Acceptable Drugs For The Emt

Front 1

How many L/min of oxygen would you put for a pocket mask?

Back 1

6-10 L/min

Front 2

What is the trade name for Nitrous Oxide?

Back 2

Entonox

Front 3

What are the indications for Entonox?

Back 3

• Pain of musculoskeletal origin, particularly fx's
  
• Burns
  
• Suspected ischemic chest pain (BLS)
  
• Pregnancy (only in active labour)
  

Front 4

What is the dosage for Entonox? In pediatrics and adults

Back 4

This will be self administered until the pt feels relief or until the pt drops the mask

Front 5

Name 3 contraindications for Nitrous Oxide

Back 5

• Unable to follow commands
  
• Alt LOC
  
• Significant COPD
  
• Any traumatic chest injury
  
• Suspicion of pneumothorax, obstructed bowel
  
• Decompression sickness
  
• Pregnancy- except in active labour
  

Front 6

True or False: Entonox is a CNS depressant with analgesic properties

Back 6

True

Front 7

True or false: Nitrous Oxide is safe to use when it is -8 degrees celcious

Back 7

False: Nitrous Oxide is not safe to use if the temperature drops below -6

Front 8

What are the indications for Dextrose?

Back 8

• Hypoglycemia
  
• Coma of unknown origin (if unable to obtain a glucose reading
  

Front 9

What is the dosage for Dextrose for adults with and without a head injury?

Back 9

Without suspected head injury: 0.5-1.0 g/kg of D50W slow IVP

Suspected head injury: 12.5g D50W slow IVP

Front 10

What is the dosage for Dextrose for pediatrics?

Back 10

0.5-1.0 g/kg of D25W (2-4 mls/kg) slow IVP

Front 11

True of False: IV cathalon should be 18g minimum as solution is very viscous.

Back 11

True

Front 12

True or False: Pt's with ICP should be withheld Dextrose

Back 12

False: Give only half of the dose and reasses- Never withhold, if the pt's metabolic needs are deficient

Front 13

What is the dosage for a tube of oral glucose? When can you give the next tube if the first is not sufficient?

Back 13

1 tube is 25 g, you may administer the next in 10 minutes if necessary

Front 14

Monogel and glutose as also known

as __________________

Back 14

Oral glucose

Front 15

Name the 1 action that Glucagon does (Pharmacodynamically)

Back 15

• Stimulates hepatic production of glucose from glycogen stores
• Relaxes the musculature of the GI tract
• Has positive inotropic and chronotropic effects

Front 16

What is the dosage for Glucagon IM and q? (Adults)

Back 16

IM: 1 mg

q 1 mg 15-20 min prn

Front 17

What is the dosage for Glucagon IM? (Peds)

Back 17

<5 years: 0.5 mg

>5 years: 0.1 mg

Front 18

What are 2 contraindications for glucagon?

Back 18

• Hypersensitivity (beef or pork proteins as glucagon derived from beef or pork pancreas)
• Pheochromocytoma (a small vascular tumor of the adrenal medulla, causing irregular secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine)
• Hypoglycemia

Front 19

Name the 1 action that asa does (Pharmacodynamically)

Back 19

• Anticoagulant- appears to impede clotting
  
• Analgesia/anti-inflammatory- prevents or reduces pain
• Antipyretic- heat loss and cooling by evaporation

Front 20

What is the adult dosage for acetylsalicylic acid?

Back 20

160-325 mg chewed ASAP

Front 21

What are the contraindications for asa?

Back 21

• Hypersensitivity: SEVERE allergy (known)
• Bleeding disorders (hemophilia, vin Willebrand's disease)
• Unconciousness

Front 22

What is the indication for Asprin?

Back 22

Acute coranary syndromes suggestive of an acute myocardial infarction

Front 23

True of False: giving children asa when they have influenza or chickenpox infections may increase the risk of Reye's syndrome.

Back 23

True

Front 24

Nitrostat, Nitro-Bid, and Tridil are trade names for which drug?

Back 24

Nitroglycerin

Front 25

Name the 1 action that Nitroglycerin does (Pharmacodynamically)

Back 25

Antianginal- relaxes vascular smooth muscle of both venous and arterial beds. It also dialates coronary vessels.

Vasodilating- dialates peripheral vessels, decreasing venous return to the heart.

Front 26

What is the adult dosage for Nitroglycerin?

Back 26

SL 0.3 mg tab or 0.4 mg spray q 5 minute intervals prn

(As long as BP remains > 100 mmHg)

Front 27

What is the indications for Nitrostat?

Back 27

• Acute coronary syndromes (pain and ischemia with AMI without hypertension)
• Suspected ischemic cardiac pain

Front 28

What are 5 contraindications for Nitroglycerin?

Back 28

• Hypersensitivity to nitrates
• Increased ICP
• Hypotension
• Uncorrected hypovolemia
• Suspected cardiac tamponade or pericarditis
• Sildenafil (Viagra) etc within 24 hrs
• Avoid in cases of extreme brady (<50 bpm) or tachycardia (>180 bpm)

Front 29

True or False: you should remove a Nitro patch before using an AED

Back 29

True

Front 30

Name the 2 actions that Epinephrine does (Pharmacodynamically)

Back 30

• Directly stimulates the alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system
• Bronchodilation
• CV and vasorepressor: produces positive chronotropic and inotropic effects; incresing cardic output, myocardial O2 consumption and force of contraction

Front 31

What is the adult and pediatric dose for the epinephrine drug?

Back 31

Adult: 0.3 mg (1:1000) IM, repeat q 5-10 min prn

Peds: 0.01 mg/kg IM/SQ (do not exceed 0.3mg)

Front 32

What is Salbutamol's trade name?

Back 32

Ventolin

Front 33

Name the 1 action that Ventolin does (Pharmacodynamically)

Back 33

• Selectively stimulates beta-adreneric receptors of the lungs, uterus, and vascular smooth muscle
• Bronchodilation
• Higher doeses will drive serum potassium (K+) into the cells

Front 34

What is the dose for an adult for Salbutamol? What's the minimum and maximum puffs for the MDI?

Back 34

2.5- 5.0 mg nebule - repeat q 10 min prn

MDI minimum 6 puffs max 20

Front 35

What is the dose for a child for Salbutamol? What's the minimum and maximum puffs for the MDI?

Back 35

0.15 mg/kg diluted to 2.5 ml saline via nebulizer or < 10 kg give 1.25 mg with NS to 2.5 ml

10-20 kg give 2.5 mg

>20 kg give 2.5-5.0 mg

MDI min 2 puffs max 10

Front 36

What is the generic name for Ipratropium bromide?

Back 36

Atrovent

Front 37

Name the 1 action that atrovent does (Pharmacodynamically)

Back 37

Inhibits cholenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in decreased concentrations of cyclic GMP.

Front 38

What is the indication for atrovent?

Back 38

Bronchospasm in athsma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema.

Front 39

What is the dose for an adults for atrovent? What's the maximum puffs for the MDI?

Back 39

250-500 mcg via nebulizer with Salbutamol (mixed) repeat up to two times if necessary.

MDI 1-4 puffs prn; max 10

Front 40

True or False: Give salbutamol before ipratropium bromide.

Back 40

False: Ipratropium bromide has a much slower onset of action, so give that before salbutamol.

Front 41

What is a childrens dose (in this case, ages 5-11) for atrovent? What's the minimum and maximum puffs for the MDI?

Back 41

25-250 mcg via nebulizer with salbutamol (mixed) repeat up to 2 times if necessary

MDI min 2 puffs max 4