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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the Guide establish?
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The minimum ethical, practice, and care standards for researchers and their institutions (research, teaching, production); Should be used as a fuondation for the dev. Of a comprehensive animal care and use program (continual improvement)
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Def: Laboratory Animal
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Any vertebrate animal (traditional LAs, agricultural animals, wildlife, aquatic) produced or used in research, testing, or teaching
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Def: Animal Use
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The proper care, use, and humane treatment of LAs produced for or used in research, testing, or teaching
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What animals does the Guide NOT give detailed info on?
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Ag animals used in production, Ag research, or teaching; wildlife/aquatic sp. Studied in natural settings; Invertebrates (cephalopods)
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Who first spoke of the 3-Rs?
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Russel and Burch 1959
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RRR
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Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction
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Replacement
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Methods that aovid using animals; absolute; relative (animal lower on the phylogenetic scale)
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Refinement
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Modifications of husbandry or experimental procedures to enhance animal well-being and minimize/eliminate pain and distress. Protocol review = use a critial eye, pain may be necessary
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Reduction
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1. Obtaining comparable info from fewer animals 2. Maximizing info. from a given # of animals w/o increasing pain/distress so fewer animals are needed in the long run to get the same info. Analysis of exp. design, applications of new technology, stasticial methods, control of variables
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When not to reduce the animal #
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animal reuse (esp. if the well-being of the animals would be compromised)
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Severe chronic pain
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can alter maintainence of normal physiology, response to stressors. 1. if anticipated need to define/justify humane endpoints. 2. if unexpected need to consult vet
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Def: Humane Care
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Actions taken to ensure that lab animals are treated according to high ethical and scientific standards
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Def: Animal Care Program (Program)
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The policies, procedures, standards, organizational structure, staffing, facilities, and practices put into place by an institution to achieve the humane care and use of animals in the lab and throughout the institution (IACUC)
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Def: Engineering standards
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A standard or guideline that specifies in detail a method, technology, or technique for achieving a desired outcome (prescriptive, limited flexibility BUT establishes a baseline and easy to evaluate)
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Def: Performance standards
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A standard or guideline that , whlie describigna desired outcome, provides flexibility in achieving this outcome by granting discretion to those responsible for managing the animal care and use program, researcher, and IACUC. Need to clearly define desired outcomes/goals and reguarly monitor to verify success. (consider many variables, tailored to meet the guide)
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Def: Practice standards
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The application of professional judgement by qualified, experienced individuals to a task or process over time. Approach that has been demonstrated to benefit or enhance animal care and use.
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Def: Policies (private vs public)
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Private: practical statement that are internal to the entity/facility Public: Means by which an implementing agency interprets existing statutes (PHS)
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Def: Principles
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Broad scope, application endorsed by many and diverse organizations (US Gov principles)
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Def: Procedures / SOP
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Detailed, step-by-step processes ment to ensure consistent application of institutional practices
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Def: Must
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An action that is imperative and mandatory duty or requirement for providing humane animal care and use (need justification)
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Def: Should
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Strong recommendation for achieving a goal; alternative strategies may be justified
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Def: May
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Suggestion to be considered
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Who approved writing of the Guide
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Governing Board of the National Research Council (ILAR recommended it be updated)
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Who is: National Academy of __________
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Advise federal gov on scientific and technical matters
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What should the Guide be used for
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a foundation for the development of a comprehensive animal care and use program (concept and application of performance standards re: the Guides goals, outcomes, and considerations)
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History of publications
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1963 (Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care), 1965, 1968, 1972, 1978, 1985, 1996, 2010 (eighth edition)
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Professional judgement
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Upholds the central notion of performance standards and obviates the need for more stringent regulations
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According to the Guide what 2 topics merit further study
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1. Space and housing needs of LA's 2. need and best methods for providing enrichment, exercise, and human contact
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