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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sagittla plane
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vertical plane that divides body left/right
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midsagiattal (median) plane
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plane creates a division w/2 = parts
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coronal (aka frontal)
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divides front/back sections
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transverse
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divides top/bottom protions
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cross-section
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transverse cut (i.e. MRI, CT)
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axial section
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transverse
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anatomical position
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body standing, feet together, arms at sides, head, eyes, palms hands facing forward
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superior, cranial, or rostral
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head
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anterior/ventral
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front of body
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posterior/dorsal
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back of body
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medial
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middle of body
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lateral
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far away from median
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proximal
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closer to median
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distal
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limb away from body and medial
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caudal/inferior
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close to feet/lower body
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superior/superficial
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external location or near the surface
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deep
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internal location, far from surface
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tissues
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groupings of cells w/ similar structure and function
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simple epithelium
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one-cell thick layers; diffusion, absorption, secretion, filtration
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simple squamous epithelium
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single layer of flat cells; found in heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, air sacs, Bowman's capsule in kidneys, eardrum; filtration, diffusion,osmosis, secretion
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simple cubodial epithelium
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single layer of cube-shaped cells; ovaries, eye, tubules of kidneys, ducts of other glands, thyroid; secretion and absorption
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simple columnar epithelium
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single layer of column cells
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nonciliated simple columnar epithelium
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found in gastrointestinal tract, ducts of glands, gallbladar; secretion and absorption
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ciliated simple columnar epithelium
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upper respiratory tract, Fallopian tubes, uterus, paranasal sinuses, central canal of spinal cord; moves mucus and other substances via cili
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pseudostratified columnar epithelium
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simlple columnar cells bunched together closely apear irregular and layered; upper respiratory tract; secretion and movement of mucus
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stratified squamous epithelium
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several layers of cells; protective layers in location that require resistance to wear and tear; skin, lining of mouth & esophagus, vagina, covering of toung
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stratified cuboidal epithelium
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2+ layers of cells, superficial cells cubed shaped; ducts of sweat glands, male urethra; protection
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stratified columnal epithelium
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several layers, column-like cells outermost layer; urethra, excretory ducts of glands, anus, eye; protection and secretion
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transitional epithelium
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multilayered cells contract and distend; common in urinary tract bladder
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glandular epithelium
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secretion; exocrine/endocrine glands
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connective tissue
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most abundant, compromised of cells; ground substnce &fibers outisde of cells, form matrix
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loose areolar connective tissue
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fibers and many types of cells embedded in a semifluid ground substance; subcutaneous layer of skin, around blood vessels, mucous membranes, nerves, organs; bind together, protects and nourish organs; tissue through which molecules diffuse to reach cells of other tissues
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dense regular connective tissue
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collagen fibers arranged in bundles; fibers made of collagen mlcls & twstd tgthr to increase strength; elastic arteries, tendons, ligaments
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dense irregular connective tissue
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randomly arranged collagen fibers; beneath skin and around muscles and organs, periosteum of bone, joint capsules, membrane capsules, various organs, pericardium (heart)& valves; provides strength
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elastic connective tissue
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fibers made of collagen and elastin, provides resiliency; aorta, large arteries, bronchial tubes; allows stretch
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retiular tissue
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woven fibers, fabric/netwok, produce tissue acts as a lattice for adfacent (usually epithelial) tissue; spleen, lymph nodes, liver; provides support to soft organs
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adipose tissue
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tissue composed of fat cells (adipocytes); stores fat, insulates, protects body, metabolic fuel reserves
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cartaliage
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connective tissue embeddedin a dense network of collagen, elastic fibers, matrix of chondroitin sulfate; strong yet flexible support fo r wndpipe, nose, ear, vertebral disks
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chondrocytes
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cells of mature cartilage
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lacunae
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hollow spaces in cartilage
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bone
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a connecitve tissue; provides support to soft tissues and points of attachment for skeletal muscles, protection for intrnl orgns, fnctns in movement
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matrix
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intracellular substance, surround widely separated cells
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red bone marrow
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produces blood cells
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yellow bone marrow
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stores lipids, providing reserve of energy
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