Acid-Base Balance

Front 1

Acid-base homeostasis involves what 3 processes?

Back 1

acid production, acid buffering, and acid excretion

Front 2

Cellular metabolism :

Back 2

CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3 <-> H+ + HCO3

Front 3

Meabolic acids:

Back 3

Citric acid, lactic acid, and many others

Front 4

What buffers metabolic acids?

Back 4

Bicarbonate (HCO3)

Front 5

What are the body's two acid excreating systems?

Back 5

Lungs and kidneys; lungs excreat carbonic acid, the kidneys excrete metabolic acid

Front 6

What happens when levels of CO2 in the blood rise? When they fall?

Back 6

Faster and deeper respirations when they rise to excrete the excess CO2; slower more shallow respirations when they fall

Front 7

What happens with people who have lung disease and have difficulties with normal respirations?

Back 7

They can not excrete carbonic acid and their blood is more acidic <7.35

Front 8

Acidosis:

Back 8

pH of <7.35, blood is too acidic

Front 9

Alkalosis

Back 9

pH of >7.45, blood is too basic, alkaline

Front 10

Respiratory acid-base imbalance is compensated by:

Back 10

The kidneys

Front 11

Metabolic acid-base imbalance is compensated for by :

Back 11

Respiratory system

Front 12

Respiratory acidosis happens when:

Back 12

There is alveolar hypoventilation; the lungs can not excrete enough CO2, creating excess carbonic acid in the blood, decreasing pH

Front 13

How long does it take the kidneys to compensate for respiratory acidosis?

Back 13

24 hours to 3-5 days for steady state

Front 14

Respiratory alkalosis happens when:

Back 14

There is alveolar hyperventilation; the lungs excrete too much carbonic acid (CO2+water); usually short-lived

Front 15

Metabolic acidosis occurs:

Back 15

From increased metabolic acids or decrease of base