Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
acute respiratory failure
|
respiratory system unable to meet 02 demand or eliminate CO2
PaO2 < or = 50 PaCO2 > or = 50 & pH < or = 7.3 |
|
|
acute respiratory failure
|
pH low and bicarb normal
kidneys are not compensating for chronically increased CO2 |
|
|
chronic respiratory failure
|
pH low and bicarb is high
kidneys retain bicarb to compensate for chronically high CO2 |
|
|
types of acute respiratory failure
|
hypercapnic/hypoxemic vent. failure
hypoxemic/oxygen failure combination failure |
|
|
hypercapnic/hypoxemic vent. failure
|
alveolar hypoventilation
increased CO2, low or normal O2 = ventilation problem defect in medulla mechanical abnormality of lungs/chest wall impaired fx of respiratory muscles neuromuscular disease hypoventilation with abnormal/diseased lung |
|
|
hypoxemic/oxygen failure
|
ventilation adequate but cannot oxygenate pulmonary blood
low O2, normal of low CO2 |
|
|
causes of hypoxemic/oxygen failure
|
shunting - alveolar collapse, consolidated alveoli
V/Q mismatch breathing air too low in O2 |
|
|
combination failure
|
oxygenation and ventilatory failure
hypercapnia and hypoxemia diseased/abnormal lungs |
|
|
neurological manifestation of acute respiratory failure
|
signs of hypoxia - restless, anxious, irritable
signs of hypercapnia - CNS depressant - CO2 = vasodilatory, headaches, lethargy, stupor, coma |
|
|
cardio manifestations of acute respiratory failure
|
early - SNS - tachycardia, arhythmias, +contractililty, +BP, diaphoretic
late - depression of CNS- cyanosis |
|
|
respiratory manifestation of acute respiratory failure
|
signs of distress - increased Rapid shallow breathing index
need to sit to breathe accessory muscles/nasal flaring unable to speak pursed lip breathinf |
|
|
renal man. of acute respiratory failure
|
ATN
|
|
|
GI man of acute respiratory failure
|
ischemia
ulcers illeus |
|
|
diagnosis of acute respiratory failure
|
ABGs
chest x-ray |
|
|
management of acute respiratory failure
|
oxygen therapy - goal to increased PaO2 >60, normal pH, O2 sat >90
augmented cough CO2 normal for pt. |
|
|
drug therapy
|
bronchodilators and steroids
|
