Acid Base Balance

Front 1

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Back 1

Metabolic acidosis

Front 2

Too much lactic acid

Back 2

Metabolic acidosis

Front 3

High fat diet

Back 3

Metabolic acidosis

Front 4

Malnutrition

Back 4

Metabolic acidosis

Front 5

Ineffective carbohydrate metabolism

Back 5

Metabolic acidosis

Front 6

Severe diarrhea

Back 6

Metabolic acidosis

Front 7

Hypovolemia

Back 7

Metabolic alkalosis

Front 8

Loss of gastric fluid

Back 8

Metabolic alkalosis

Front 9

Excessive bicarbonate intake

Back 9

Metabolic alkalosis

Front 10

Toxins like aspirin

Back 10

Metabolic acidosis

Front 11

Massive blood transfusion

Back 11

Metabolic alkalosis

Front 12

Hyperaldostoronism

Back 12

Metabolic alkalosis (b/c of Increased Na and Bicarbonate absorbtion in kidneys)

Front 13

COPD

Back 13

Respiratory acidosis

Front 14

CO2 is an acid or base?

Back 14

Acid

Front 15

H is an acid or base?

Back 15

Acid

Front 16

Fever

Back 16

Respiratory alkalosis

Front 17

Pain

Back 17

Respiratory alkalosis

Front 18

Hyperventilation

Back 18

Respiratory alkalosis

Front 19

Hypoxia

Back 19

Respiratory alkalosis (b/c you want to breathe MORE)

Front 20

Overventilation by mechanical ventilators

Back 20

Respiratory alkalosis

Front 21

Brain trauma

Back 21

Respiratory acidosis

Front 22

Asthma

Back 22

Respiratory acidosis

Front 23

Bronchiectasis and Bronchitis

Back 23

Respiratory acidosis

Front 24

CNS depressants

Back 24

Respiratory acidosis

Front 25

Pneumonia

Back 25

Respiratory acidosis

Front 26

Pulmonary emboli

Back 26

Respiratory acidosis

Front 27

Atelectasis

Back 27

Respiratory acidosis

Front 28

Hyperkalemia associated with...

Back 28

Respiratory and Metabolic acidosis

Front 29

Hypokalemia associated with...

Back 29

Respiratory and Metabolic alkalosis

Front 30

pH

Back 30

7.35-7.45

Front 31

PCO2

Back 31

35-45 mmHg

Front 32

HCO3

Back 32

22-27 mEq/L

Front 33

PO2

Back 33

80-100 mmHg

Front 34

Allen Test

Back 34

1. Apply pressure to radial and ulnar arteries.
2. Client pumps hand.
3. Let go of ulnar artery.
4. If ulnar artery can compensate w/in 6 sec., you're good.
5. Assess color of hand distal to pressure point.
DO THIS B/C ABG COLLECTION IS FROM RADIAL ARTERY. IF IT'S DAMAGED, ISCHEMIA CAN OCCUR.

Front 35

Obtaining ABG...

Back 35

1. Explain procedure.
2. Obtain vital signs.
3. Assess factors that can contribute to ABG changes.
4. Provide emotional support.
5. Assist w/draw by preparing heparin syringe.
6. Apply pressure after draw for 5 min. regular or 10 min. for pt. on anticoagulant therapy.
7. Label specimen and transport to lab on ice.
8. Record client temp. and supplemental O2.

Front 36

3 things that can affect ABG's

Back 36

1. O2 setting changes
2. Suctioning w/in past 20 min.
3. Client activities

Front 37

Respiratory imbalance is indicated by...

Back 37

Opposite relationship between pH and CO2

Front 38

Metabolic imbalance is indicated by...

Back 38

Cooresponding relationship between pH and HCO3

Front 39

Ca

Back 39

8.7-10

Front 40

Ph

Back 40

2.7-4.5

Front 41

Mg

Back 41

1.6-2.6

Front 42

K

Back 42

3.5-5.1

Front 43

Na

Back 43

135-145

Front 44

Cation

Back 44

Positive

Front 45

Anion

Back 45

Negative

Front 46

Hypocalcemia ECG...

Back 46

Prolonged ST or QT interval

Front 47

Hypernatremia symptoms...

Back 47

Extreme thrist, decreased urinary output, increased urine specific gravity

Front 48

Sensible fluid loss

Back 48

GI tract, urinary output, wound drainage

Front 49

Insensible fluid loss

Back 49

Skin and lungs