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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sicily
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A sicily is the largest island in the Meditarranean sea, comprising an autonomous religion of Italy.
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Apennines
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An Apennines is a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending 1200 km (750 mi) along the length of peninsular Italy.
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Latium
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A Latium is a region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Rome empire.
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Tiber River
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The Tiber River is the third-longest river in Italy, rising in the Apennine mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing 406 kilometers (252 mi) through the Umbria and Lazio to the Tyrrhenian sea.
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Romulus and Remus
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Romulus and Remus are Rome's twin founders in its traditional foundation myth.
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Aenas
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Aenas is Greco-Roman mythology, was a Trojan hero, and to son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite.
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Latins
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Latins are several groups of people.
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Etruscan
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In Attic r eEtruscans were known as Τυρρήνιοι (Tyrrhēnioi), earlier Tyrsenoi, from which the Romans derived the names Tyrrhēni.
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Etruria
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Etruria is a region of central Italy located in an area that covered part of what now Tuscany,Latium, Emilia-Romagna and Umbria.
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Tarquins
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Tarquin, Latin in full Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (flourished 6th century bc—died 495 bc, Cumae [near modern Naples, Italy]), traditionally the seventh and last king of Rome, accepted by some scholars as a historical figure. His reign is dated from 534 to 509 bc.
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Republic
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The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a republican form of government. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, c. 508 BC, and lasted 482 years until its subversion, through a series of civil wars, into the Principal form of government and the imperial period.
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Legions
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A Roman legion normally indicates the basic ancient Roman army unit recruited specifically from Roman citizens. The organization of legions varied greatly over time but they were typically composed of perhaps 6,000 soldiers, divided into maniples and (later, into "cohorts)". Maniples/Cohorts were divided into "centuries".
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Patricians
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The patricians were the rich landowners. They would often have a house in the city and a villa in the country that was run by slaves. Those who were well-off lived in townhouses with central courtyards know as atrium.
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Plebians
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The plebeians were the lower class. Nicknamed "plebs", the plebeians included everyone in ancient Rome (except for the nobility, the patricians) from well-to-do tradesmen all the way down to the very poor.
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Consuls
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The consuls were the chairmen of the Senate, which served as a board of advisers. They also commanded the Roman army (both had two legions) and exercised the highest juridical power in the Roman empire. Therefore, the Greek historian Polybius of Megalopolis likened the consuls to kings.
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Veto
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When the Roman Republic was first set up, in 500 BC, the people in charge were two men called consuls. Women were not allowed to be consuls. The consuls controlled the army, and they decided whether to start a war and how much taxes to collect and what the laws were. They both had to agree in order to change anything; if one of them said “veto”, Latin for “I forbid it”, then nothing would be done.
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Praetors
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After the reforms of the 360's, the title was used to describe a patrician magistrate who was responsible for the administration of justice. Later, plebeians were also allowed to be praetor. In 242, a second praetor was introduced, the praetor peregrinus, who was responsible for Italy. The first praetor, the praetor urbanus, stayed in Rome.
In 227, two additional praetors were introduced: they were responsible for the provinces of Sicily and Sardinia/Corsica. After the creation of provinces in Spain (Hispania Citerior and Ulterior) in 197, the number was raised to six, which was sufficient. When new territories were conquered, no new praetors were appointed. At that time, the office was occupied for two years. |
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Dictator
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Rome's first dictator was Aulus Postumius Albinus, who was appointed in the first decade of the fifth century BCE, when the Latin allies revolted. This was a serious crisis and the Romans thought that only one man with extraordinary powers could solve the problems. This measure was successful and was sometimes repeated. A consul or (in emergency situations) praetor could appoint a dictator; this proposal could not be vetoed.
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Cincinnatus
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Cincinnatus was a Roman farmer, dictator, and consul from the legendary period of Roman history. He gained fame as a model of Roman virtue. He was a farmer above all, but when called to serve his country he did so well, efficiently, and without question, even though a prolonged stay away from his farm could mean starvation for his family. When he served his country, he made his stint as dictator as brief as possible. He was also admired for his lack of ambition.
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Carthage
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A long time ago, when Rome was still a Republic, a big fight broke out between Rome and Carthage. Carthage was an ancient city-state in North Africa, about 300 miles from Rome.
Carthage and Rome had never liked each other, but they had, for the most part, left each other alone in the past. Both cities were busy building empires of their own. Carthage had grown into a huge empire. Carthage had a strong army, a strong navy, and a strong government. |
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Hannibal
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Young Hannibal was the son of Hamilcar Barca, the head of the Carthaginian Army. Carthage at that time was one of two dominant powers in the area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. Carthage was an old city, having been founded by the Phoenicians, an early people who expanded outward from the area that we now call the Middle East. The Phoenicians built ships and explored the Mediterranean, building colonies along the way. Carthage was one such colony. As the Phoenicians' power and influence waned, their colonies became self-sufficient. In the case of Carthage, the colony also became powerful.
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Cannae
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The Battle of Cannae taking place on August 2, 216 BC near the town of Cannae in Apulia in southeast Italy. The army of Carthage under Hannibal decisively defeated a numerically superior army of the Roman Republic under command of the consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro. It is regarded as one of the greatest tactical feats in military history to this day and, in terms of the numbers killed, the second greatest defeat of Rome (second only to the Battle of Arausio, in 105 BC).
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Scipio
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Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (235–183 BC), also known as Scipio Africanus and Scipio the Elder, was a general in the Second Punic War and statesman of the Roman Republic.
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Zama
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The Battle of Zama, fought around October 19, 202 BC, marked the final and decisive end of the Second Punic War.
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Latifundia
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Latifundia are pieces of property covering very large land areas.
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Julus Caesar
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Julius Caesar is one of Ancient Rome's most famous individuals, was born in 100 BC - or near to that year. Julius Caesar joined the Roman Army in 81 BC and was the first Roman army commander to invade England which he did in 55 BC and again in 54 BC. Caesar was born into a wealthy family and he was a well educated child who was good at sport.
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Triumvirate
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Triumvirates were common in the Roman republic. The First Triumvirate. was the alliance of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Marcus Licinius Crassus formed in 60 B.C. This was not strictly a triumvirate, since the alliance had no official sanction.
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Ribicon Octavian
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The Rubicon is a shallow river in northeastern Italy, about 80 kilometres long, running from the Apennine Mountains to the Adriatic Sea through the southern Emilia-Romagna region, between the towns of Rimini and Cesena.
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Antony
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Antony was a general in the army of Julius Caesar who rose to become one of Caesar's closest colleagues.c
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Actium
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Actium was the ancient name of a promontory of western Greece in northwestern Acarnania, at the mouth of the Sinus Ambracius (Gulf of Arta) opposite Nicopolis, built by Augustus on the north side of the strait.
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Cicero
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Cicero was a famous Roman statesman. He was born six years before Julius Caesar. They were in politics at the same time. Cicero was from a wealthy family. He was educated as a lawyer. He served in the Senate. He served as elected Consul, the highest position in government under the Republic. He was a wonderful speaker. When Cicero spoke, people listened.
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Augustus
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Augustus was a shrewd, brilliant and astute politician. Through cold, hard political calculation he was able to achieve ultimate power in Rome. At the time of Caesar’s assassination, Octavian held no official position. Only after he marched on Rome and forced the senate to name him consul, was he established as a power to be reckoned with.
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Pax Romana
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Augustus was Julius Caesar's adopted son. Also the first Roman Empire.
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Caligula
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Caligula was the Roman Empire from age 37 to 41.
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Nero
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Nero was the fifth Roman emperor and the last of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. He is remembered as an ineffectual, neglectful and brutal leader.
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Hadrian
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Hadrian was the most intellectual and cultivated of all the emperors, and a generous patron.
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Aqueduct
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he Romans constructed numerous aqueducts to serve any large city in their empire, as well as many small towns and industrial sites.
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Rhine River
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Rhine is the largest river in Europe. With a length of 1326 kilometer, the Rhine is one of the longest rivers in Europe.
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Danube River
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The Danube river was adopted from ad 9 as the natural frontiers of the Roman Empire.
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Ostia
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Ostia Antica is a large archeological site, close to the modern town of Ostia, that was the location of the harbour city of ancient Rome, which is approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the northeast.
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Currency
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The Roman currency during most of the Roman Republic and the western half of the Roman Empire consisted of coins including the aureus (gold), the denarius (silver), the sestertius (bronze), the dupondius (bronze), and the as (copper). These were used from the middle of the third century BC until the middle of the third century AD.
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Valt
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Is a concealed compartment where you can store items in them.
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Virgil
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Virgil was a classic poet.
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Horace
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orn in the small town of Venusia in the border region between Apulia and Lucania (Basilicata), Horace was the son of a freed slave, who owned a small farm in Venusia, and later moved to Rome to work as a coactor (a middleman between buyers and sellers at auctions, receiving 1% of the purchase price from each for his services).
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Satires
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In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into improvement.
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Odes
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Oades are quotes.
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Galen
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Galen was born in 131 AD. He was a gifted intellect who studied at the famous medical school in Alexandria in Egypt. At the age of 28, Galen became the surgeon to a school of gladiators but in 161 AD he moved to Rome apparently with the sole intention of seeking fame and fortune.
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Anatomy
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"Anatomy is the foundation of medicine," the classical Greek physician Hippocrates declared, "and should be based on the form of the human body."
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Ptolemy
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Ptolemy was the son of King Juba II and Queen Cleopatra Selene II of Mauretania. He had a younger sister called Drusilla of Mauretania.
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Forum
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The Roman Forum is located in a valley that is between the Palatine hill and the Capitoline hill.
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Gladiators
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Most Roman gladiators began as slaves but some gave up
their freedom to be a gladiator. There were very many different kinds of gladiators in Rome. Most of their battle techniques came from conquered lands. Sometimes these gladiators would be killed in the battle because this is what the Roman people liked to see. They were blood thirsty people. Roman gladiators had to train a lot before being able to fight in the Colosseum. |
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Paterfamilias
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They were the head of the Roman family.
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Spartacus
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Spartacus was born a freeman. He joined the army, but he ran away. When he was caught, he was sold into slavery to work as a gladiator. Some gladiators were freemen. But most, like Spartacus, were slaves, who had been sold to a gladiator school. When these men were not fighting, they were locked up in the gladiator school, to make sure they did not escape.
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Plague
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The epidemic claimed the lives of two Roman emperors—Lucius Verus, who died in 169, and his co-regent who ruled until 180, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, whose family name, Antoninus, was given to the epidemic.
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Inflation
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The fall of Ancient Rome started from about AD 190. The Roman Empire was attacked by tribes such as the Goths and the Vandals. Civil wars in parts of the empire further weakened the rule of Rome and respect for Roman law dwindled as a result.
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Barter
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In ancient Rome the soldiers were paid with salt.
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Diocletian
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Diocletian was a Roman Emperor from 284 to 305.
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Reforms
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the state centred on the city of Rome. This article discusses the period from the founding of the city and the regal period, which began in 753 bc , through the events leading to the founding of the republic in 509 bc , the establishment of the empire in 27 .B.C , and the final eclipse of the Empire.
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Constantinople
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Constantinople was founded by the Roman emperor Constantine
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Theodosius
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Theodosius was a Roman Empire.
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Alaric Odoacer
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Odoacer became the first barbarian king of the western empire.
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Justinian
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Justinian was a Christian emperor of the Roman Empire on the cusp between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Justinian is sometimes called "The Last of the Romans."
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Mosaics
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Wall mosaics were not very common in ancient Rome and were generally restricted to the decoration of fountains where the mosaic would be mixed with other decoration such as encrusted shells or rocks.
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Saints
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Saints is a place where the Ancient people of Roam buried people alive.
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