Acc 270 Chapter 1 Terms

Front 1

Information System

Back 1

A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective

Front 2

Data

Back 2

Raw facts:
such as an employee number, number of hours worked in a week, inventory part numbers, or sales orders

Front 3

Information

Back 3

A collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves

Front 4

Process

Back 4

A set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined outcome.

Front 5

Knowledge

Back 5

The awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision

Front 6

System

Back 6

A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals

Front 7

Efficiency

Back 7

A measure of what is produced divided by what is consumed

Front 8

Effectiveness

Back 8

A measure of the extent to which a system achieves its goals

It can be computed by dividing the goals actually achieved bu the total of the stated goals

Front 9

System Performance Standard

Back 9

A specific objective of the system

Front 10

Input

Back 10

The activity of gathering and capturing raw data

Front 11

Processing

Back 11

Converting or transforming data into useful outputs

Front 12

Output

Back 12

production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports

Front 13

feedback

Back 13

output that is used to make changes to input or processing activities.

Front 14

Forecasting

Back 14

predicting future events to avoid problems

Front 15

Computer-based information system

Back 15

A single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information

Front 16

Technology infrastructure

Back 16

All the hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store and process data into information

Front 17

Hardware

Back 17

Computer equipment used to perform input, processing, and output activities

Front 18

software

Back 18

the computer programs that govern the operation of the computer

Front 19

database

Back 19

an organized collection of facts and information

Front 20

telecommunications

Back 20

the electronic transmission of signals for communications;

enables organizations to carry out their processes and tasks through effective computer networks

Front 21

networks

Back 21

computers and equipment that are connected in a building, around the country, or around the world to enable electronic communications

Front 22

internet

Back 22

the world's largest computer network, actually consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information

Front 23

intranet

Back 23

an internal network based on web technologies that allows people withing an organization to exchange information and work on projects

Front 24

Extranet

Back 24

a network based on web technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company's intranet

Front 25

procedures

Back 25

the strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using a CBIS (computer based information system)

Front 26

e-commerce

Back 26

any business transaction executed electronically

Front 27

mobile commerce

Back 27

transactions conducted anywhere, anytime using wireless communications

Front 28

electronic business

Back 28

using information systems and the internet to perform all business related tasks and functions

Front 29

transaction

Back 29

any business related exchange

Front 30

transaction processing system

Back 30

an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions

Front 31

enterprise resource planning system

Back 31

a set of integrated programs capable of managing a company's vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization

Front 32

management information system

Back 32

an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers

Front 33

decision support system

Back 33

an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to support problem-specific decision making

Front 34

artificial intelligence

Back 34

a field in which the computer system takes on the characteristics of human intelligence

Front 35

expert system

Back 35

a system that gives a computer the ability to make suggestions and act like an expert in a particular field

Front 36

knowledge base

Back 36

the collection of data, rules, procedures, and relationships that must be followed to achieve value or the proper outcome

Front 37

virtual reality

Back 37

the simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions

Front 38

systems development

Back 38

the activity of creating or modifying existing business systems

Front 39

computer literacy

Back 39

knowledge of computer systems and equipment and the ways they function

Front 40

information systems literacy

Back 40

knowledge of how data and information are used by individuals, groups, and organizations