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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 4 ways that balanced is maintained b/t acids and Bases? |
1. Buffer system (P, protein, bicarbonate) 2. Respiratory responses 3. Renal responses 4. Intracellular shifts in ions |
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What is the function of respiratory/volatile acid? |
Controls respiratory rate via the elimation of CO2 carbonic acid H2CO3 moves outside of the cell and attaches to RBC in which gets broke down to H+ & HCO3- (bicarb) and H+ attaches to hemoglobin traveling all the way to the lungs where H+ &HCO3- combine to form H2CO3 and get broken down into H2O and CO2 |
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What 3 things increase in response to an incr in CO2? |
PCO2, H+ (lowers pH) & bicarb HCO3- |
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What are 3 sources of metabolic/nonvolatile acids? |
1. Lactic acid (energy metabolism) 2. HCl acid (digestion) 3. Keto-acid (food for the brain) |
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What are 2 function of metabolic acids? |
1. Incr H+ 2. Decr bicarbs by having H+ bind to them to form cabonic acids |
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What are 4 things that incr in respiratory acidosis? |
1. PCO2 -> primary disturbance 2. H+ (lowers pH < 7.35) 3. H2CO3 4. HCO- -> as compensation for the incr in the other 3 (-> secondary response)
1 carbonic acid = 20 bicarbs |
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What are 4 things that decr in respiratory alkalosis? |
1. PCO2 -> primary disturbance 2. H+ (incr pH >7.45) 3. H2CO3 4. HCO3 -> to compensate for the decr in the other 3 (--> secondary response) |
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What are 2 types of metabolic imbalances? |
1. Metabolic Acidosis 2. Metabolic alkalosis |
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What incr in metabolic Acidosis and what 2 things decr? |
Incr in H+ Decr in bicarbs (lactic acid, keto acids etc) --> primary disturbance Decr in PCO2 = heavier breathing -> secondary response |
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What decr in metabolic alkalosis and what 2 things incr? |
Decr H+ Incr bicarbs -> primary disturbance PO2 (lighter breathing) -> secondary response |
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What are 4 factors do you need to determine Acid-Base status? |
1. pH (7.35-7.45) - indicates if an imbalance exists 2. PCO2 (35-45) - indicates if the cause is respiratory 3. HCO3- (22-26) - indicates if the cause is metabolic 4. If imbalance exists what's compensating? |
