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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adipocyte origins
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differentiate from mesenchymal precursor cells
Stimulated by insulin via IGF-1 Surrounded by an external basal lamina created by adipocyte |
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Unilocular fat functions
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Energy reservoir
Cushions and insulates organs Ubiquitously distributed through the body Subcutanous hypodermis, breast, yellow bone marrow |
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Multilocular fat
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Has many mitochondria and extensive vasculatiry
Heat generation via non-shivering heat production Uncoupling protein (UCP-1, thermogenin) uncouples oxidative phosphorylation- regulated by norepinephrine |
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Adipocyte differentiation
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Mesenchymal stem cells to lipoblasts that express lipoprotein lipase under influence of IGF-1
Accumulate sER, TG-droplets, and secrete their external lamina matrix |
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Adipocyte Growth
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Will hypertrophy and then divide. Hard to get rid of once that happens
Mature adipocytes are terminally differentiated |
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Insulin and adipocytes
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Increases adipogenesis. Stimulates uptake and lipogenesis conversion of glucose to glycerol, glycogen, and TGs. Inhibits lipolysis.
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Leptin
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Suppresses appetite and food intake and increases metabolic rates of other cells
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Lipolysis
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Stimualted by glucagon, norepinephrine, and GH via activation of adenylate cyclase.
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Ghrelin
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Stimulates hunger
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Adipocyte Hormones
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Secretes leptin, angiotensinogen, growth factors (TNF alpha and TGF beta), and cytokines (IL-6, prostaglandins). Activates steroids (estrogen, testosterone, glucocorticoids)
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Angiotensinogen
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Produced by hepatocytes and adipocytes - converted to angiotensin II by renin and exacerbates hypertension
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