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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the actions of aldosterone?
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endogenous mineralocorticoid
responsible for Na retension, K excretion decreased levels in hypoadrenocorticism can cause hyponatremia and hyperkalemia |
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Where is aldosterone produced?
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zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland
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What is produced in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis?
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glucocorticoids
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What must be done to treat hypoadrenocorticism?
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supplement with mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
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What glucocorticoids are used to treat hypoadrenocorticism?
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prednisone, prednisolone
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What drugs are used to replace mineralocorticoids in hypoadrenocorticism?
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Desoxycorticosterone pivalate
Fludrocortisone acetate |
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What is hyperadrenocorticism?
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overproduction of corticosteroids, especially cortisol
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What are the symptoms of hyperadrenocorticism?
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PU-PD, lethargy, pot belly, alopecia, muscle wasting
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MOA of Trilostane
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inhibits 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- blocks synthesis of adrenal steroids in adrenal gland by blocking formation of progesterone |
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What is the main contraindication for adrenal drugs?
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don't use in pregnant or breeding animals, since sex steroid hormone levels are altered
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Mitotane MOA
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destroys the zona fasciculata and reticularis
-decreased glucocorticoid production -little effect on aldosterone |
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Ketoconazole MOA
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inhibits formation of cholesterol from lanosterol by blocking CYP450 enzymes
-cholesterol is the precursor for ALL steroid hormones *can potentiate drugs that are metabolized by CYP450 enzymes |
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What drugs are used to treat both pituitary and adrenal causes of hyperadrenocorticism?
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Trilostane
Mitotane Ketoconazole |
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Selegiline MOA as a treatment for hyperadrenocorticism
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monoamine oxidase B inhibitor
-increases dopamine levels, which decreases ACTH secretion and lowers cortisol production *doesn't treat underlying disease, just symptoms |
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Pergolide MOA
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dopamine agonist at D1 and D2 receptors
increased dopamine-like stimulation causes decreased ACTH, cortisol levels *inhibits lactation because it has effects on prolactin *must be compounded, because not available in any form in USA |
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What drugs are used to treat pituitary causes of hyperadrenocorticism?
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selegiline
pergolide |
