Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Intoxication with alcohol
|
Emotional lability
Slurred speech Ataxia Coma Blackouts Elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) Lab AST is 2X ALT |
|
|
Intoxication with opioids
|
CNS depression
Nausea and vomiting Constipation Meiosis Seizures - OD is life threatening |
|
|
Intoxication with barbiturates
|
Low safety margin
Marked respiratory depression |
|
|
Intoxication with benzodiazepines
|
Greater safety margin than barbs
Ataxia Minor respiratory depression |
|
|
Intoxication with amphetamines
|
Impaired judgement
Pupillary dilation Prolonged wakefulness and attention Delusions Hallucinations Fever |
|
|
Intoxication with cocaine
|
Impaired judgement
Pupillary dilation Hallucinations (including tactile - bugs) Paranoid ideations Angina Sudden cardiac death |
|
|
Intoxication with caffeine
|
Restlessness
Increased diuresis Muscle twitching |
|
|
Intoxication with nicotine
|
Restlessness
|
|
|
Intoxication with PCP
|
Belligerence
Impulsiveness Fever Psychomotor agitation Vertical and horizontal nystagmus Tachycardia Homicidality Psychosis Delirium |
|
|
Intoxication with LSD
|
Marked anxiety or depressions
Delusions Visual hallucinations Flashbacks Pupillary dilation |
|
|
Intoxication with marijuana
|
Euphoria
Anxiety Paranoid delusions Perception of slowed time Impaired judgement Social withdrawal Increased appetite Dry mouth Conjunctival injection Hallucinations |
|
|
Withdrawal from alcohol
|
Severe withdrawal - delerium tremens
(treat with benzodiazepines) |
|
|
Withdrawal from opioids
|
Sweating
Dilated pupils Piloerection Fever Rhinorrhea Nausea Stomach cramps Diarrhea |
|
|
Withdrawal from barbiturates
|
Delerium
Life-threatening cardiovascular collapse |
|
|
Withdrawal from amphetamines
|
Stomach cramps
Hunger Hypersomnolence |
|
|
Withdrawal from cocaine
|
Suicidality
Hypersomnolence Malaise Severe psychological craving |
|
|
Withdrawal from nicotine
|
Irritability
Anxiety Craving |
|
|
Withdrawal from PCP
|
Depression
Anxiety Irritability Restlessness Anergia Disturbances of thought and sleep |
|
|
Withdrawal from marijuana
|
Irritability
Depression Insomnia Nausea Anorexia Symptoms peak at 48 hours and last 5-7 days |
|
|
Treatment for opioid overdose
|
Naloxone, naltrexone
|
|
|
Treatment for barbiturate overdose
|
Symptomatic
|
|
|
Treatment for benzodiazepine overdose
|
Flumazenil
|
|
|
Treatment for cocaine overdose
|
Benzodiazepines
|
|
|
Treatment for delerium tremens
|
Benzodiazepines
|
|
|
Treatment for PCP withdrawal symptoms
|
Benzodiazepines
|
|
|
MOA of PCP
|
Inhibits NMDA (glutamate) receptor activation
|
|
|
MOA of amphetamines
|
Sympathomimetic stimulators
|
|
|
MOA of cocaine
|
Blocks reuptake of dopamine, NE, and 5-HT
|
|
|
MOA of LSD
|
Serotonergic receptor agonist
|
|
|
Suboxone?
|
Combo of naloxone and buprenorphine
Longer acting with fewer withdrawal-symptoms than Methadone Not active when taken orally, so withdrawal Sx only occur if it is injected (lower abuse potential) |
|
|
Testicular atrophy in alcoholism is due to what?
|
Increased estrogen - liver can't break it down
|
|
|
Thrombocytopenia in alcoholism is due to what?
|
Decreased liver production of thrombopoietin
|
|
|
Spider telangiectasia in alcoholism is due to what?
|
Increased estrogen - liver can't break it down
|
|
|
Ascites in alcoholism is due to what?
|
1 - portal HTN increasing hydrostatic pressure
2 - hypoalbuminemia decreasing osmotic pressure |
|
|
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
|
Thiamine deficiency (B1)
Periventricular hemorrhage/necrosis of mammillary bodies Treatment - IV thiamine (B1) |
|
|
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
|
longitudinal lacerations at the GE junction d/t excessive vomiting
Hematemesis and pain |
|
|
Delerium tremens
|
Life-threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks 2-5 days after last drink.
Symptoms in order of appearance: -Autonomic hyperactivity - tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, seizures -Psychotic symptoms - hallucinations, delusions -Confusion Treatment - Benzodiazepines |
