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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the most prevalent side effects of alpha antagonists
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postural hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nasal stuffiness, inhibition of ejaculation
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This alpha blocker forms a covalent bond, is somewhat selective, and treats pheochromocytoma
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Phenoxybenzamine
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This non-covalent alpha blocker is used to "diagnose" pheochromocytoma and has a rapid onset,
What are its side effects and what are they due to? |
Phentolamine - tachycardia, arrhythmias, angina, diarrhea
NE increase |
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This selective blocker is used to treat hypertension by relaxing arterial and venous smooth muscle,
What is its first dose effect? |
prazosin
Fainting w/in 30-90 due to low baroreceptor response and sympathetic outflow |
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What are analogs for prazosin?
What is their half life? |
Terazosin, and doxazosin. 12 hrs
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What is an additional use for prazosin?
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Urinary retention due to prostatic hypertrophy.
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What other medication with a half life of 9-15hrs is used to treat prostate hypertrophy
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Tamsulosin
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What is Raynaud's syndrome?
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It is a painful disease that causes peripheral vasospasm affecting the extremities
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Name some therapeutic uses for alpha blockers
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hypertension, pheochromacytoma, shock, Raynaud's syndrome, urinary obstruction
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What are 3 uses for Beta-adrenergic blockers?
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hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias
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How do Beta-adrenergics lower BP?
What is the result in normal individuals? |
Via the heart, blood vessels, renin, or CNS.
No dec. in BP |
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How do B-adrenergics treat angina?
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They lower the episodes and inc exercise tolerance by lowering cardiac work and oxygen demand
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How are cardiac arrhythmias treated by B-adrenergic drugs?
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Lower the recurrence of MI's, and the size of the infarct
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What are some undesirable effects of B-adrenergic drugs?
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CHF, bronchoconstriction, mask hyperthroidism and hypoglycemia, inc. serum triglycerides, cold extremities, and depression
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What occurs with an abrupt withdrawal of B-blockers?
Why? |
inc. BP, inc angina, and inc MI's
The increase is due to an increased amount of Beta receptors that are hypersensitive |
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This nonselective B-blocker is used to treat hypertension, angina, and arrhymias
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Propranolol
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What some of the actions of propanolol?
What makes it so effective |
dec. HR, CO, O2 consumption, BP, myocardial contractility, renin release
It can cross the BBB |
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This B-blocker treats hypertension, dec. infarct size, and glaucoma.
What are its side effects? |
Timilol
From eye can be absorbed systemically and may cause bronchiolar constriction |
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This B-blocker is long acting (16hrs), and some of it crosses the BBB and is metabolized. It can treat hypertension, angina, and prevent migraines.
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Nadolol
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This B-blocker has local anesthetic properties and fewer negative lipid changes?
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Pindolol
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These class of drugs are preferred in asthmatics and diabetics
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Beta-1 Selective Blockers
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This B1 blocker is given IV and has a half life of 10mins.
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Esmolol
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These two drugs are both a and B adrenergic antagonists?
Which one treats heart failure, mitogenesis, and causes vasodilation |
Labetalol and Carvedilol
Carvedilol |
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What is an odd illness that B-blockers are used to treat?
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Ethanol withdrawal
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Name the four antiadrenergic drugs studied that are NOT receptor blockers?
Which one does not cross the BBB? Which one acts on alpha-2 receptors in the CNS? |
Bretylium, reserpine, guanethidine, alpha methyl dopa
- guanethidine - alpha methyl dopa |
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What are the side effects on the non receptor blocker antiadrenergic drugs?
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Postural hypertension, sedation, depression, inc. GI motility, impaired ejaculation, and inc. blood volume
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Name two B-1 blockers that treat hypertension, angina, and MI's.
Which has local anesthetic properties? |
Atenolol, and Metoprolol
Metoprolol |
