Active Reading For Ielts 4

Front 1

Veterinarian

Back 1

vet‧e‧ri‧na‧ri‧an / vet ə rəneəriən, vet ə rɪneəriən $ -ner- / noun [ countable ] American English someone who is trained to give medical care and treatment to sick animals SYN vet British English

Hint 1

دامپزشک

Front 2

Adversely

Back 2

ad‧verse / ædvɜs $ -ɜrs / adjective 1 not good or favourable : They fear it could have an adverse effect on global financial markets. Miller’s campaign has received a good deal of adverse publicity . 2 adverse conditions conditions that make it difficult for something to happen or exist : The expedition was abandoned because of adverse weather conditions. — adversely adverb : developments which had adversely affected their business

Hint 2

منفی، نامطلوب، مخالف، مغایر، روبه‌رو، ناسازگار

Front 3

Ironic

Back 3

Hint 3

کنایه‌آمیز

Front 4

Literally

Back 4

lit‧e‧ral‧ly S2 / lɪt ə rəli / adverb 1 according to the most basic or original meaning of a word or expression : The name of the cheese is Dolcelatte, literally meaning ‘sweet milk’. I said I felt like quitting, but I didn’t mean it literally (= I did not mean exactly what I said ) ! 2 take somebody/something literally to believe exactly what someone or something says rather than trying to understand their general meaning : She takes the Bible literally. 3 used to emphasize that something, especially a large number, is actually true : The Olympic Games were watched by literally billions of people. 4 spoken used to emphasize a strong expression or word that is not being used in its real or original meaning. Some people consider this use to be incorrect : Dad was literally blazing with anger.

Hint 4

به معنای واقعی کلمه، عینا

Front 5

Tenacious

Back 5

te‧na‧cious / təneɪʃəs, tɪneɪʃəs / adjective 1 determined to do something and unwilling to stop trying even when the situation becomes difficult : a tenacious negotiator 2 tenacious beliefs, ideas etc continue to have a lot of influence for a long time : a tenacious religious tradition that is still practised in Shinto temples — tenaciously adverb — tenacity / tənæsəti, tɪnæsəti / noun [ uncountable ] THESAURUS determined if you are determined to do something, you have decided that you are definitely going to do it, and you will not let anything stop you. Determined is also used about someone’s character, when they usually behave in this way : I was determined to be a doctor. | She’s a very determined woman. stubborn determined not to change what you are doing, especially when other people think you are behaving in an unreasonable way. Stubborn is often used when you disapprove of someone. It is also sometimes used when you admire them : I wish you would stop being so stubborn! | Churchill’s stubborn refusal to surrender single-minded someone who is single-minded works very hard in order to achieve one particular thing, and thinks that everything else is much less important : During a war, a leader must be single-minded and, if necessary, ruthless. | her single-minded pursuit of power tough / tʌf / determined to succeed, even if a situation is difficult or frightening : In competitive sports, it is as important to be mentally tough as it is to be physically fit. | Gorelick is known as a tough manager. firm showing by your behaviour that you are determined not to change your mind, especially when you are telling someone what to do : What this country needs is firm leadership. | You have to be firm with young children. feisty determined and full of energy, and not afraid to say what you think and argue with people - used especially when you admire this person. Feisty is often used about women : In the film she plays a feisty young woman who is smarter than all the men put together. | a feisty kid with a mind of his own | the city’s feisty mayor headstrong determined to do what you want, without listening to other people’s advice or thinking about the results of your actions - used especially about young people : Her sister was headstrong and impulsive, and made a point of going out whenever and wherever she liked. resolute formal doing something in a very determined way because you have very strong beliefs, aims etc : the soldiers’ resolute defence of the town tenacious formal determined and refusing to give up : McTaggart was seen by many in the environment movement as a tenacious hero. | his tenacious grip on power dogged [ only before noun ] dogged behaviour shows that you are very determined and that you will not give up - used especially in the following phrases : dogged determination/persistence/resistance/refusal : The team played with dogged determination. | his dogged refusal to admit defeat | the dogged persistence of the defenders persistent continuing to do something, although this is difficult, or other people warn you not to do it : If you want to get a job, you have to be persistent. Don’t give up. strong-willed always very determined to do what you want to do, even if other people think it is not a good idea to do it : She has always been a strong-willed child. ruthless / ruθləs / someone who is ruthless is so determined to get what they want, that they do not care if they harm other people : a ruthless dictator | He was ruthless in his ambition. mean business to be determined to do something and show other people that you are determined to do it, even if it involves harming someone : The one-day strike proved that the union meant business.

Hint 5

سرسخت، محکم، سفت، استوار، مستحکم، چسبنده

Front 6

Attaining a steady job

Back 6

یک شغل با ثبات به دست آوردن

Front 7

Typical 9-to5 job

Back 7

شغل معمول ۹-۵

Front 8

With determination and tenacity

Back 8

با عزم راسخ و سرسختی

Front 9

Find work in area that they are passionate about

Back 9

شغلی را در حوزه‌ای پیدا کنند که به آن شور و شوق دارند

Front 10

The horizon and anything beyound it felt like a promise not a thread

Back 10

آینده و هر چیزی فراتر از اندیک نوید باشد و نه یک تحدید

Front 11

Non of that was really my thing

Back 11

هیچکدام آنها با من جور نبود و مورد علاقه‌ام نبود

Front 12

Indigenous

Back 12

in‧di‧ge‧nous / ɪndɪdʒ ə nəs / adjective formal indigenous people or things have always been in the place where they are, rather than being brought there from somewhere else SYN native indigenous to Blueberries are indigenous to America. the many indigenous cultures which existed in Siberia

Hint 12

بومی، طبیعی، ذاتی، فطری

Front 13

The issue I have choosen to really go deap into and try to make a difference for, is nature conservation and survival of our nature

Back 13

موضوعی که من انتخاب کرده‌ام این است که واقعا به عمقش بروم و تلاش کنم تا تغییر برایش ایجاد کنم، حفاظت از طبیعت و نجات میراث طبیعیمان است.

Front 14

Cordial

Back 14

cordial: cordial, affable, amiable, congenial, friendly, genial, gracious, hearty, pleasant, sincere, warm, affectionate, earnest, hearty, invigorating, reviving, Warm.Antonyms:aloof, ceremonious, ceremonious, cold, cool, disagreeable, distant, formal, hostile, indifferent, inhospitable, insincere, rude, sad, uncaring, unconcerned, uncordial, unenthusiastic, unfeeling, unfriendly, unhappy, unkind, unpleasant, unsociable, unsympathetic.Cordiality:cordiality, affability, amenity, amiability, amity, friendliness, geniality, heartiness, hospitality, sociability, warmth.Antonyms:aloofness, coolness, disapproval, disfavor, hostility, ill will, indifference, unsociability.Cordially:cordially, affectionately, agreeably, genially, graciously, heartily, hospitably, kindly, politely, sincerely, warmly.Antonyms:unpleasantly.Cordialness:cordialness, affability, agreeability, agreeableness, amiableness, congeniality, cordiality, friendliness, geniality, pleasantness, warmth.Cordials:cordials, analeptics, aperitifs, conditioners, cozies, friendlies, liqueurs, philters, potions, refreshers, tonics.Antonyms:colds, hostiles.unCordial:uncordial, apathetic, asleep, brutal, callous, cantankerous, churlish, cold, cold-blooded, cold-hearted, unamiable.Antonyms:caring, concerned, feeling, loving, sensitive.

Hint 14

صمیمی، خونگرم،

cor‧di‧al 1 / kɔdiəl $ kɔrdʒ ə l / noun [ uncountable and countable ] 1 British English sweet fruit juice that you add water to before you drink it : lime cordial 2 American English old-fashioned a strong sweet alcoholic drink SYN liqueur : an after-dinner cordial

cordial 2 adjective friendly but quite polite and formal : The talks were conducted in a cordial atmosphere. — cordiality / kɔdiæləti, kɔdiælɪti $ kɔrdʒiæ-, kɔrdʒæ- / noun [ uncountable ] THESAURUS friendly behaving towards someone in a way that shows you like them and are ready to talk to them or help them : a friendly smile | The local people are very friendly. warm [ usually before noun ] friendly and caring about other people, in a way that makes people like you and feel comfortable : He was such a warm caring person and everyone loved him. | We received a very warm welcome . nice especially spoken friendly and kind : Chris is a nice guy. I’m sure you’ll get on with him. | He wasn’t very nice to the other children. amiable / eɪmiəb ə l / formal friendly and easy to like : Tom was an amiable young man. welcoming friendly to someone who has just arrived somewhere : a welcoming smile | The group are very welcoming to new members. hospitable friendly and eager to make visitors comfortable : I found Japanese people to be very hospitable. genial formal behaving in a cheerful and friendly way : a genial host | She was in a genial mood. cordial formal friendly and polite but formal : The two nations have always maintained cordial relations. approachable friendly and easy to talk to – used especially about people in important positions : The head teacher is very approachable.

Front 15

Cunning

Back 15

Cunningly:cunningly, artfully, craftily, foxily, knowingly, neatly, shrewdly, skillfully, slyly, smoothly, trickily.Antonyms:awkwardly, clumsily, guilelessly, unskillfully.Cunningness:cunningness, cabal, craft, craftiness, design, fake, machination, method, stratagem, strategy, trick.Antonyms:frankness, honesty, ignorance, reality, truthfulness.

Hint 15

حیله‌گر، حیله، زیرکی

cun‧ning 1 / kʌnɪŋ / adjective 1 someone who is cunning is clever and good at deceiving people in order to get what they want SYN crafty : a cunning opponent 2 behaviour or actions that are cunning are clever but dishonest and unfair, and are used to get what you want : a cunning plan 3 a cunning object or piece of equipment is clever and unusual : a cunning little device for keeping out draughts 4 American English old-fashioned attractive : a cunning little dress — cunningly adverb THESAURUS intelligent having a high level of mental ability, and good at thinking clearly and understanding ideas : The top universities aim to select the most intelligent students. clever especially British English , smart especially American English intelligent, so that you can think and learn quickly and find ways to solve problems : That was very clever of you. How did you do that? | I wasn’t smart enough to be a lawyer. bright intelligent – used especially about children and young people : He’s a very bright kid. | the brightest student in the class brilliant extremely intelligent and good at the work you do : a brilliant scientist gifted a gifted child is much more intelligent than most other children : a special school for gifted children wise able to make good decisions and give sensible advice, especially because you have a lot of experience : a wise old man cunning/crafty good at using your intelligence to get what you want, often by making secret plans or tricking people : She was cunning enough to keep this latest piece of information secret. | He’s a crafty old devil! brainy informal intelligent and good at studying : My sister is the brainy one in our family.

cunning 2 noun [ uncountable ] the ability to achieve what you want by deceiving people in a clever way : the tiger’s ferocity and cunning She would use low cunning (= unpleasant dishonest methods ) to win people’s sympathy.

Front 16

Groom

Back 16

brideGroom:bridegroom, benedict, groom, helpmate, hubby, husband, mate, newlywed, old man, partner, spouse.Antonyms:bride.brideGrooms:bridegrooms, fiances, grooms, helpmates, hubbies, husbands, mates, newlyweds, old men, partners, spouses.Antonyms:brides.Groomed:groomed, clean, comb, curry, dress, prepare, ready, rub down, sleek, tend, train.Antonyms:damage, dirty, forget, ignore, mess up, neglect, ruin.Groomer:groomer, handler, trainer.Grooming:grooming, comb, curry, dress, dressing, preparation, rub down, tend, toilet, train, training.Antonyms:damage, dirty, forget, ignore, mess up, neglect, ruin.Grooms:grooms, bridegrooms, brushes, combs, equerries, hostlers, preps, primes, shape-ups, suitors, tidies.Antonyms:brides, hinders, mess-ups, ruins.Groomsman:groomsman, attendant, best man, bridesmaid, bridesman, chief attendant, pageboy, paranymph, usher.leGroom:legroom, area, elbow room, elbowroom, expanse, extent, freedom, headroom, room, rooms, space.stronGroom:strongroom, buttery, larder, pantry, repository, safe, storehouse, storeroom, strongbox, treasury, vault.stronGrooms:strongrooms, treasure houses, treasuries, vaults.well-Groomed:well-groomed, dapper, neat, orderly, shipshape, sleek, spruce, tidy, trig, trim, well-dressed.Antonyms:unkempt, untidy.

Hint 16

داماد، مهتر، مرد، تیمار کردن، آراستن، زیبا کردن

groom 1 / ɡrum, ɡrʊm / verb 1 [ transitive ] to clean and brush an animal, especially a horse 2 [ transitive ] to prepare someone for an important job or position in society by training them over a long period groom somebody for something Tim was being groomed for a managerial position. groom somebody to do something Clare’s been groomed to take her father’s place when he retires. 3 [ transitive ] to take care of your own appearance by keeping your hair and clothes clean and tidy : Her hair is always perfectly groomed. → well-groomed 4 [ transitive ] to develop a friendship with a child, with the intention of starting a sexual relationship. This is done by adults, and is illegal when the child is younger than 16. 5 [ intransitive and transitive ] if an animal grooms itself or another animal, it cleans its own fur and skin or that of the other animal

Front 17

Immaculate

Back 17

Immaculately:immaculately, excellently, faultlessly, flawlessly, ideally, impeccably, perfectly, spotlessly, superbly, superlatively, to perfection.Antonyms:messily.Immaculateness:immaculateness, chastity, cleanliness, freshness, immaculacy, impeccability, neatness, purity, sanitation, spotlessness, stainlessness.Antonyms:evil, guilt, impurity, knowledge, sin

Hint 17

معصوم

im‧mac‧u‧late / ɪmækjələt, ɪmækjʊlət / adjective 1 very clean and tidy OPP messy : He wore an immaculate dark blue suit. an immaculate kitchen 2 exactly correct or perfect in every detail SYN flawless : her immaculate stage performances — immaculately adverb

Front 18

Mangle

Back 18

Mangled:mangled, crippled, disfigured, distorted, lacerate, lacerated, maul, misshapen, mutilated, torn, twisted.Antonyms:aid, beautify, build, combine, construct, create, cure, fix, grow, heal, help, improve, join, mend, preserve, repair, sew, unite, wait.Mangler:mangler, maimer, mutilator.Mangles:mangles, batters, bruises, crushes, hackles, hacks, mauls, smashes, twists, wreckers, wrecks.Antonyms:aids, builds, combines, helps, repairs.

Hint 18

انبه، له کردن، بریدن، پاره کردن، خرد کردن

Mangle alanguage = speak it badly

man‧gle 1 / mæŋɡ ə l / verb [ transitive ] 1 to damage or injure something badly by crushing or twisting it : The trap closed round her leg, badly mangling her ankle. 2 to spoil something such as a speech or piece of music, by saying or playing it badly : The orchestra had mangled Bach’s music. — mangled adjective [ only before noun ] : the mangled remains of the aircraft

mangle 2 noun [ countable ] a machine used in former times to remove water from washed clothes by pressing them between two roller s

Front 19

Play along

Back 19

play along phrasal verb 1 to pretend to agree to do what someone wants, in order to avoid annoying them or to get an advantage : She felt she had to play along or risk losing her job. 2 play somebody along British English to tell someone something that is not true because you need their help in some way

Hint 19

ملحق شدن به، همکاری کردن با

Front 20

Prodigy

Back 20

prod‧i‧gy / prɒdɪdʒi $ prɑ- / noun ( plural prodigies ) [ countable ] a young person who has a great natural ability in a subject or skill → genius child/infant prodigy Mozart was a musical prodigy.

Hint 20

شگفتی، اعجوبه، چیز غیر عادی، بسیار زیرک

Front 21

Aggressive

Back 21

Aggressively:aggressively, antagonistically, bellicosely, belligerently, destructively, forcefully, forcibly, hostilely, insistently, sharply, violently.

Antonyms:mildly, peacefully.Aggressiveness:aggressiveness, aggression, bellicosity, belligerence, belligerency, combativeness, fight, hostility, militance, militancy, pugnacity.

Antonyms:friendliness, mildness.nonAggressive:nonaggressive, gentle, mild, non-aggressive, nonbelligerent, nonviolent, pacific, pacifist, peaceable, peace-loving, unaggressive.

Antonyms:aggressive, forcible.

Hint 21

متجاوز، پر هیاهو، پرخاشگر

ag‧gres‧sive S3 / əɡresɪv / adjective 1 behaving in an angry threatening way, as if you want to fight or attack someone : Jim’s voice became aggressive. Teachers apparently expect a certain amount of aggressive behaviour from boys. 2 very determined to succeed or get what you want : A successful businessman has to be aggressive. an aggressive marketing campaign 3 an aggressive disease spreads quickly in the body : an aggressive form of breast cancer — aggressively adverb — aggressiveness noun [ uncountable ]

Front 22

Polite

Back 22

imPolite:impolite, boorish, discourteous, disrespectful, ill-mannered, insolent, rough, rude, uncivil, ungracious, unmannerly.Antonyms:courteous, mannerly, nice, polite, refined, respectful, sophisticated.imPolitely:impolitely, angrily, bitingly, bitterly, discourteously, impertinently, impudently, insolently, roughly, rudely, uncivilly.Antonyms:courteously, in a well mannered way, politely, with courtesy, with politeness.imPoliteness:impoliteness, bad manners, boorishness, discourteousness, discourtesy, disrespect, impertinence, impudence, incivility, insolence, rudeness.Antonyms:civility, courtesy, manners, politeness, respect.Politely:politely, agreeably, amiably, civilly, cordially, courteously, gracefully, graciously, kindly, nicely, pleasantly.Antonyms:discourteously, impolitely, rudely, showing bad manners.Politeness:politeness, affability, amenity, attention, civility, comity, courteousness, courtesy, etiquette, mannerliness, propriety, civility, Courtesy, gentility, good breeding, refinement, urbanity.Antonyms:impoliteness, rudeness.Politesse:politesse, ceremony, chivalry, civility, consideration, courteousness, courtesy, gallantry, gentility, graciousness, politeness.Antonyms:disdain, dishonor, fear, incompatibility, indifference.

Front 23

Decline to comment on a topic

Back 23

Don't want to speak about it

Front 24

Counter culture

Back 24

ضد فرهنگ

Front 25

Bibliography

Back 25

A list of writings related to a given subject, or referenced within a particular written work

Hint 25

کتابشناسی

Front 26

Autobiography

Back 26

The life memories of a person, written by that person

Front 27

Monograph

Back 27

A written account, such as a book or scholarly pamphlet, on a particular and usually limited subject

Hint 27

نسخه، جزوه

Front 28

Scholarly

Back 28

schol‧ar‧ly / skɒləli $ skɑlərli / adjective 1 relating to serious study of a particular subject : a scholarly journal 2 someone who is scholarly spends a lot of time studying, and knows a lot about a particular subject

Hint 28

فاضل، دانشمند

Front 29

Pamphlet

Back 29

pam‧phlet / pæmflət, pæmflɪt / noun [ countable ] a very thin book with paper covers, that gives information about something → leaflet : a political pamphlet

Hint 29

رساله چاپی

Front 30

Demography

Back 30

The study of the charecteristics of human population, for example: size, growth, density,

Hint 30

جمعیت شناسی

Front 31

Cartography

Back 31

The art and science of making maps or navigational charts

Hint 31

نقشه‌برداری

Front 32

Seismograph

Back 32

An instrument for automatically detecting and recording the duration, intensity, and direction of an earthquake

Hint 32

لرزه‌نگار

Front 33

Choreography

Back 33

The art of creating and arranging dance sequences

Front 34

Abbreviation

Back 34

Hint 34

مخفف

Front 35

Decipher

Back 35

Decipherable:decipherable, clear, comprehensible, explicable, illustratable, intelligible, interpretable, legible, plain, readable, understandable.Antonyms:unintelligible.inDecipherable:indecipherable, crabbed, hieroglyphic, illegible, incomprehensible, puzzling, scrawled, unclear, undecipherable, unintelligible, unreadable.Antonyms:decipherable, legible.unDecipherable:undecipherable, crabbed, hieroglyphic, illegible, impenetrable, indecipherable, obscure, scrawled, unclear, unintelligible, unreadable.Antonyms:clear, legible, readable.

Hint 35

رمز گشایی، کشف کردن، فاش کردن

de‧ci‧pher / dɪsaɪfə $ -ər / verb [ transitive ] 1 to find the meaning of something that is difficult to read or understand → indecipherable : She studied the envelope, trying to decipher the handwriting. 2 to change a message written in a code into ordinary language so that you can read it SYN decode — decipherment noun [ uncountable ]

Front 36

Exclaim

Back 36

Exclaimed:exclaimed, asserted, bellowed, blurted, called, cried, proclaimed, screamed, shouted, uttered, yelled.Antonyms:concealed, hid, refrained, whispered.Exclaiming:exclaiming, call out, cry, cry out, ejaculate, exclaim, outcry, proclaim, promulgate, shout, yell.Antonyms:be quiet, conceal, hide, refrain.`

Hint 36

بانگ زدن، فریاد زدن، اعلام کردن،

ex‧claim / ɪkskleɪm / verb [ intransitive and transitive ] written to say something suddenly and loudly because you are surprised, angry, or excited : ‘No!’ she exclaimed in shock.

Front 37

Fervently

Back 37

Hint 37

باحرارت

fer‧vent / fɜvənt $ fɜr- / adjective believing or feeling something very strongly and sincerely SYN strong : a fervent appeal for peace fervent admirer/believer etc a fervent supporter of human rights — fervently adverb

Front 38

Giggle

Back 38

Hint 38

غر زدن، خندیدن، با خنده اظهار داشتن،

gig‧gle 1 / ɡɪɡ ə l / ( past tense and past participle giggled , present participle giggling ) verb [ intransitive ] to laugh quickly, quietly, and in a high voice, because something is funny or because you are nervous or embarrassed : If you can’t stop giggling you’ll have to leave the room.

Front 39

Jaded

Back 39

ja‧ded / dʒeɪdəd, dʒeɪdɪd / adjective someone who is jaded is no longer interested in or excited by something, usually because they have experienced too much of it : The concert should satisfy even the most jaded critic.

Hint 39

خسته، بی‌اشتها، یابو یا اسب خسته

Front 40

Lapse

Back 40

colLapse:collapse, cave in, crash, crumple, disintegration, drop, fail, failure, fall, give way, prostration.Antonyms:build-up, creation, good fortune, increase, miracle, rise, straighten, succeed, success, wonder.colLapsed:collapsed, broken, burst, cave in, crumple, fail, faint, fall down, flat, founder, washed out.Antonyms:accomplish, achieve, mend, straighten, succeed.colLapses:collapses, bankruptcy, catastrophe, crash, debacle, destruction, disintegration, disruption, failure, faint, topple.Antonyms:accomplish, miracle, straighten, success, wonder.eLapse:elapse, fly, glide by, go, go by, lapse, pass, pass by, roll by, slip, slip away, glide away, intervene, lapse, Pass, slip.Antonyms:abide, continue, endure, halt, hold, wait.eLapsed:elapsed, former, go by, gone, gone by, lapse, lapsed, over, pass, past, slip away.Lapsed:lapsed, backsliding, elapsed, expired, extinct, former, invalid, out of date, past, run out, void.Antonyms:current, devout, practising, valid.Lapses:lapses, blunder, failing, failure, fault, indiscretion, miscue, negligence, offense, omission, violation.Antonyms:accuracy, advantage, behavior, obedience, success.proLapse:prolapse, collapse, crash, dive, fall, go down, plunge, prolapsus, settle, subside, tumble.Antonyms:ascend, go up, grow, increase, rise.proLapsed:prolapsed, cascaded, collapsed, crashed, deplaned, detrained, dipped, disembarked, dived, drooped, swooped.Antonyms:ascended, grew, increased, left, rose.proLapses:prolapses, cascades, cave-ins, collapses, crashes, dips, dive, drop-offs, plummets, plunges, swoops.Antonyms:increases, levels, mounts, pours, rises.reLapse:relapse, backslide, backsliding, degenerate, fall back, lapse, regress, regression, retrogress, reversion, revert, deteriorate, Falling back, recede, Retrogress, retrogression.Antonyms:achievement, advance, amend, get better, healing, improve, improvement, improvement, progress, recover, return, strengthening, success.reLapsed:relapsed, declined, degenerated, deteriorated, fell, lapsed, regressed, returned, reversioned, reverted, sank.Antonyms:developed, fought, grew, improved, progressed.reLapser:relapser, apostate, backslider, deserter, fallen angel, renegade, reneger, turncoat.reLapses:relapses, declines, degenerates, falls, lapses, losses, regresses, regressions, reversions, setbacks, sinks.Antonyms:achievements, fights, improvements, progresses, successes

Hint 40

سپری شدن، مرور، لغزش، گذشت زمان، زوال، انحراف موقت،

lapse 1 / læps / noun [ countable ] 1 a short period of time during which you fail to do something well or properly, often caused by not being careful momentary/temporary/occasional etc lapse Despite the occasional lapse, this was a fine performance by the young saxophonist. A defensive lapse by Keown allowed Tottenham to score. lapse in lapses in security lapse of A single lapse of concentration cost Sampras the game. a lapse of judgement After taking the drug, several patients suffered memory lapses (= when you cannot remember something for a short time ) . 2 a failure to do something you should do, especially to behave correctly : He forgot to offer Darren a drink, but Marie did not appear to notice the lapse. 3 [ usually singular ] a period of time between two events : The usual time lapse between request and delivery is two days. lapse of a lapse of about ten seconds

lapse 2 verb [ intransitive ] 1 to gradually come to an end or to stop for a period of time : The conversation lapsed. 2 especially British English if a contract, agreement etc lapses, it comes to an end, usually because an agreed time limit has passed : Your booking will automatically lapse unless you confirm it. Register In everyday English, people usually say that a contract or agreement runs out rather than lapses : His club membership had run out . 3 to stop believing in or following a religion : those people who have lapsed from the practice of their religion 4 formal if a period of time lapses, it passes : Many years had lapsed since her first visit to Wexford. lapse into something phrasal verb 1 lapse into unconsciousness/silence/sleep etc to go into a quiet or less active state : He lapsed into a coma and died two days later. Alison lapsed into puzzled silence. 2 to begin to behave or speak in a way that you did before : She lapsed back into her old ways. Occasionally he lapsed into his native German. 3 to get into a worse state or become worse : Following his death, the Empire lapsed into chaos. His poetry often lapses into sentimentality.

Front 41

Radiant

Back 41

irRadiant:irradiant, bright, brilliant, effulgent, lambent, lucent, luminous, lustrous, phosphorescent, radiant, refulgent.Radiant energy:radiant energy, light, luminous energy, radiation.Radiantly:radiantly, beautifully, brightly, brilliantly, gorgeously, grandly, handsomely, magnificently, remarkably, strikingly, wonderfully.Antonyms:darkly, dully, miserably, poorly, sadly.Radiants:radiants, brights, ecstatics, gays, glads, glossies, lights, magnificoes, neons, red-hots, sharps.Antonyms:darks.

Hint 41

درخشان، درخشنده، ساطع، تابناک، شعاعی، پرجلا، مشعشع

ra‧di‧ant / reɪdiənt / adjective 1 full of happiness and love, in a way that shows in your face and makes you look attractive : She looked radiant in a white silk dress. a radiant smile radiant with They were both radiant with happiness. 2 [ only before noun ] literary very bright : a lovely day with clear blue skies and radiant sun 3 [ only before noun ] technical radiant heat or energy is sent out in the form of waves — radiantly adverb : She looked radiantly beautiful.

Front 42

Streak

Back 42

blue Streak:blue streak, agile, brisk, electric, fleeting, flying, hot, nimble, quick, rapid, swift.Antonyms:boring, clumsy, dull, flexible, good, impermanent, insecure, loose, moral, movable, plodding, slow, sluggish, tardy, unattached, unfixed, unhurried, upright.hairStreak:hairstreak, hairstreak butterfly.Streaked:streaked, barred, brindled, marked, pied, ridged, streaky, striated, striped, variegated, veined.Streaking:streaking, band, blotch, dapple, daub, fleck, mottle, smear, splotch, streak, stripe.Streaks:streaks, beams, characteristics, dashes, flashes, shoots, sides, strains, suspicions, touches, traits.Antonyms:lots.Streaky:streaky, banded, barred, brindle, brindled, streaked, striate, striated, striped, stripy, veined.winning Streak:winning streak, bonanza, boom, boon, good fortune, jackpot, stroke of luck, windfall.

Hint 42

رگه، خط، ورقه، رگ، تمایل

streak 1 / strik / noun [ countable ] 1 a coloured line, especially one that is not straight or has been made accidentally : Sue has blonde streaks in her hair. 2 a part of someone’s character that is different from the rest of their character : a mean streak streak of His serious nature was lightened by a streak of mischief. 3 a period of time during which you continue to be successful or to fail be on a winning/losing streak Celtic are on a six-game winning streak. 4 streak of lightning/fire/light etc a long straight flash of lightning , fire etc

streak 2 verb 1 [ intransitive always + adverb/preposition ] to run or fly somewhere so fast you can hardly be seen streak across/along/down etc Two jets streaked across the sky. 2 [ transitive usually passive ] to cover something with lines of colour, liquid etc : The sky was streaked yellow and purple. streak with His hands and arms were streaked with paint. 3 [ intransitive ] to run across a public place with no clothes on as a joke or in order to shock people

Front 43

Cautiously

Back 43

Care, suspicion, worry, tact

Front 44

Fondly

Back 44

Love and affection

Hint 44

با مهربانی

Front 45

Urgently

Back 45

Hurridenss, urgency, impatience, panic

Front 46

Solemnly

Back 46

Sadness, earnestness, sincereity

Front 47

Frimly

Back 47

Confident, decisiveness, mind being made up

Front 48

Angrily

Back 48

Frustration, annoyance, anger,

Front 49

Tactfully

Back 49

Caution, empathy, kindness, sympathy

Front 50

Humbly

Back 50

Modesty, embarrasment, meekness

Front 51

Confidently

Back 51

Surely, confidence, self-assurance

Front 52

Joyously

Back 52

Happiness, joy

Front 53

Conviction

Back 53

con‧vic‧tion W3 / kənvɪkʃ ə n / noun 1 [ countable ] a very strong belief or opinion religious/political etc convictions a woman of strong political convictions deep/strong conviction The Dotens have a deep conviction that marriage is for life. conviction that The students possess the conviction that they can make a difference to their community. 2 [ uncountable ] the feeling of being sure about something and having no doubts with/without conviction He was able to say with conviction that he had changed. ‘No,’ she said, without conviction. It was a reasonable explanation, but his voice lacked conviction . It took her so much effort to speak that what she said carried great conviction (= showed she felt sure of what she said ) . 3 [ uncountable and countable ] a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty OPP acquittal : They had no previous convictions. Applicants are checked for criminal convictions. conviction for This was her third conviction for theft. the trial and conviction of Jimmy Malone → have the courage of your convictions at courage ( 2 ) COLLOCATIONS ADJECTIVES/NOUN + conviction a criminal conviction Jason already had a criminal conviction for theft. a murder/manslaughter/fraud etc conviction He lost his job following a drugs conviction. a previous/prior conviction (= a crime someone was found guilty of in the past ) The man had five previous convictions for being drunk and disorderly. a wrongful conviction (= a guilty verdict that was wrong ) The trial led to the men's wrongful conviction. verbs have a conviction for something You must declare whether you have any convictions. lead to a conviction They offered a reward for information leading to the conviction of the killer. obtain/secure a conviction (= make someone be found guilty ) The prosecution had obtained a conviction based on false evidence. appeal against conviction (= ask a court of law to change it ) The men intend to appeal against their convictions. quash/overturn a conviction (= officially say that it was wrong ) The Court of Appeal quashed their convictions. uphold a conviction (= officially say that it was right ) The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal.

Hint 53

محکومیت، عقیده

Front 54

Gregarious

Back 54

Gregariously:gregariously, communicative, companionable, company-loving, convivial, gregarious, herd, outgoing, sociable, sociably, social.Antonyms:shyly.Gregariousness:gregariousness, affability, companionability, companionship, conviviality, friendliness, geniality, intimacy, jollity, sociability, togetherness.Antonyms:bad blood, dislike, gloom, hate, shyness.nonGregarious:nongregarious, detached, introverted, quiet, reserved, retired, retiring, shrinking, shy, solitary, withdrawn.Antonyms:extroverted, friendly, outgoing, self-confident, sociable.

Hint 54

gre‧gar‧i‧ous / ɡrɪɡeəriəs $ -ɡer- / adjective 1 friendly and preferring to be with other people SYN sociable OPP solitary 2 technical gregarious animals tend to live in a group OPP solitary — gregariously adverb — gregariousness noun [ uncountable ]

Front 55

Philanthropy

Back 55

Hint 55

انسان‌دوستی

Phlanthropic

Phlanthropically

Phlanthropist

Front 56

Abject

Back 56

Walter became very depressed when his business ended in abject failure

Abjection:abjection, abasement, abjectness, baseness, debasement, degradation, infamy, lowness, meanness, mortification, pettiness.Antonyms:abundance, advantage, benefit, blessing, bulge, cheer, cheerfulness, comfort, contentedness, contentment, convexity, encouragement, enough, gladness, happiness, hope, hopefulness, joy, liveliness, peace, pleasure, plenty, profit, protuberance, recovery, surge, surplus.Abjectly:abjectly, apologetically, dutifully, fawningly, grovelingly, ingratiatingly, meanly, poorly, resignedly, slavishly, sycophantically.Antonyms:boastfully, cheerfully, confidently, haughtily, proudly.Abjectness:abjectness, abjection, distress, dole, downheartedness, dreariness, hopelessness, lowness, misery, mortification, trouble.Antonyms:advantage, contentment, encouragement, happiness, joy.

Hint 56

ab‧ject / æbdʒekt / adjective 1 abject poverty/misery/failure etc the state of being extremely poor, unhappy, unsuccessful etc 2 an abject action or expression shows that you feel very ashamed : an abject apology — abjectly adverb

Front 57

Eject

Back 57

V. To make sth come out of a machine or to remove person from somewhere

since the plane was flying low to the water, the pilot managed to safely eject from his seat.

Hint 57

e‧ject / ɪdʒekt / verb 1 [ transitive ] to make someone leave a place or building by using force eject somebody from something The demonstrators were ejected from the hall. 2 [ transitive ] to make someone leave a job or position very quickly eject somebody from something 420 workers have been ejected from their jobs with no warning. 3 [ transitive ] to suddenly send something out : Two engines cut out and the plane started to eject fuel as it lost height. 4 [ intransitive ] if a pilot ejects, he or she escapes from a plane, using an ejector seat because it is going to crash 5 [ intransitive and transitive ] if you eject a tape or disk , or if it ejects, it comes out of a machine after you have pressed a particular button — ejection / ɪdʒekʃ ə n / noun [ uncountable and countable ]

dEject:deject, cast down, demoralize, depress, discourage, dishearten, dismay, dispirit, oppress, sadden, weigh down.Antonyms:be friends, prop up, side with, smile upon, subscribe to.dEjected:dejected, blue, crestfallen, depressed, despondent, dispirited, downcast, downhearted, gloomy, melancholy, sad, depressed, desponding, Dispirited, downcast, gloomy, low-spirited, melancholy.Antonyms:above, blithe, cheerful, cheerful, elated, encouraged, gay, happy, heartened, hopeful, inspirited, joyous, upright.dEjection:dejection, blues, depression, despondency, discouragement, doldrums, downheartedness, gloom, melancholy, sadness, unhappiness.Antonyms:cheer, cheerfulness, happiness, joy.Ejecta:ejecta, dejecta, dung, egesta, ejectamenta, excrement, excreta, faeces, feces, feculence, ordure.Ejected:ejected, banish, cast out, discharge, dismiss, evict, expel, force out, oust, sack, vomit.Antonyms:hire, hold, include, permit, welcome.Ejecting:ejecting, discharge, dislodge, dismiss, dump, excretion, expel, exudation, oust, sack, urination.Antonyms:hire, hold, include, permit, welcome.Ejection:ejection, banishment, boot, discharge, dismissal, elimination, eviction, exile, expulsion, ouster, removal.Antonyms:employment, hiring, retention, welcoming.Ejection seat:ejection seat, capsule, ejector seat.Ejective:ejective, ejaculative, emissive, expulsive, extrusive.Ejectment:ejectment, boot, bounce, discharge, dismissal, dispossession, ejection, eviction, expulsion, ouster, removal.Ejector:ejector, baffler, cartridge ejector, deflector, extractor, kicker, ouster, pusher, reflector, rejector, speculum.rEject:reject, decline, deny, discard, dismiss, eliminate, refuse, renounce, repudiate, spurn, turn down, cast away, decline, discard, exclude, refuse, renounce, Repel, repudiate, throw by.Antonyms:accept, admire, admit, admit, agree, allow, appropriate, approve, attract, believe, choose, grant, hail, include, increase, keep, like, love, ok, praise, ratify, sanction, select, take on, take up, trust, welcome.rEjected:rejected, abandoned, deserted, discarded, dropped, forlorn, forsaken, jilted, left, outcast, spurned.Antonyms:allowed, cherished, chosen.rEjecting:rejecting, anti, contrary, dissenting, negative, opposing, rebuff, recusant, refusing, resisting, veto.Antonyms:accept, allow, grant, sanction, welcome.rEjection:rejection, denial, dismissal, elimination, exclusion, rebuff, refusal, renunciation, repudiation, thumbs down, veto.Antonyms:acceptance, allowance, approval, choice, ratification, sanction, welcome.rEjections:rejections, bounce, dismissal, elimination, exclusion, nix, pass, renunciation, repudiation, turndown, veto.Antonyms:acceptance, allowance, choice, ratification, welcome.rEjector:rejector, baffler, deflector, ejector, reflector, reverberator, speculum, trap, trapes.rEjects:rejects, deny, dismiss, refuse, renounce, repudiate, scrap, second, spurn, turn down, veto.Antonyms:accept, allow, grant, sanction, welcome.

Front 58

Trajectory

Back 58

N. The direction in which an object/ event/ process developes.

Scientists could predict where the asteroid was going to hit by observing its trajectory through space

Hint 58

Front 59

Subject to

Back 59

we plan to play golf while on vacation, but that's subject to good weather, of course.

Hint 59

Front 60

Dejected

Back 60

Adj. Feeling without hope or enthusiasm

after his girlfriend told him she didn't want to date him anymore, Carl felt totally dejected.

Hint 60

Front 61

Interject

Back 61

V. To interrupt

if people start arguing over minor details in a meeting the leader should interject and steer the discussion in a more productive direction.

Hint 61

Interjected:interjected, added, exclaimed, implanted, imported, included, interpolated, interposed, interrupted, intruded, spake.Antonyms:erased, removed, subtracted, withdrew.Interjection:interjection, call, cry, ejaculation, exclamation, injection, interpellation, interpolation, interposition, shout, yell.Interjectional:interjectional, exclamatory, intercalary, interpolative.Interjections:interjections, ahs, amens, boos, cries, exclamations, hellos, hoorays, interruptions, outbursts, utterances

Front 62

Objection

Back 62

N. A statement of disagreement

the government had to cancel plans to build a highway next to the housing estate as there were too many objection from the residents.

Hint 62

Objectionability:objectionability, impropriety, inadmissibility, indecency, indecorousness, unacceptability, undesirability, undueness, unsuitability, wrongness.Objectionable:objectionable, disagreeable, distasteful, exceptionable, obnoxious, offensive, reprehensible, repugnant, unacceptable, undesirable, unpleasant.Antonyms:acceptable, agreeable, delicious, delightful, good, happy, kind, nice, palatable, pleasant, pleasing, unobjectionable, welcome.Objections:objections, disapprobation, disapproval, dislike, exception, grievance, opposition, outcry, protest, protestation, remonstrance.Antonyms:calm, compliment, happiness, praise, satisfaction.unObjectionable:unobjectionable, acceptable, admissible, clean, fair, harmless, innocent, innocuous, inoffensive, neutral, passable.Antonyms:dirty, unpleasant.unObjectionably:unobjectionably, acceptably, adequately, all right, okay, passably, reasonably, satisfactorily, suitably, tolerably, well enough.Antonyms:no.

Front 63

Ject

Back 63

Ject

Front 64

Set out

Back 64

Front 65

Settle on

Back 65

Front 66

Come up with

Back 66

To find or discover/ think of or produce sth

Juan thought about his problem for the whole week, but he just couldn't *com up with* a solution.

Front 67

Creep in

Back 67

To develope slowly especially in a negative way

For most people, it is usually around the teenage years that doubt and insecurities begin to creep in

Front 68

Turn out

Back 68

To end up to be/ to be discovered to be

People were angry when the newspaper report about the escaped gorilla turned out to be an elaborate hoax (حقه بازی استادانه)

Front 69

Think it over

Back 69

To consider sth more deeply before making a decision

Although Satoshi's boss offered him a promotion, it will mean moving overseas. He said he would think it over for a day or two.

Front 70

Make up

Back 70

To fabricate, lie

The boy was late for school and had to *make up* an excuse

Front 71

Add up

Back 71

To have a large effectwhen put together

Small changes to your life, like taking the stairs instead of the lift, or swapping soft drinks for water, can really add up

Front 72

Drop by

Back 72

To pay a brief casual visit

We can drop by Janice's apartment since she lives near by.

Hint 72

به کسی سر زدن

Front 73

Pass up

Back 73

To let go by without accepting or taking advantage of

My colleagues were puzzled as to why I passed up in chance for a big promotion, but I know I wasn't able to handle the stress

Hint 73

رد کردن، نپذیرفتن

Front 74

Wear off

Back 74

To gradually decrease, disappear/ stop

The doctor told me that I might feel pain once the effects of the drugs wear off. I 'm not looking forward to that.

Hint 74

به تدریج از بین رفتن

Front 75

Get along

Back 75

Martin & I don't really get along, and I don't think I can put up with him much longer if he continiues making arrogant remark (اظهار تکبر)

Front 76

Go without

Back 76

When people fast, they go without food and water for a certain period of time

Front 77

Hold on

Back 77

Please hold on a minute when I write down the address