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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RAD
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a systems development approach that employes tools, techniques, and methodologies designed to speed application development
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JAD
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a process for data collection and requirements analysis in which users, stakeholders, and IS professionals work together to analyze existing systems, propose possible solutions, and define the requirements of a new or modified system
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Critical success factors
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factors that are essential to the succes of a functional area of organization
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Systems analyst
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a professional who specialized in analyzing and designing business systems
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Project manager
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responsible for coordinating all people and resources need to complete a project on time
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Reasons to initiate systems development
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-problems with existing systems
-desire for new opportunities -increased competition -more effective use of info -organizational growth -merger/acquisition -change in market -new laws/regulations |
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SDLC
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Systems development life cycle: activities associated with it are ongoing, the life continues as it is maintained and reviewed
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Systems Investigation
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phase during which problems and opportunities are identified and considered in light of the goals of the business
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Systems analysis
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phase involving the study of existing systems and work processes to identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement
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Systems design
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phase that defines how the information system will do what it must do to obtain the problem solution
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Systems implementation
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phase involving the creation of aquiring of various system components detailed in the systems design, assembling them, and placing the new or modified sytem into operation
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Systems maintenance and review
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phase that ensures the system operates as intended and modifies the system so that it continues to meet changing business needs
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Why do we use SDLC?
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-ongoing
-step by step phases to make sure nothing is missed -has built in check points -reduce costs |
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Prototyping
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takes an iterative approach to the systems development process. during each iteration, requirements and alternative solutions to the problem are identified and analyzed, new solutions are designed and a portion of the system is implemented
-good for new/different concepts -operational/non operational |
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Operational
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functioning prototype that accesses real data files, edits input data, makes necessary computations and comparisons and produces real output
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Non operational
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a mock-up or model that includes output and input specifications and formats
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Rapid application development
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employs tools, techniques and methodologies designed to speed application development
-used to shorten time -actively involve users -focused intense -prototyping -uses JAD |
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Participatory design
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active participation of users in deign and decision making process
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Joint application design
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key people together to discuss requirements
-document meetings -group decision support system tool |
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Advantages of RAD
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-can put application into production sooner
-documentation is produced as a by product of completing tasks -forces teamwork/lots of interaction btwn users and stakeholders |
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Disadvantages of RAD
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-can burn out systems
-requires users to be skilled in RAD -requires larger % of stakeholders and users time |
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Capability Maturity Model
(CMM) |
1. Initial - chaotic
2. Repeatable- begin to track some things 3. Defined- uses standards/documentation 4.Managed- detailed measures 5. Optimized - continuous improvement |
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What is the purpose of systems investigation?
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to identify potential problems and opportunities and consider them in a light of the goals of the company.
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Feasibility analysis
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assessment of the technical, economic, legal, operational, and schedule feasibility of a project
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technical feasibility
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assessment of whether the hardware, software and other system components can be acquired or developed to solve the problem
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economic feasibility
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determination of whether the project makes financial sense and whether predicted benefits offset the cost and time needed to obtain them
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net present value
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the net amount which project savings exceed project expenses, after allowing for the cost of capital and the passing of time
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legal feasibility
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determiniation of whether laws or regulations may prevent or limit a systems development project
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operational feasibility
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the measure of whether the project can be put into action or operation
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Phases of the feasibility analysis
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1. Identify data sources- location various sources of data both including external and internal
2. Data collection- seek add'l info about problems or needs identified in the systems investigation report 3. Follow up clarification |
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Asking directly
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approach to gather data that asks users, stakeholders, and other managers about what they want and expect from the new or modified system
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IS plan
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translates strategic and organizational goals into systems development
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Screen and report layout
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developing formats for printed reports and screens to capture data and display information
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Data flow diagram
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shows the activities, how data flows, and is proccesses between objects/people and data sores.
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data flow
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includes arrows that show the direction of data element movement
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process symbol
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representation of a function that is performed
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entity symbol
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represenstaion of either a source or destination of a data element
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data store
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representation of s storage location for data
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data modeling
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approach to modeling organizational objects and associations that employ both text and graphics
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activity model
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activities in this sense are events or items that are necessary to fulfill the business relationship or that can be associated with the business relationship in some meaningful way
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