Acc 270 Test 2 Chapter 5

Front 1

Database management system (DBMS)

Back 1

A group of programs that manipulates the database and provides an interface between the database and the user of the database and other application programs

Front 2

Database administrator (DBA)

Back 2

A skilled IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization's database

Front 3

character (4)

Back 3

A basic building block of information, consisting of:
uppercase letters
lowercase letters
numerical digits
special symbols

Front 4

field

Back 4

Typically a name, number or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activity

Front 5

Record

Back 5

a collection of related data fields

Front 6

File

Back 6

A collection of related records

Front 7

Hierarchy of data (6)

Back 7

Bits
characters
fields
records
files
databases

Front 8

entity

Back 8

a generalized class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained

Front 9

attribute

Back 9

a characteristic of an entity

Front 10

data item

Back 10

the specific value of an attribute

Front 11

key

Back 11

a field or set of fields in a record that is used to identify the record

Front 12

primary key

Back 12

a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies the record

Front 13

traditional approach to data management

Back 13

an approach whereby separate data files are created and stored for each application program

Front 14

database approach to data management

Back 14

an approach whereby a pool of related data is shared by multiple application programs

Front 15

planned data redundancy (3)

Back 15

A way of organizing data in which :
:
-the logical database design is altered so that certain data entities are combined,
- summary totals are carried in the data records rather than calculated from elemental data,
- some data attributes are repeated in more than one data entity to improve database performances

Front 16

data model

Back 16

a diagram of data entities and their relationships

Front 17

enterprise data modeling

Back 17

data modeling done at the level of the entire enterprise

Front 18

entity-relationship (ER) diagrams

Back 18

data models that use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data

Front 19

relational model

Back 19

a database model that describes data in which all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables, called RELATIONS, which are the logical equivalent of files

Front 20

domain

Back 20

the allowable values for data attributes

Front 21

selecting

Back 21

manipulating data to eliminate rows according to certain criteria

Front 22

projecting

Back 22

manipulating data to eliminate columns in a table

Front 23

joining

Back 23

manipulating data to combine two or more tables

Front 24

linking

Back 24

manipulating two or more tables that share at least one common data attribute to provide useful information and reports

Front 25

data cleanup

Back 25

the process of looking for an fixing inconsistencies to ensure that data is accurate and complete

Front 26

schema

Back 26

a description of the entire database

Front 27

data definition language (DDL)

Back 27

a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database

Front 28

data dictionary

Back 28

a detailed description of all the data used in the database

Front 29

currency control

Back 29

a method of dealing with a situation in which two or more people need to access the same record in a database at the same time

Front 30

data manipulation language (DML)

Back 30

the commands that are used to manipulate the data in a database

Front 31

data administrator

Back 31

a nontechnical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues

Front 32

data warehouse

Back 32

a database that collects business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products, and customers.

Front 33

data mart

Back 33

a subset of a data warehouse

Front 34

data mining

Back 34

an information-analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse

Front 35

predictive analysis

Back 35

a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events such as future product sales or the probability that a customer will default on a loan

Front 36

business intelligence

Back 36

the process of gathering enough of the right information in a timely manner and usable form and analyzing it to have a positive impact on business strategy, tactics, or operations

Front 37

Competitive intelligence

Back 37

one aspect of business intelligence limited to information about competitors and the ways that knowledge affects strategy, tactics, and operations

Front 38

Counterintelligence

Back 38

the steps an organization takes to protect information sought by "hostile" intelligence gatherers

Front 39

distributed database

Back 39

a database in which the data can be spread across several smaller databases connected via telecommunications devices

Front 40

replicated database

Back 40

a database that holds a duplicate set of frequently used data

Front 41

online analytical processing (OLAP)

Back 41

software that allows users to explore data from a number of perspectives

Front 42

object-oriented database

Back 42

a database that stores both data and its processing instructions

Front 43

object-oriented database management system (OODBMS)

Back 43

a group of programs that manipulate an object-orientated database and provide a user interface and connections to other application programs

Front 44

object-relational database management system (ORDBMS)

Back 44

a DBMS capable of manipulating audio, video, and graphical data