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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whta are the basic concepts that apply to body fluids and its relationship to asic base balance?
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-hydrogen concentration determines pH
-It goes on a scale from 1 to 14 -7 is the middle -the lower the number # the more acidic meaning a higher concerntraion of hydrogen -the higher the number the more alkaline the lesser hydrogen concentration |
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What is acidosis?
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a physiological process which adds acids or eliminates bases from the blood
-below 7.35 |
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What is alkolosis?
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a physiological process which adds bases or eliminates acids from the blood
- greater than 7.45 |
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Wat are the 3 regulatory mechanisms of acid base?
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-buffers
-respiratory system -renal system |
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What is a buffer and how does it work?
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act chemically to neutralize acids or change strong acids to weak acids
-primary regulator -react immediately -cannot maintain pH with our adequate respiratory and renal function |
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What is the respiratory regulatory mechanism and how does it work?
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-it eliminates CO2
-responds within minutes to hours -respiratory center in medulla controls breathing -increased respirations lead to decreased CO2 in the blood |
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How is the renal system work as a regulatory mechanism and how does it work
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-eliminates hydrogen and reabsorbs bicarbonate
-reabsorbs and secretes electrolytes -resonds within hours to days |
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What is respiratory acidosis?
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-carbonic acid excess
-caused by: hypoventilation, and respiratory failure -its compensated by the kidneys to conserve HCO3, and secretes hydrogen into urine |
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What is metabolic acidosis?
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-base bicarbonate deficiet
-caused by: ketoacisosis, lactic acid accumulation, severe diarrhia, kidney disease, starvation, and renal failure -compenasted by icreased CO2 excretion by the lungs, Kussmals respirations, and kidneys excrete acid |
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What is respiratory alkalosis?
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-carbonic acid deficit
-caused by: hyperventilation -compensation rarely occurs due to aggressive treatment of causes of hypoxemia |
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What is metrabolic alkalosis?
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-base bicarbonate excess
-caused by: prolonged vomitting, excessive gastic suction, diuretic therapy, potassium deficit, and gain of bicarbonate -compensate by decreased respiratory rate to increase plasma CO2 and renal excretion of bicarbonate |
