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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1) the agent causes syphilis
2) The tx of syphilis |
1) Treponema pallidum
2) PCN for all stages |
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1) The name of agent cause Lyme disease
2) Tx a) Acute b) Chronic |
1) Borrelia burgdorferi; ttransmitted by tick
2) a) Tetracycline/doxycycline or amoxicillin b) PCN G |
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Signs of "Bull's-eye rash", you think of --->?
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Lyme disease
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Minimun age for
1) doxycycline/tetracycline 2) FQ |
1) 8 years old because discoloration of teeth
2) 18 years old because of joints.heart disorders |
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The most 3 commons bugs for respiratory infections?
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1. Strep pnuemoniae
2. Haemophilus influenza 3. Moraxella |
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which bug often cause pneumonia in alcoholics?
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Klebsiella
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Which bug--> walking pnemoniae?
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Mycoplasma pnemonia
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What are common bug in UTI?
Think of PEKEPS |
P: Proteus
E:E coli K: Klebsiella E: Entercoccus P: Psudomonas S: Stap saprophyticus |
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common 2 bugs causing Endocarditis?
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1. Strep viridans
2. Staph aureus |
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DOC for cat bites and dog bites?
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Augementin
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who needs endocarditis prophylaxis?
Miteral valve prolapse? |
No, mitral valve prolapse dose not require prophylaxis
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DOC for endocarditis prophylaxis?
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1) Amoxcillin 2 g PO 30-60 minus prior to procedure
2) If PCN allergy, a. Clindamycin 600 mg PO b. Azithromycin 500 mg c. Clarithromycin 500 mg PO 30-60 min prior procedure XX if IV: Cefazolin or Ceftriaxone 1 g IM/IV or clinda IM/IV) |
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"Stomach flu" = GI bacterial infections.
List 7 common bugs invovled stomach flu. |
1. Salmonella
2. Shigella 3. Camphylobacter 4. E . coli (toxigenic 0157) 5. Hrlicobacter 6. C. difficle 7. (mild s/sx) Giardia |
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List 5 Meds for Traveler's diarrhea?
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1. Pepto-Bismol (black tongue and stool)
2. Imodium 3. Cipro 4. Azithromycin 5. Xifaxan |
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Tx for CAP (Community acquired pnemnia) in adults?
1. Healthy adults 2. high risk patients 3. initial tx |
1. Macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin)
2. Quninolones (avelox, factive or Lrvaquin) 3. doxycycline |
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DOC for Chlamydia?
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1st line --> doxycycline 100 mg BID for 7 days
2nd line--> Azithromycin 1 g single dose; also recommended durning pregnancy |
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DOC for Gonorrhea?
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DOC
Ceftriaxone 125 mg IM x 1 (also cefixime) |
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DOC for Syphilis?
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1st line: Long acting pen G IM
2nd Line: - doxycycline or tetracycline for 14 days - ceftriaxone 1 g for 8 to 10 days |
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DOC for Trichomonoas?
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Metronidazole 2 g x 1
( Try -Metro-subway) |
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2 Drugs for impetigo?
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1. Bactroban (MRSA) TID for 3-5 days
2. Altabax (MSSA) BID for 5 days |
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Tx of skin candidasis?
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Mycolog II apply BID
( 2 ingredients: Nystatin and triamcinolone acetonide) |
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what is Vusion?
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Rx ointment for diaper rash (due to candida)
Contains: -Miconazole, - zinc oxide - |
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1) What is the cause agent for Scabies?
2) Most common symptoms? 3)Tx of scabies? directions? |
1. MItes (yes, it can spread)
2. Severe itching, worse at night 3. Elimite cream (Permethrin 5%) (Age > 2 months older) Apply from head to toe leave on for 8-14 hours, and then wash off. May repeat in 2 weeks |
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Drugs for Pinworm?
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1. Vermox (Mebendazole) x 1 , can repeat in 3 weeks
2. Albenza (Albendazole) 3. OTC PIN-X, or PIN-Rid (Pyantel pamoate) |
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what is Bicillin L-A?
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Benzathine pencillin for
Syphyilis 2.4 millio units IMx1 3* syphilis: IM q week x 3 wks -Not for neurosyphilis |
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Benzathine pencilline (Bicillin LA ) cab be used for syphilis and what else?
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Group A strep
Rheumatic fever |
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Bicillin CR vs. Bicillin LA?
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Bicillin CR: Procaine procaine + benzathine pencillins)
Bicillin LA: Benzathine pencillin |
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which drug is used for neurosyphilis?
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Penicillin G (IV) 8-24 million units/day divided 4-6 hours
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what is Pen Vee K, or Veetids?
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Pencillin V (PO)
Take QID on empty stomach |
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what is Pre-Pen (Benzylpeniclloyl polylysine)?
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Skin test for PCN allergic patients
( 1 drop in needle scratch; then 0.01-0.02 ml intradermally if no reaction) |
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Ampicillin with or without food?
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without food
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Ampicillin suspensin
1. how many days at room temperature? 2. how many days in the fridge? |
1. room tem: 7 days
2. fridge: 14 days |
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Amoxcillin
1. 1st line for otitis media; dosage for otitis media? 2. dental prophylaxis 3. dosing frequency? 3. |
1. 40-90 mg/kg
2. 2 grams 1 hour priot to procedure 3. TID, BID and QD (Moxatag, amoxicillin ER: 775 mg QD for strep throat) |
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Concentration of Amoxicillin infant drops?
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50 mg/ml
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2 IV antipseudomonal pencillins?
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1. Zosyn
2. Timentin |
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what is Zosyn?
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Piperacillin + tazobactam
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what is Timentin?
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Ticarcillin + clavulanate
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what is Unasyn?
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Ampicillin + sulbactam
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What is the concentration of Augmentin ES?
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600 mg/5 ml (All augmentin suspensions MUST be refridged)
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What is Augmentin XR?
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1000 mg Amoxicillin,
62.5 mg of Clavulanic acid 1 PO BID |
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DOC for surgical prophylaxis?
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Cefazolin (Ancef) 1 gm IV q6-8H
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2nd GEN of CEPH
Cover anaerobes? |
Fox-Met-(for)-Tea
Cefoxitin Cefmetazole Cefotetan |
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3rd generation CEPH
for psedomonas aeruginosa? |
Ceftriaxone and Ceftazidime
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List 5 3nd gen CEPH are available in PO form?
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1. Cefdinir (Omnicef)
2. Cefditoren (Spectracef) 3. Cefixime (Suprax) 4. Cefpodoxime (Vantin) 5. Ceftibutin (Cedax) |
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Dosages of cefepime (Maxipime)
1. regular dose? 2. for febrile netropenia |
1. 1-2 grams IV/IM Q12H
2. 2 gm IV Q8H |
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doribax
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doripenem;
1. 4th gen carbapenems 2. for complicated UTI, kidney, and intra-abdominal infections |
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Azactam (Aztreonam)
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Monoactam
Only cover G(-) |
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Vancomycin
Time-dependent killing or concentration-dependent killing? |
Time-dependent killing
peak: 20-30 mcg/ml trough:5-15 mcg/ml |
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Aminoglycosides
Time-dependent killing or concentration-dependent killing? |
concentration-dependent killing (post antibiotic effect)
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Daptomycin (cubicin)
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QD dosing,
Fridge Only NS |
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Flourquinolones should avoid in what populations?
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1. children < 18 y.o.
2. Pregnancy (due to arthropathy: cartilage erosion) |
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BBW of FQ?
(1A2 inhibitor) |
Tendure rupture (increased if given wit corticosteroids)
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Cipro v.s. Tube feeding
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Stop tube feeding for 2 hours before and 4 hours after quinolones
(same for antacids) |
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IV cipro v.s. PO Cipro?
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IV Cipro = 80% of Cipro PO
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ProQuin XR?
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CiproXR = 500 mg QD
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What is Ciprodex?
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ear drop
Ciprofloxacin + dexamethasone |
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What is Ciloxacin?
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cipro drop for the eye
1-2 gtts q2h for 2 hours while awake; then 1-2 gtts q4h for 5 days |
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Maxaquin
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Lomefloxacin
(acute bronchitis not due to Strep pneumoniae, simple UTI, --> 400 mg PO QHS |
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Levaquin IV v.s. PO
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IV = PO dose
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How do you take Levaquin oral solution?
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on empty solution
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What is Zymar?
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Gatifloxacin ophthalmic 0.3% solution
(1 gtt q2h while for 2 days and then 1 gtts q4h for 5 days) |
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what is Avelox? Vigamox?
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Moxifloxacin (PO) and Ophalmic 0.5% solution
(1 gtt tid for 7 days) |
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What is Factiva?
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4th Gene FQ
Gemifloxacin comes only in 320mg tabs chronic bronchitis 320 mg QD x 5days CAP: QD for 7 days |
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what is the sign of discontinuing Factiva?
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Rash
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why do we infuse IV Avelox (Moxifloxacin) OVER 60 minutes?
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To prevent QT prolongation
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List 3 drugs in Macrolides group?
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1. Erythromycin
2. Clarithromycin 3. Azithromycin 1 & 2 strong 3A4 inhibitors |
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How do you take Clarithromycin XL?
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Always Take with food
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How do you storage Biaxin suspension?
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DO not fridge
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How do advise patient to take ZMAX?
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Zmax is azithromycin suspension (2 gam/60 ml single dose bottle); take on empty stomach
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What is Perioatat?
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low dose doxycycline (20 mg) for treatment periodonitis
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A Rx written for
" Tetracycline 250-500 mg PO BID". what is the indication? |
for acne vulgaris
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Counseling points on Tetracyclines PO.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
1. on empty stomach
2. Increased INR 3. decreased efficacy of OC 4. don't use outdated tetracyclines (Fanconi's syndrome: kidney malfunctions) 5. avoid children < 8 years old |
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What is Oracea?
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for rosacea
- Low dose doxycyclines 40 mg PO QAM - NO ABX effects - antiinflammatory effects |
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what is Solodyn?
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1) ER form of Minocycline
2) for moderate to severe acne 3) QD |
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What is the spectrum activity of Clindamycin?
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G(+) and anerobes
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List AE of Flagyl?
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1. Disulfiram reaction
2. Darken urine 3. Metallic taste 4. GI upset |
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what is standard dilution of Flagyl?
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NS
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Flagyl v.s. light exposure?
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darkening of products
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Flagyl ER
with foods or without foods? |
without foods
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MacroBID
with foods or without foods? |
1) with foods
2) Also darken urine |
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Zyvox comes with --..
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(Linezolid)
PO, suspension: do not shake bottle IV |
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List 3 major AEs of Zyvox?
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1. Thrombocytopenia
2. MAO inhibitors 3. Peripheral and otic neuropathy |
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Synercid
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quinupristine + dalfopristin
Only IV form |
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Tygacil (tigecycline)
Only IV 1) mininum age: 18 y.o. (like FQ) |
glycylcline (like tertacycline; 5x more potent)
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what is the power component of in Bactrim?
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Trimethoprim (like MTX)
--> acute bone marrow suppression |
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what are CI using Bactrim?
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1. megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency
2. new born (Kernicterus) 3. < 2 months old 4. pregnant and nursing women 5. severe hepatic and renal failure |
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How to prepare Bactrim IV?
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1. 5 ml of Bactrim mix with 125 ml D5W;
2. MUST use in 6 hours |
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List 5 ABXs are safe in pregnancy
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1. Pencillin & CEPH
2. Erythromycin & Azithromycin 3. Clindamycin 4. Nitrogurantion 5. Daptomycin |
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List 6 drugs are NOT safe in pregancy
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1. Tetracyclines
2. FQ 3. Bactrim 4. Clarithromycin 5. AG 6. Metronidazole |
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List 2 ABX solutions should NOT be fridged.
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1. Cleocin
2. Biaxin |
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Oral ABX solution needs to be fridged
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Augmentin
(can not be left at room temperature for > 8 hours) |
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Did pts have to threw away the following oral solutions if left to room?
- PCN solution - CEPH solutions - Pediazole (Erythromycin + sulfisoxazole) |
No, ok up to 24 hours
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What is indication of Xigris?
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Drotrecogin (recombinant version of human activated protein C)
to reduce mortality in sepsis |
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List 2 antifungals need acidic environment to get absorbed.
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1. Itraconazole
2. Ketoconazole (strong P450 3A4 inhibitors) |
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Vefend
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Voriconazole
--> check visual with treatment (> 28 days) |
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List 3 drugs for CMV?
-All renal toxic - |
1. ganciclovir
2. Valganciclovir (1 AND 2 BONE Marrow suppression) 3. Cidofovir--> increased IOP 4. foscarnet |
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Amantadine (Symmetrel) and Rimantadine (Flunadine)
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Only influenza A
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Tamiflu and Relenza (diskhaler, not in the fridge)
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Influenza A and B
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Foscarnet (Foscavir)
- supplied in either glass bottle and IV bags |
renal failure and seizure
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Intron A (interferon alfa-2b)...
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interfer with your head
AE: sucidal |
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List 3 drugs for CMV?
-All renal toxic - |
1. ganciclovir
2. Valganciclovir (1 AND 2 BONE Marrow suppression) 3. Cidofovir--> increased IOP 4. foscarnet |
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Amantadine (Symmetrel) and Rimantadine (Flunadine)
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Only influenza A
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Tamiflu and Relenza (diskhaler, not in the fridge)
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Influenza A and B
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Foscarnet (Foscavir)
- supplied in either glass bottle and IV bags |
renal failure and seizure
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Intron A (interferon alfa-2b)...
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interfer with your head
AE: sucidal |
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Major AE of Tyerka
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Telbivudine
-Lactic acidosis; irregular heartbeat |
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ringworm
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fungal
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pinworm
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parasite
Vermox (mebedazole) 100 mg x1, may repeat in 3 weeks if needed |
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List drugs for Antimalariasls
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1. Malarone ( # days travel + 9 = # prescribed0
2. Hydroxychloroquine (plaquenil) 3. Aralen 4. Lariam (Mefloquine) |
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Pyantel
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OTC (PIN-X, Pin-RID)
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