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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the most abundant buffer in ICF and blood plasma
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protein
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the main buffer protein in plasmo
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albumin
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acid
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donates H+, gives up H+
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base
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accepts H+
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an important buffer in RBC
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Hemoglobin Hb
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if excess H+, bicarbonate acts as a base to remove H+
if too few H+, carbonic acid acts as an acid to give off H+ |
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) and Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)
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more carbon dioxide exhaled, increase in pH (less H+)
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hyperventilation
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increase in carbon dioxide and in H+, thus decrease in pH
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hypoventilation
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-major effect is depression of CNS, impairment of transmission of signals
- blood pH < 7 -can become disoriented and death is possible -systemic arterial PCO2 >45mmHg -caused by buildup of CO2 (and thus more H+) -airways obstruction, disorders in the respiratory muscles -caused by hypoventilation |
acidosis
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increased excretion of H+, reabsorption of HCO3 , tries to pick up more buffer such as bicarbonate
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compensation for acidosis
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-over-excitability in both CNS and periphery, conduction of impulses repetitively, resulting in nervousness, muscle spasms, convulsions and even death
-ph>7 -sysemic arterial pCO2<35mmHg -caused by hyperventilation -can occur in O2 deficient situations or conditions (altitude, pulmonary disease) |
alkalosis
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decreased secretion of H+ and reabsorption of HCO3 (which can bind to H+)
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compensation for alkalosis
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