Ac Dec Science Guide

Front 1

The branch of the immune system that responds in a specific manner to each specific disease-causing microorganism encountered.

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Acquired Immunity

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A disease that develops rapidly.

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Acute Disease

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A group of organisms ranging from single-celled species to large multicellular species, which all have the ability to photosynthesize; these organisms are plant-like but lack roots, flowers, and true leaves of the higher plants.

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Algae

Front 4

A bacterial disease primarily of hoofed animals, but can cause infections in humans; the organism is capable of producing spores and thus is stable in the environment for many years even in harsh conditions; infection is usually initiated after an animal grazes on contaminated land and the spores enter small abrasions in the mouth of the animal.

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Anthrax

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An antimicrobial agent that is produced by one type of microorganism (usually a fungus or bacteria) to inhibit another type of microorganism.

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Antibiotic

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The state of protection against the effect of an antibiotic; the ability to withstand and survive exposure to antibiotics; microorganisms can acquire this state of protection by mutation or by acquiring new genes that enable the protection.

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Antibiotic Resistance

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A protein made by B cells(a type of white blood cell) that is capable of binding to a very specific portion of a foreign substance; these are an important component of acquired immunity; each B cell can only make one type of this.

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Antibody

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A substance that stimulates an immune response, especially the production of antibodies.

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Antigen

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Any agent, especially a chemotherapeutic agent, that kills or inhibits the growth of infectious microorganisms.

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Antimicrobial

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A chemical agent used on skin or living tissues in order to inhibit or eliminate microorganisms.

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Antiseptic

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An agent containing antibodies against a toxic compound(usually produced by a microorganism) that has the ability to neutralize or block its effects on the body.

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Antitoxin

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An agent containing antibodies against a toxic compound in a venom that has the ability to neutralize or block the venom's negative effects on the body.

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Antivenin

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A group of prokaryotic cells that are grouped separately from the eubacteria; these bacteria are considered the most ancient forms of life.

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Archaea

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A disorder that results from an aberrant immune response in which the body's immune response is directed against its own cells and tissues.

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Autoimmune Disorder

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A type of white blood cell that is responsible for producing antibodies.

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B Cell