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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mechanism of ace Inhibitor |
Ace inhibits the converting enzyme from changing from angiotensin to angiotensin 2 |
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Interactions of Ace Inhibitors |
Nsaids- Reduced hypertensive affect Lithium |
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Contraindications of Ace Inhibitiors |
Lactating women Children Patients with bilateral renal stenosis, Patients with K over 5 |
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Side effects of Ace Inhibitors |
Angioedema, hypotension, interactable cough , HyperKalemia |
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Adverse of Ace inhibitors |
Fatigue dizziness, mood changes, headaches |
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Ace Meds |
Capropril Trandopril Enapril Lisinopril Prendopril Ramipril Fosinopril Imidapril Benazepril |
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Captopril |
SE dizziness, fatigue, GI disturbance, productive cough, swelling of face and extremities Evaluate WBC on regular basis K may increase Give 1 hr before meals |
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ARbs mechanism |
Blocks action of angiotensin 2 |
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Arbs end in what? |
"Sartan" |
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Arbs used for |
Hypertension only Does not causae hyperkalemia |
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Contraindications of Arbs |
Hyperkalemia |
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Arbs contraindication |
Nsaids- could weaken the effectivness of the drug Lithium Rifampin- decreases arbs effectibness Potassium possible hyperkalemia. Monitor levels |
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Toxcicty of ARBS |
Hypotension and tachycardia tx symptomatic and supportive |
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Arbs side effects |
Chest pain, fatigue, hypoglycemia, diarrhea, UTI, Anemia,Hyperkalemia, and ciugl less likely to ocrur w/ ace |
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Calcium Channel Blocker Mechanism of action |
Inhibit flow of calcium across the cell membrane relaxing smooth muscle through vasodilation reducing pressure of blood flow throughout the body |
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Calium channel blockers end in ? |
Pine. Benzothiazpine, diltizem, Dihydropuyrides, amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, micardipine, phenylalylamines, verapamil. |
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Popular calcium channel blocker |
Diltiazem |
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Calcium channel blocker contraindications |
Grapefruit juice beta blockers digoxin amiodrone azole antifungals statins cyclosporine |
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Dilitizem |
Used for angina , atrial fib and nhypertension |
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SE of calcium channel |
Dizziness, peripheral edema, arrythmias, nausea Make sure patient has adequte liver function- these can cause LFT's to increase |
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Adverse effects of calcium channel blockers |
Constipation- careful in elderly Vertigo Headache Fatigue Hypotension-we want this effect! |
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What happens on both legs with calcium channel blocers |
Peripheral Edema can occure on both legs |
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Calcium channel contraindications |
Known allergy acute Mi IV block hypotension |
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Beta blockers end in |
lol's |
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Beta bloker used to treat what? |
Hypertension alone or in combination with diuretics |
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Contraindications for betablockers |
Severe bradycardia Heart blocks Asthma Heart failire |
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Mechanism of beta blockers |
Decrease cardiac contractility decrease renin release which will decrease vasocontriction Decreased blood pressure and decrease pulse |
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Things to watch out for on beta blockers |
Blood sugar and watch orthostatic hypotension |
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Adverse of Beta blockers |
Hypotension bradycardia fatigue insomnia sexual dysfunction |
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Who should avoid beta blockers |
Diabetics because it drops blood sugar |
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Popular beta blocker |
Propranolol |
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Propranolo can also be used for |
hypertension, thyrotoxicosis, migraines, essential tremors |
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Propranolol Side effects |
fatigue, lethargy, vivid dreams, sensitivity to cold, bronchoprasm, decreased BP, heart failure |
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Interactions/beware of beta blockers |
Masks tachycardia and hypoglycemia cause bronchioconstriciton Do not give to an asmatic or anyone with chronic lung disease. Can not stop abruply can worsen CHF |
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What is antianginal |
Suply of oxygen and nutrients in the bloos is insuffiencent to meed demains |
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What is Ischemia |
Poor blood supply to an organ |
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what is MI |
Necrosis or death of the cardiac tissue. |
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types of chronic angina |
Chronic angina Unstable angina vasospatic angina |
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Drugs for Angina |
Nitrates or nitrites beta blockers calcium channel blockers |
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Mechanism of action and drug effects of angial drugs |
Cuases vasodilation because of relaxation of smooth mushce dilating effect on myocardial tissue prevent and treat angina |
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Rapid acting forms of nitrates |
Used to treat acute anginal attacks |
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Long acting forms |
Used to preven anginal episodes |
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Types of nitrates |
Nitroglycerin -rapid/long Isosorbide dinitrate - rapid/long Isosorbid monoitrate - primarly long acting |
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Adverse effects of nitrates |
Headaches, reflex tachycardia postural hypotension tollerance may develop |
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Tolerance on nitrates |
Happens on patients taking nitrates around the clock or long acting forms |
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Nitrate patch when to remove |
Remove at bedtime for 8 hrs then apply new patch in morning |
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Nitrates contraindication |
*Hypotension *Used of erectile dysfunction drug- silenafil (viagra), tadalafil (cialis), and varadenafil (levitra) known allergy severe anemia glaucoma severe head injury |
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Isosorbide Dinitrate |
rapid acting sublingual tablets immediate-release tablets long acting oral dosage |
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Nitroglycerin |
Used in the treatment of ischemic heart conditions such as angina Routes PO SL metered dose aerosol that is sprayed under tongue IV and topical |
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Beta blocker treatment for Angina and? |
Angina MI Hypertension dysrhythmias |
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Types if angina beta blocker meds and mechanism |
Atenolol Metoprolol Propranolol Decreases heart rate |
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Anginal beta blocker indications |
Angina antihypertensive cardioprotective effects after MI dysrhythmias some migranes headaches tremors and stage fright |
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Beta blocker contraindication anginal |
Bronchial asthma can promote bronchocontriction diabetes mellitis, can mask hypoglycemia indused tachy cardia PVD |
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Beta blockers adverse effects |
Dizziness fatigue, depression, lethargy impotence , wheezing, dyspnea |
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Patient taking beta blocker for MI what is the main benefit? |
Slowing heart rate down |
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Calcium channel blockers for angina |
*Amlodipine diltiazem verapamil |
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Mechanism of calcium channel blockers for angina |
Causes coronary artery vasodilation Peripheral arterial vasodilation |
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Calcium channel blockers indications |
Angina hypertension coronary spasms |
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Calcium contraindications |
hypotension known allergy acute MI 3rd av block |
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Calcium channel blocker adverse effects |
May cause hypotension, palpitations tachycardia, bradycardia, constipation nausea, dyspnea |
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Nursing implications for angina |
complete health hx obtain baseline vitals, resp pattern and rate patient needs to limit caffeine intake patient to report, weight gain 2lb in 1 day or 5lb in 1 week pulse rate less that 60 beats/min dyspnea Teach patient to change positions slowly |
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What does it man when burning sensation on nitrogycerine tablet |
means the medication is still potent, never chew tablet |
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How long are nitrigycerin tablets potent for |
Potency is lost in about 3 months after bottle has opened. Perserve potency medications stired in airtight dark glass bottle with metal cap no cotton filter. |
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Nitrogycerin path instructions |
Remove patch before bed and apply new in the morning . With site rotation |
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CCB nursing implication |
Constipation is a common problem, discuss patient to take adequate fluids and eat high fiber |
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Anti anginals drug nursing implciation |
Monitir allergic reaction, headache, light headed hypotension dizyness |
