Acem Primary - Hand Anatomy

Front 1

What are the groups of muscles in the hand?

Back 1

Thenar

Hypothenar

Lumbricals

Interossei (Dorsal & Palmar)

Other: Palmaris Brevis, Adductor Pollicis

Front 2

Name are the thenar muscles in the hand

Back 2

Opponens pollicis

Abductor pollicis brevis

Flexor pollicis brevis

Front 3

What is the function of the thenar muscles as a group?

Back 3

Fine movements of the thumb

Front 4

What are the attachments of opponens pollicis?

Back 4

Origin: Tubercle of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Lateral margin of the shaft of the metacarpal of the thumb

Front 5

What are the actions of opponens pollicis?

Back 5

Opposes the thumb via medial rotation and flexion of the metacarpal on the trapezium (CMCJ)

Front 6

What is the innervation of opponens pollicis?

Back 6

Recurrent Branch of the Median Nerve

Front 7

What is the arterial supply of opponens pollicis?

Back 7

Superficial Palmar Branch of the Radial Artery

Front 8

What are the attachments of abductor pollicis brevis?

Back 8

Origin: Tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium, and from the associated flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

Front 9

What are the actions of abductor pollicis brevis?

Back 9

Abducts the thumb at the CMCJ

Front 10

What is the innervation of abductor pollicis brevis?

Back 10

Recurrent Branch of the Median Nerve

Front 11

What is the arterial supply of abductor pollicis brevis?

Back 11

Superficial Palmar Branch of the Radial Artery

Front 12

What are the attachments of the flexor pollicis brevis?

Back 12

Origin:

Superficial Head: Flexor Retinaculum

Deep Head: Trapezium and Capitate

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

Front 13

What are the actions of flexor pollicis brevis?

Back 13

Flexes the thumb at the MCPJ

Front 14

What is the innervation of flexor pollicis brevis?

Back 14

Superficial Head: Recurrent Branch of the Median Nerve

Deep Head: Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 15

What is the arterial supply of flexor pollicis brevis?

Back 15

Superficial Palmar Branch of the Radial Artery

Front 16

Name the hypothenar muscles

Back 16

Opponens digiti minimi

Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Front 17

What are the attachments of opponens digiti minimi?

Back 17

Origin: Hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Medial margin of the 5th metacarpal

Front 18

What are the actions of opponens digiti minimi?

Back 18

Opposition of the little finger via rotation of the metacarpal towards the palm

Front 19

What is the innervation of opponens digiti minimi?

Back 19

Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 20

What is the arterial supply of opponens digiti minimi?

Back 20

Ulnar Artery

Front 21

What are the attachments of abductor digiti minimi?

Back 21

Origin: Pisiform

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger on the ulnar side

Front 22

What are the actions of abductor digiti minimi?

Back 22

Abduction of the little finger

Front 23

What is the innervation of abductor digiti minimi?

Back 23

Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1)

Front 24

What is the arterial supply of abductor digiti minimi?

Back 24

Ulnar Artery

Front 25

What are the attachments of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Back 25

Origin: Hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

Front 26

What are the actions of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Back 26

Flexion of the little finger at the MCPJ

Front 27

What is the innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Back 27

Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 28

What is the arterial supply of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Back 28

Ulnar Artery

Front 29

What are the function and actions of the lumbricals of the hand as a group?

Back 29

Linking the extensor tendons to the flexor tendons

Flexion at the MCPJs and extension at the PIPJs &DIPJs of the fingers (not the thumb)

Front 30

What are the attachments of the lumbricals of the hand?

Back 30

Lateral 2 Lumbricals: Unipenate (Middle, Index)

Origin: Tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus of the respective digit

Insertion: Extensor hood on the radial side of the proximal phalanx of the digit

Medial 2 Lumbricals: Bipenate (Little, Ring)

Origin: Tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus of the respective digit and the digit lateral to it (ie: little + ring; ring + middle)

Insertion: Extensor hood on the radial side of the proximal phalanx of the digit

Front 31

What is the innervation of the lumbricals of the hand?

Back 31

Lateral Two: Palmar Digital Nerve from the Median Nerve (Middle, Index)

Medial Two: Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1) (Little, Ring)

Front 32

What is the arterial supply of the lumbricals of the hand?

Back 32

Superficial Palmar Arterial Arch

Front 33

What are the attachments of the dorsal interossei?

Back 33

4 Dorsal Interossei, each with 2 heads

Origin: Lateral and medial surfaces of two adjacent metacarpals

Insertion:

Lateral 2: Lateral side of the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of the index and middle fingers respectively

Medial 2: Medial side of the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of the middle and ring fingers respectively

Front 34

What are the actions of the dorsal interossei?

Back 34

Abduct the fingers at the MCPJs

Assist the lumbricals in flexion and MCPJ joints and extension at the IPJs

Front 35

What is the innervation of the dorsal interossei?

Back 35

Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 36

What is the arterial supply of the dorsal interossei?

Back 36

Dorsal & Palmar Metacarpal Arteries

Front 37

What are the attachments of the palmar interossei?

Back 37

3 Palmar Interossei

Lateral 1:

Origin: Medial surface of the metacarpal of the index finger

Insertion: Medial aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx and extensor hood of the index finger

Medial 2:

Origin: Lateral surfaces of the metacarpals of the little and ring fingers

Insertion: Lateral aspect of the proximal phalanx and extensor hood of the same finger

Front 38

What are the actions of the palmar interossei?

Back 38

Adduct the fingers at the MCPJs

Assist the lumbricals in flexion and MCPJs and extension at the IPJs

Front 39

What is the innervation of the palmar interossei?

Back 39

Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 40

What is the arterial supply of the palmar interossei?

Back 40

Palmar Metacarpal Arteries

Front 41

What are the attachments of the palmaris brevis?

Back 41

Origin: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum overlying the hypothenar eminence

Insertion: Dermis of the skin on the medial margin of the hand

Front 42

What are the actions of the palmaris brevis?

Back 42

Tightens the palmar aponeurosis and pulls the skin of the medial side of the hand centrally

-> deepens the curvature of the hand, improving grip

Front 43

What is the innervation of the palmaris brevis?

Back 43

Superficial Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 44

What is the arterial supply of the palmaris brevis?

Back 44

Ulnar Artery

Front 45

What are the attachments of the adductor pollicis?

Back 45

Origin:

Transverse Head: Shaft of the palmar surface of the 3rd metacarpal

Oblique Head: Capitate, Bases of metacarpals 2-3

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

Front 46

What are the actions of the adductor pollicis?

Back 46

Adduction of the thumb at the CMCJ

Front 47

What is the innervation of the adductor pollicis?

Back 47

Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

Front 48

What is the arterial supply of the adductor pollicis?

Back 48

Deep Palmar Arterial Arch