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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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*Develop to maturity in the thymus
*will produce the T cells receptors |
T cells
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Called helper T cells
-release hormones that activate the immune system & direct immune respnses |
CD4 cells (TH)
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Which cells are the directors of immune cells?
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CD4 T cells (TH)
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Which T cell Releases hormones that cause inflammation & activate CD8 Tcells & macrophages
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Th1 CD4 T cells
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Which T cells are effective against intracellular pathogen
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Th1 CD4 T cells
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What type of T cells called a cell-mediated response
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Th1 CD4 T cells
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What T cells release hormones that activates B cells & antibody production?
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Th2 CD4 T cells
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Which T cell is effective against extracellular pathogen
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Th2 CD4 T cells
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Adaptive immune responses will use CD4 T cells to help?__________________________
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develope into mostly either a Th1 or Th2 response
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Give an example of a cell-mediated response
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Th1 CD4 T cells release hormones that cause inflmmation & ACTIVATE CD8 T cells & macrophages
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Which T cells has a humaral response?
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Th2 CD4 T cells
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What else is CD8 Tcells (Tc) called?
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cytotoxic T cells or T killers
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What do CD8 T cells do?
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kill abnormal human cells
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How do the CD8 T cells identify abnormal human cell
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T cell receptor using specific molecular recognition
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What mechanisms do the T killers kill?
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-perforin & granzyme
-lymphotoxin -Fas |
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Develop to maturity in the bone marrow
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B cells
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What does B cells serete?
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Antibodies
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Large, active B cells are called?
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Plasma cells
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Develops to maturity in the thymus
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T cells
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Will produce T cell receptors
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T cells
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Releases hormones that sop or limit immune response
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Th3 CD4 T cells
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Regulate immune response
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Th3 CD4 T cells
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Th3 CD4 T cells also called?
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CD 25 T cells
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What are cytokines?
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cytokines are hormones by immune cells
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Hormones by immune cells
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cytokines
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Interleukin - 1
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potent pro-inflammatory homones
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potent pro-inflammatory hormones
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IL-1
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Interleukin - 2
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necessary for T cell division
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necessary for T cell division
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IL - 2
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Interleukin - 4
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promotes B cell division and activity & Th2 response
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Interleukin - 5
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promotes eosinophil activity
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promotes eosinophil activity
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IL - 5
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Interleukin - 8
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A chemokine=>a cytokine that acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils
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A chemokine
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IL - 8
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What acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils
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IL - 8
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Interferon - Gamma
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super activates macrophages
-part of Th1 response |
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super activates macrophages
- part of Th1 response |
Interferon Gamma
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Interleukin - 10
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only cytokine that suppresses the immune system
==>anti-inflammatory > Th2 response |
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only cytokine that suppresses the immune system
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IL - 10
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What are the 2 pro-inflammatory signaling molecules?
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histamine & interleukin - 8
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What are the most potent antigens?
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proteins or glycoproteins
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Antigen contain many small regions called
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epitopes
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Is an agent that elicits an immune response
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Antigens
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What is an average epitope is ____ ________ _________ long
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7 amino acids
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What has to happen for lymphocyte activation to occur?
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The specific receptor on a lymphocyte must bind to correct epitope
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What is the delay for finding the proper lymphocyte epitope match?
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about a day
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What happens to a newly activated lymphocyte?
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Divides to produce about 1,000 clones
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How long is the delay on the clonal expansion?
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about a day
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What is MHC?
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Major histocompatiblity complex
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some activated lymphocytes survive for a long period of time. What are they?
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memory cells
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How can you see memory?
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measuring antibody levels in the blood
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