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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is Respiratory Acidosis?
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Excess Carbon Dioxide or CO2 retention...(too much CO2)
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What is Respiratory Alkalosis?
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Excess CO2 excretion....(deficit of CO2)
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What is Metabolic Acidosis?
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Bicarbonate or HCO3 loss with acid retention
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What is Metabolic Alkalosis?
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Bicarbonate or HCO3 retention and acid loss
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What are possible causes for respiratory acidosis?
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-CNS depression from drugs, injury or disease
-Asphyxia (to smother) -Hypoventilation related to a disease |
(3)
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What are possible causes for respiratory alkalosis?
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-Hyperventilation from anxiety, pain or improper ventilator settings
-respiratory stimulation due to drugs, disease, hypoxia, or fever -Gram negative bacteremia |
(3)
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What are possible causes for metabolic acidosis?
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-Bicarbonate depleation from diarrhea
-Excess production of organic acids from hepatic disease, endocrine disorders, shock, or drug intoxication -Inadequate excretion of acids from renal disease |
(3)
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What are possible causes for metabolic acidosis?
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-Loss of hydrocloric acid from prolonged vomiting or gastric suctioning
-Loss of potassium from increased renal excretion(as in diuretic therapy) or steroids -Excessive alkali ingestion |
(3)
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What are the symptoms for respiratory acidosis?
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-Restlessness
-Confusion -Coma -Headaches -SOB -Tachypnea (fast respirations >20) -Decreased reflexes -Hypoxemia(low o2 in blood) -Tachycardia -Arrhythmias |
(10)
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What are the symptoms for respiratory alkalosis?
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•Deep and rapid respirations
•Dizziness •Agitation •Circumoral and peripheral paresthesia(numbness around lips) •Carpopedal spasms, twitching,(spasms of feet and hands) and muscle weakness |
(5)
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What are the symptoms for metabolic acidosis?
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•Bicarbonate depletion from diarrhea
•Excess production of organic acids from hepatic disease, endocrine disorders, shock, or drug intoxication •Inadequate excretion of acids from renal disease |
(3)
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What are the symptoms for metabolic alkalosis?
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•Loss of hydrochloric acid from prolonged vomiting or gastric suctioning
•Loss of potassium from increased renal excretion (as in diuretic therapy) or steroids •Excessive alkali ingestion |
(3)
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What are the treatments for respiratory acidosis?
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•Bronchodilator(meds that dilate lung bronchus)
•Oxygen •Treat hyperkalemia (^K+) •Treat infection •Treat underlying causes •Chest CPT |
(6)
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What are the treatments for respiratory alkalosis?
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•Treat underlying cause: sepsis, salicylate (aspirin) overdose
•Hypoxia: give O2 •Anxiety: give a sedative •Hyperventilation: breathe into a paper bag •Adjust ventilator settings |
(5)
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What are the treatments for metabolic acidosis?
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•Mechanical ventilation is usually the first line of therapy
•Treat DKA(diabetic Keto Acidosis) •Administer sodium bicarbonate •Dialysis |
(4)
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What are the treatments for metabolic alkalosis?
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•D/C(discontinue) thiazide diuretics and NG suctioning
•Give an antiemetic for N/V(nausea and vomiting) •Meds to excrete bicarb |
(3)
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