with pheochromocytoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia-alleviates obstructive symptoms, control hyperreflexia with spinal cord injuries
Side Effects: Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, ejaculatory disfxn

Front 10

Phentolamine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 10

Class: Alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist
Mech:produces competitive(reversible) inhibition of both alpha-1 and alpha-2 Rs
Use:blocks hypertensive response to alpha adrenergic agonist and used to treat HTN in pheochromocytoma, Tx for erectile dysfxn
Side effects: orthostatic hypotension, reflex cardiac stimulation, "dirty drug"- can block serotonin Rs, K channels, cause histamine release

Front 11

Prazosin
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 11

Class:alpha adrenorecptor antagonist
Mech:much higher affinity for alpha-1, inhibits cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, dilates arterial and smooth venous muscle
Use:Tx of HTN
Side Effects:may cause severe hypotension and syncope with first dose

Front 12

Propranolol
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 12

Class:beta blocker
Mech:blocks beta-1 and beta-2 Rs
Use:Tx of HTN, angina, MI, glaucoma, reduce peripheral manifestations of hyperthyroidism, reduces physical manifestations of anxiety, migraine headache
Side Effects:can produce life threatening bronchioconstriction in pts with asthma or COPD

Front 13

Metoprolol
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 13

Class:beta blocker
Mech:high affinity for beta-1 R
Use:induce beta blockade in patients prone to bronchioconstriction
Side Effects:

Front 14

Guanithidine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 14

Class:agents the inhibit NE release/storage
Mech:depletes neuronal storage of NE, inhibits NE release by interfering with excitation -release coupling
Use:powerful antihypertensive agent, used for tx of severe hypertension
Side Effects:sexual dysfxn,

Front 15

Reserpine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 15

Class:agents the inhibit NE release/storage
Mech:inhibits uptake of catecholamines into storage vesicles, NE is stuck in cytoplasm and degraded by MAO, reduces catechol. conc. in adrenal medulla
Use:tx of mild to moderate HTN
Side Effects: seadation, nightmares, severe depression

Front 16

Methyl Tyrosine
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 16

Class:agents that inhibit NE synthesis
Mech:inhibits tyrosine oxidase
Use:management of pheochromocytoma

Front 17

Methyldopa
Class?
Mech?
Use?
Side Effects?

Back 17

Class: False Transmitter
Mech: analog of Ldopa, stored in storage granules instead of NE,
Use:antihypertensive agent, can be used in pregnant women
Side Effects: